Al2O3/PMMA交叠薄膜制备及OLED封装性能

可靠的薄膜封装对提高有机发光二极管(Organic light-emitting diode,OLED)器件寿命至关重要。本文采用原子层沉积实现了致密Al_2O_3薄膜的低温制备,并研究了喷墨打印PMMA墨水在Al_2O_3薄膜的均匀成膜以及Al_2O_3/PMMA交叠薄膜的水汽阻隔性能。实验结果表明,当打印分辨率为300 DPI时,PMMA墨水在Al_2O_3薄膜表面均匀成膜,Al_2O_3/PMMA交叠薄膜具有良好的水汽阻隔性能和光学透过率。钙膜电学测试结果显示,3对Al_2O_3/PMMA薄膜的水汽透过率低至8.34×10~(-5) g/(m~2·d),而光学透光率在可见光范围内高于95%,表现出良好的OLED器件薄膜封装性能。     

低温原子层沉积氧化铝作为有机电致发光器件的封装薄膜

为了克服传统的原子层深沉积反应温度高于有机材料的玻璃化温度对有机电致发光器件性能产生破坏的缺点,使用低温原子层沉积的方法沉积了Al2O3薄膜,成功地实现了对OLED的薄膜封装。实验中为了抑制环境温度对ALD薄膜均匀性的影响,增加了每个反应周期的抽气时间,从而可以充分地排出反应副产物,抑制了空位的形成,使得薄膜具有较高的均匀性和致密性。微观形貌分析、钙测试以及寿命测试表明,通过增加ALD的PGT,低温制备的薄膜与高温制备的薄膜的均匀性差别较小,且制备过程对OLED器件的光电性能无明显影响。低温制备的薄膜水汽透过率(WVTR)可以达到8.6×10-4g/(m2·d),能够有效地提高有机电致发光器件的寿命。     

利用原子层沉积技术实现有机电致发光器件的薄膜封装EI北大核心CSCD

有机电致发光器件(Organic light emitting diode,OLED)具有轻薄、便于携带、自发光、能耗低、亮度更大、柔性显示等特点,可以增加显示产品的附加值,因此被科学和产业界广泛关注。然而,OLED器件中的有机材料对空气中的水汽和氧气十分敏感,若器件在无封装保护的情况下长期在空气中存放,将会严重影响OLED的工作性能和寿命。除了选择合适的传输层材料、表面层结构和利用界面工程提高材料水氧耐受能力之外,对器件进行可靠的封装是隔绝空气中水汽和氧气侵蚀的一种有效手段。原子层沉积(Atomic layer deposition,ALD)是一种已经在实验室验证的有效薄膜沉积封装技术,由于ALD的自限制反应特性,可以在低温下沉积出厚度精确可控且均匀致密的薄膜,利用ALD沉积的薄膜往往拥有良好的机械柔性、超高的阻隔性能和光学透过率。本文将回顾原子层沉积技术的原理,分析ALD制备薄膜的水汽透过率,比较ALD在单层、有机-无机叠层薄膜封装制备上的技术优势。     

碲化铋红外透明导电薄膜的制备与光电性能（特邀）

采用射频磁控溅射法在石英衬底和硒化锌衬底上制备了碲化铋薄膜,分别研究了薄膜厚度、退火温度对薄膜微观结构和光电性能的影响。利用X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪和冷场发射扫描电子显微镜,分析了薄膜结构、成分和形貌。结果表明,退火有利于薄膜的结晶,且不改变晶体的择优取向。傅里叶变换红外光谱测试结果表明,在石英衬底和硒化锌衬底上沉积的薄膜,光学透过率随着薄膜厚度和退火温度的增加而减小,在硒化锌衬底上沉积的薄膜透过波段比石英长,且光学透过率更加稳定。霍尔效应测试结果表明,随着薄膜厚度和退火温度的增加,薄膜的电阻率逐渐减小,最小为1.448×10^-3Ω·cm,迁移率为27.400 cm²·V^-1·s^-1,载流子浓度为1.573×10²⁰ cm^-3。在石英衬底上沉积的15 nm厚的Bi₂Te₃薄膜,在1～5μm波段的透过率达到80%,退火200℃后透过率达到60%,电阻率为5.663×10^-3Ω·cm。在...     

氩气压强对射频磁控溅射ZnO：Al薄膜结构和性能的影响

以ZnO:Al2O3为靶材在石英玻璃衬底上射频磁控溅射制备多晶ZnO:Al(AZO)薄膜,通过XRD、AFM以及Hall效应、透射光谱等测试研究了RF溅射压强对薄膜结构、电学与光学性能的影响.分析表明:所制备的薄膜具有c轴择优取向,当压强为1.2Pa时薄膜的电阻率降至最低(2.7×10-3Ω·cm).薄膜在可见光区平均透射率高于90%,光学带隙均大于本征ZnO的禁带宽度.     

F,Al共掺杂ZnO透明导电薄膜的制备及掺杂机理研究

本文采用磁控溅射技术,对F和Al共掺杂ZnO (FAZO)薄膜进行研究,系统地研究了溅射气压对薄膜结构、形貌、光电等特性的影响.实验研究结果表明:F, Al共掺入并未改变ZnO的生长方式,所制备的薄膜都呈(002)择优生长;随着溅射气压增加, FAZO薄膜的沉积速率降低,结晶质量恶化,表面形貌由"弹坑状"逐渐变为"弹坑状"与"颗粒状"并存的形貌特性,表面粗糙度增加.在0.5 Pa时制备的FAZO薄膜性能最优,迁移率40.03 cm~2/(V·s),载流子浓度3.92×10~(20) cm~(–3),电阻率最低,为3.98×10~(–4) W·cm, 380—1200 nm平均透过率约90%.理论模拟结果表明:F和Al的共掺杂兼顾了F, Al单独掺杂的优点,克服了以往金属元素掺杂仅依靠金属元素轨道提供导电电子的不足,实现了既增加载流子浓度又减少了掺入原子各轨道间相互作用对载流子散射的影响.掺入的F 2p电子轨道对O 2p及Zn 4s电子轨道产生排斥,使它们分别下移,提供导电电子;同时掺入的Al的3s和3p电子轨道也为导电电子提供了贡献. F和Al共掺之后载流子浓度提升更加显著,导电性能增强.     

新型透明导电薄膜ErF3掺杂In2 O3的研制

利用电子束沉积技术首次制备了氟化铒 (ErF₃) 掺杂的氧化铟(In₂O₃)透明导电薄膜(IEFO),研究了薄膜的晶体结构、光学特性和电学特性。利用原子力显微镜测试了不同厚度薄膜的形貌,初步研究了薄膜的生长过程。研究发现:IEFO薄膜为多晶结构,Er原子的掺入改变了薄膜的优势生长方向,使薄膜在(211)、(222)、(444)3个方向上的生长趋势基本相同。 薄膜电阻率为1.265×10^-3 Ω·cm,电子迁移率为45.76 cm²·V^-1·s^-1,电子浓度为1.197×10²⁰ cm^-3,在380~780 nm范围内的可见光平均透过率为81%。     

基于AZO的高效率磷光有机电致发光

采用离子辅助的电子束双源共蒸技术制备了AZO薄膜,其载流子浓度和迁移率分别为4.39×1020 cm-3和15 cm2.V-1.s-1,在可见光范围内的平均透过率达到85.5%,功函数为5.05 eV。采用AZO作为阳极制备的磷光OLED得到最大亮度为192 400 cd/m2,最大电流效率为83.5 cd/A。结果表明,AZO作为OLED的阳极可获得优异的电致发光性能。     

透明导电铟铋氧化物薄膜的制备及其性能

以氧化铟为主体材料,以铋为掺杂材料,采用真空热蒸发方法研制出2.5%铋掺杂的透明导电氧化物薄膜(IBO)。实验表明:IBO薄膜具有良好的表面形貌,载流子浓度为3.955×1019cm-3,载流子迁移率达到50.21cm2·V-1·s-1,电导率为3.143×10-3Ω·cm,在可见光范围内的平均透过率超过82%,功函数为4.76eV。采用其作为阳极制作的OLED得到最大亮度30230cd/m2,最大电流效率为5.1cd/A。结果表明IBO是一种良好的光电器件阳极材料。     

氧化铟掺铪红外透明导电薄膜

采用射频磁控溅射与退火工艺相结合的方法,分别在石英和硒化锌(ZnSe)衬底上制备了掺铪氧化铟(IHfO)薄膜,掺杂比例In2O3∶HfO2为98wt.%∶2wt.%.测试了薄膜的组成结构和3～5μm红外波段的光电性质,分析了退火温度、薄膜厚度和氧气流速对薄膜性能的影响.X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和X射线能谱表明,制备的IHfO薄膜具有氧化铟的立方体结构,掺杂铪并没有影响氧化铟的生长方向,但是减小了晶格间距,铪与铟外层电子形成新的杂化轨道.傅里叶变换红外光谱表明,随着退火温度的增加,IHfO薄膜在3～5μm波段的透过率逐渐下降,沉积在ZnSe衬底上的薄膜具有更平稳的透过率,厚度为100nm薄膜在3～5μm波段平均透过率为68%.测试霍尔效应表明,随着氧气流速的增加,IHfO薄膜电阻率逐渐增加,载流子浓度减小,霍尔迁移率变化不明显.晶界散射是影响IHfO薄膜迁移率的主要因素,当氧气流速为0.3sccm时,薄膜最佳电阻率为3.3×10~(-2)Ω·cm.与透可见光波段的导电氧化铟锡(ITO)薄膜相比,制备的IHfO薄膜可以应用在3～5μm红外波段检测气体,红外制导等领域.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.