新型特效Na离子吸附剂Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3的光谱研究

采用高温固相法合成了新型特效Na离子吸附剂Li1 xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3.用XRD,FTIR,Raman等手段研究了其结构形态;对材料的激光拉曼光谱和红外光谱进行了研究和指认;并对其吸附性能进行了研究.结果表明少量Al的加入未影响到LiTi2(PO4)3的晶体结构,但使Li1 xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3对Na离子产生了特效吸附作用,可用于高纯锂盐制备过程中微量杂质钠离子的分离.其最佳吸附条件为:当x=0.4时,在pH值为10.0～11.0条件下,Li1 xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3的吸附容量达到11.76 mg·g-1.     

CO2-3掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石晶体的合成与表征

CO2-3掺杂是提高纳米羟基磷灰石（n-HA）生物活性的有效方法之一。以 Ca（NO3）2·4H2O 和Na3PO4·12H2O为主要原料，Na2CO3作为CO2-3来源，合成纳米碳羟基磷灰石（n-CHA）晶体。采用TEM ， XRD ，FTIR ，RS对合成晶体形貌和结构进行表征。结果表明：合成的n-HA晶体长度约为60～80 nm ，宽度在20～30 nm之间，形状为针状，具有良好的结晶度，与自然骨磷灰石形貌相似；n-CHA晶体随CO2-3掺入量的增加，结晶度降低；合成的 n-CHA晶体的晶胞参数 a值随着CO2-3加入量的增大不断收缩，但 c值增大，参数比c/a值增大，符合B型取代（取代PO3-4）的晶胞参数变化规律。红外谱图中，872 cm -1附近出现AB混合型取代（同时取代O H -，PO3-4）的CO2-3面外弯曲振动特征红外峰，同时CO2-3的不对称伸缩振动红外峰在1454和1420 cm -1附近出现分裂峰，1540 cm -1附近出现弱CO2-3峰；1122 cm -1附近出现CO2-3对称伸缩振动拉曼峰，1071 cm -1附近出现CO2-3的B型替代特征拉曼峰，通过计算PO3-4，CO2-3，O H -拉曼峰的积分面积比PO3-4/CO2-3，O H -/CO23，PO3-4/O H -，表明CO2-3在替换时，先以B型为主，随着CO2-3掺入量的增加，发生A型替代（取代O H -）。实验结果表明，合成的磷灰石晶体为B型取代（取代PO3-4）为主的AB混合型取代的 n-CHA。与人骨磷灰石晶体在形态、尺寸、晶体结构和生长方式上具有相似性，可称为类骨磷灰石。     

新型复合电极对偶氮染料分子的光催化降解

介绍了具有合成H2 O2 和光催化性能的双功能新型复合电极 ,并用X射线衍射、扫描电镜等方法进行了表征 .双功能复合电极是将TiO2 光催化剂负载在活性碳 (AC)和具有合成H2 O2 性能的新型载体空气电极上形成的 .在复合电极作阴极的光反应器中 ,·OH和TiO2 光催化剂的存在实现了光化学氧化与光催化氧化在同一电极 /溶液界面上的联合作用 .实验结果表明 ,复合电极对提高偶氮染料分子活性艳红 (K 2BP)的氧化降解速度起了重要作用 ,仅反应 3min ,脱色率可达 4 9% ;反应 80min ,偶氮染料分子COD去除率可达 4 7% .     

5-羧基-3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑芳香醛席夫碱的合成与表征

利用氨基胍碳酸氢盐与草酸反应合成5-羧基-3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑,然后用5-羧基-3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑与芳香醛反应,合成了2种5-羧基-3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑芳香醛席夫碱,通过元素分析,红外光谱和紫外光谱对产物的结构进行了表征.     

Sr9Ca(PO4)6Cl2:Eu2+晶体中的两种发光中心

Sr9Ca(PO4)6Cl2:Eu2+是一种性能良好效率较高的发光材料.作者合成并生长了Sr9Ca(PO4)6Cl:Eu2+的单晶体.从晶体的结构测定和光谱学研究,确证了晶体中存在有两种发光中心,即Eu(Ⅰ)中心和Eu(Ⅱ)中心.     

CO32-掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石晶体的合成与表征

CO32-掺杂是提高纳米羟基磷灰石(n-HA)生物活性的有效方法之一。以Ca(NO3)2·4H2O和Na3PO4·12H2O为主要原料,Na2CO3作为CO2-3来源,合成纳米碳羟基磷灰石(n-CHA)晶体。采用TEM,XRD,FTIR,RS对合成晶体形貌和结构进行表征。结果表明:合成的n-HA晶体长度约为60~80nm,宽度在20~30nm之间,形状为针状,具有良好的结晶度,与自然骨磷灰石形貌相似;n-CHA晶体随CO2-3掺入量的增加,结晶度降低;合成的n-CHA晶体的晶胞参数a值随着CO2-3加入量的增大不断收缩,但c值增大,参数比c/a值增大,符合B型取代(取代PO3-4)的晶胞参数变化规律。红外谱图中,872cm-1附近出现AB混合型取代(同时取代OH-,PO3-4)的CO2-3面外弯曲振动特征红外峰,同时CO2-3的不对称伸缩振动红外峰在1 454和1 420cm-1附近出现分裂峰,1 540cm-1附近出现弱CO2-3峰;1 122cm-1附近出现CO2-3对称伸缩振动拉曼峰,1 071cm-1附近出现CO2-3的B型替代特征拉曼峰,通过计算PO3-4,CO2-3,OH-拉曼峰的积分面积比PO3-4/CO2-3,OH-/CO23,PO3-4/OH-,表明CO2-3在替换时,先以B型为主,随着CO2-3掺入量的增加,发生A型替代(取代OH-)。实验结果表明,合成的磷灰石晶体为B型取代(取代PO3-4)为主的AB混合型取代的n-CHA。与人骨磷灰石晶体在形态、尺寸、晶体结构和生长方式上具有相似性,可称为类骨磷灰石。     

钴(Ⅱ)与5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯体系的络合物吸附波研究及应用

在pH为8.0的NaH2PO4-Na2HPO4缓冲溶液中,钴(Ⅱ)-NH2OH·HCl-5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯(5-I-PADAT)体系在-1.25V(vs.SCE)产生—灵敏的络合物吸附波.据此建立了极谱法测定微量钴的新方法,该波一阶导数峰电流与钴(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在1-25μg·L-1范围内呈的线性关系,检出限达0.12μg·L-1.研究了该体系的极谱波性质,结果表明该波为催化吸附波,其电极过程为不可逆过程,电子转移数为2.此外还实验了多种离子对峰电流I′p的影响,所拟方法用于维生素B12注射液和陕南镍矿中微量钴的测定,结果满意.     

六方相TbPO_4·nH_2O的控制合成及发光性能研究

通过控制PO3-4/Tb3+的量比,在低温水热条件下合成了不同形貌的TbPO4·nH2O纳米晶体。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)及光致发光光谱(PL)等分析手段对所制备的样品进行了表征。研究了溶液中PO3-4/Tb3+比值变化对产物晶型结构、形貌、晶粒尺寸及发光性能的影响,给出了TbPO4·nH2O纳米粉体的生长机理。实验发现,当PO3-4/Tb3+比值达到60∶1时,产物在过量的磷酸根体系中生长成直径为100~200 nm的TbPO4·nH2O茧状微球,且产物的发光强度最大。PO3-4/Tb3+比值对TbPO4·nH2O形貌和发光性能有重要影响。     

Ba_2Ca(PO_4)_2:Eu~(2+)蓝色荧光粉的合成及其发光特性

采用高温固相法合成了Ba2Ca(PO4)2:Eu2+蓝色荧光粉,研究了合成温度、合成时间、Ba/Ca比值以及Eu2+掺杂量等对材料的物相及发光特性等的影响.研究结果显示,合成温度为900/1200?C,合成时间为4 h时,可以获得纯相的Ba2Ca(PO4)2;以343 nm紫外线作为激发源时,Ba2Ca(PO4)2:Eu2+呈非对称的宽谱特征,主峰位于454 nm,分析认为,Eu2+在Ba2Ca(PO4)2中占据不同的晶体学格位,形成了不同的发光中心,造成材料呈非对称发射;监测454 nm发射峰,对应的激发光谱覆盖200—450 nm区域,主峰位于343 nm,且在长波紫外段(350—410 nm)有很强的激发带;增大Eu2+掺杂量,Eu2+在Ba2Ca(PO4)2中的发射出现了浓度猝灭现象,且材料的发射峰出现了明显的红移;减小基质中Ba/Ca配比,材料在绿色区域的发射逐渐增强,材料的发光颜色由蓝逐渐变为蓝绿色,分析认为,Eu2+进入Ba2Ca(PO4)2基质体系后,不但取代Ba2+的格位,而且取代Ca2+的格位,形成不同的发光中心,从而影响材料的发光特性.     

分光光度法研究芦丁-铜配合物及其自由基清除活性

芦丁是天然多羟基黄酮苷 ,具有广泛的药理作用。分光光度法研究了芦丁与金属铜离子的配位性能 ,在 KH2 PO4- Na OH(p H=7.38)缓冲溶液中 ,芦丁与 Cu( Ⅱ )能形成 1∶ 1的配合物 ,并具有良好清除自由基活性。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.