空气电极/AC作载体对TiO2光催化性能的影响

研究了空气电极和活性碳 (AC)作载体对TiO2 光催化氧化活性艳红 (K 2BP)性能的影响 .实验结果表明 ,用空气电极 /AC作载体能显著提高TiO2 的光催化反应速度 ;空气电极不仅具有良好的合成H2 O2 的性能 ,而且对TiO2 光催化剂可产生大约 +0 .5V的偏压作用 ,大大减小了TiO2 光生电荷的复合几率 ;AC对有机物分子良好的吸附作用提高了有机物分子在TiO2 表面及周围的富集浓度 ,其含量在 2 1%左右可使光催化剂达到最佳的催化效果 .复合电极工作电流密度对活性艳红的氧化脱色速度有影响 ,i=15mA/cm2 ,速度达到最大 ;活性艳红分子在复合电极表面的吸附受溶液pH值的影响 ;提出了复合电极的工作原理 .     

RuO2/TiO2复合光催化剂的制备及性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶-浸渍法制备了RuO2/TiO2复合光催化剂, 以紫外灯为光源, 直接耐晒黑G溶液的光催化降解为模型反应, 研究了RuO2/TiO2的光催化性能. 结果表明 掺杂量ω(RuO2)为0.16%、煅烧温度500 ℃、催化剂投加量为5.00 g·L-1时, RuO2/TiO2复合光催化剂催化活性最高. 直接耐晒黑G降解反应遵从Langmuir-Hinshelwood动力学模型, 测得反应速率常数为4.94×10-3 mmol(L·min)-1和吸附常数14.2 L·mmol-1.     

Ag-TiO2和Au-TiO2复合薄膜光催化降解偶氮染料酸性大红GR的研究

以玻璃珠为载体,溶胶-凝胶法制Ag-TiO2和Au-TiO2复合薄膜,研究了水溶液中的偶氮染料酸性大红GR进行了固定相光催化氧化以及银和金的掺杂量、染料水溶液的pH值、光源、催化剂的重复使用性等因素的影响.负载型复合光催化剂Ag-TiO2和Au-TiO2的光催化活性显著提高.当Ag和Au掺杂TiO2的质量分数分别为0.4%和0.6%时,最高光解率分别提高了2.1倍和1.8倍.     

ⅡB族元素取代的钨硼杂多酸盐的合成、光谱及光催化性能

应用一锅法合成了Keggin结构ⅡB族元素取代的钨硼杂多酸盐K7[BW11 O39 M( H2O)](M=Zn,Cd),用元素分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外光谱、X射线粉末衍射等手段对其结构进行了表征.以生物偶氮染料甲基红模拟废水,考察了紫外光照射下K7 [BW11 O39 M(H2 O)]的光催化性能.结果表明,对pH 2的25 μmol· L-1甲基红水溶液,K7 [BW11 O99 M(H2 O)]投加量为20 mg·L-1,光照60 min时,甲基红的降解率可达95%以上.     

负载硅藻土的固体聚合硫酸铁的制备及结构表征

以工业副产品七水硫酸亚铁(FeSO4·7H2O)为原料,制备液体聚合硫酸铁(PFS)絮凝剂,再与硅藻土复合,在一定的温度下,通过真空烘箱干燥制备同体PFS.通过红外光谱及扫描电镜(SEM)对其结构表征,结果表明:负载硅藻土后的PFS中很可能有新的基团键生成,在PFS之间形成了新的键桥作用;硅藻土中多种金属物质和部分PFS相互作用形成了复合型铁系聚合体,以及硅藻土中载体吸附团聚作用的结果,使絮凝剂的分子结构变大,增强了复合絮凝剂吸附架桥和卷扫的功能.通过正交实验研究其合成优化工艺条件为:FeSO4·7H2O与硅藻土的质量比为43:1,反应时间为1 h,反应温度为55℃;合成产物对生活污水的处理具有良好的絮凝性能,COD和浊度的去除率分别可达80.00%和99.98%.     

CdS/TiO2/漂珠复合光催化剂制备及其降解高效氯氰菊酯研究

采用溶胶-凝胶-浸渍法制备了Cds/TiO2/漂珠复合光催化剂,通过SEM,XRD对其结构进行了表征.以高效氯氰菊酯(BEC)杀虫剂的光催化降解为模型反应,研究了CdS/TiO2/漂珠的光催化性能,探讨了影响催化剂活性的因素及采用太阳光作光源处理BEC的可行性.结果表明,CdS/TiO2/漂珠投加量为3 000mg·L-1,初始浓度为45 mg·L-1、初始pH为6.5,通气量为200 mL·min-1时间为60 min,BEC降解率分别为92.1%(125W高压汞灯)和79.3%(5 W紫外灯),采用太阳光照射300 min,BEC降解率可达93.4%.BEC的降解反应遵从L-H动力学模型,测得反应速率常数9.80 mg·(L·min)-1,吸附常数4.36×10-3 L·mg-1.     

离子液体辅助N,S,F共掺杂纳米TiO2的制备与表征

以TiCl4、硫脲和离子液体([C6mim]+[BF4]-)为原料,采用微波催化水解法合成掺杂的纳米TiO2前驱体,在NH3/N2气氛中经程序升温煅烧处理制得N,S,F共掺杂TiO2光催化剂(N—S—F—TiO2)。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis/DRS)等对该光催化剂的结构和性能进行表征。结果表明,该光催化剂为锐钛矿晶型,具有较高的纯度和结晶度,掺杂在TiO2晶体中形成Ti—O—N键,Ti—O—S键,Ti—S键,而F以TiOF2形态掺杂。在可见光区400～550nm具有强吸收,且在600～800nm出现一个较强的吸收带。实验表明,使用[C6mim]+[BF4]-与H2O的体积比为5/95所制得的光催化剂对甲基橙降解的催化活性最高,可见光照射200min降解率达95%。多掺杂的协同效应使得N—S—F—TiO2具有对可见光的强烈吸收和较高的可见光催化活性。     

BaSnO3纳米粒子的制备及对亚甲基蓝的光催化性能

以结晶四氯化锡(SnCl4·5H2O)和乙酸钡[Ba(CH3COO)2]为原料,以有机碱四甲基氢氧化铵N (CH3)4OH为矿化剂,采用共沉淀法制备BaSnO3光催化剂,并研究了其对亚甲基蓝溶液的光催化性能.结果表明:在可见光照射下,BaSnO3光催化剂对亚甲基蓝溶液有明显的光催化降解作用.当催化剂浓度为40mg/L,反应时间为100min时,降解率可达93％以上.     

有机膨润土负载ZnO/TiO2光降解催化剂的研制及性能

以六水硝酸锌、酞酸丁酯和有机膨润土为原料,采用沉淀法制备ZnO/TiO2膨润土复合光催化材料,用IR和XRD对光催化剂的组织构造和微观结构进行表征,实验了光催化剂对亚甲基蓝废水的降解性能。结果表明：ZnO/TiO2成功负载于膨润土片层表面,ZnO的含量为有机膨润土的8%,反应温度为70℃,焙烧温度为420℃,催化剂用量为12mg/L时,亚甲基蓝废水的降解率可达97%以上。     

光化学

O644.12007010972介孔结构Na4W10O32/TiO2复合光催化剂的制备及其可见光光催化性能的研究=Mesoporous Na4W10O32/Ti O2composite photocatalyst∶preparation and visible-lightphotocatalytic activity[刊,中]/耿爱芳(长春理工大学材料与化工学院.吉林,长春(130022)),王长华…     

新型六方晶型磁载TiO2纳米粒子的合成及其光降解性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法,在磁性Fe<,3>O<,4>表面包覆TiO<,2>,制备了一种新型六方晶型纳米TiO<,2>/Fe<,3>O<,4>光催化复合材料.X射线衍射(XRD),透射电镜(TEM)对材料形态结构及包覆情况的分析,显示TiO<,2>包覆在Fe<,3>O<,4>表面,对染料废水光催化降解的模拟研究表明,该复合材料...     

Sonophotocatalytic decomposition of water using TiO(2) photocatalyst

Sonophotocatalytic reaction is a photocatalytic reaction with ultrasonic irradiation or the simultaneous irradiation of ultrasound and light with a photocatalyst. The possibility of the effect of hybrid of sonochemical and photocatalytic reactions was examined. Liquid water was hardly decomposed to H(2) and O(2) by photocatalysis or sonolysis, independently. In order to decompose water, powdered TiO(2) photocatalyst suspended in distilled water should be simultaneously irradiated by light and ultrasound. This sonophotocatalytic reaction was effective on the decomposition of water to H(2) and O(2).     

Visible light induced sonophotocatalytic degradation of Reactive Red dye 198 using dye sensitized TiO2

In this paper we are reporting the accelerated sonophotocatalytic degradation of Reactive Red (RR) 198 dye under visible light using dye sensitized TiO(2) activated by ultrasound. The effect of sonolysis, photocatalysis and sonophotocatalysis under visible light has been examined to study the influence on the degradation rates by varying the initial substrate concentration, pH and catalyst loading to ascertain the synergistic effect on the degradation techniques. Ultrasonic activation at 47kHz contributes through cavitation leading to the splitting of H(2)O(2) produced by both photocatalysis and sonolysis. This results in the formation of oxidative species, such as singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) and superoxide (O2-*) radicals in the presence of oxygen. Sonication increases the amount of reactive radical species, inducing faster oxidation of the substrate and degradation of intermediates and also the deaggregation of the photocatalyst which are responsible for the observed synergy. Further, the photocatalytic activity of RR 198 dye sensitized TiO(2) is demonstrated by the degradation of phenol under visible light and ultrasound. A comparative study using TiO(2), Hombikat UV 100 and ZnO was also carried out.     

Ultrasonic effects on electroorganic processes--Part 20. Photocatalytic oxidation of aliphatic alcohols in aqueous suspension of TiO2 powder

Ultrasonic effects in a suspension system were examined using the photocatalytic oxidation of 2-propanol to acetone and of ethanol to acetaldehyde in the aqueous suspension of TiO2 powder as a model reaction. The formation rate of acetone was significantly increased under ultrasonic irradiation. The oxidation reaction under ultrasonic irradiation was affected in a different manner from that in silence by reaction conditions such as ultrasonic power, stirring speed, amount of TiO2, concentration of 2-propanol, and pretreatment of the TiO2 powder. Furthermore, it was also observed that the particle size of the TiO2 photocatalyst powder was increased due to the particle agglomeration by ultrasonic irradiation, and consequently it was suggested that ultrasound activates the surface of the catalyst. These results are discussed on the basis of not only the activation of the photocatalyst but also ultrasonic enhancement of mass transport of 2-propanol molecules.     

Ag负载WO3/TiO2光催化剂的合成及其催化性能

以钛酸丁酯、无水乙醇、钨酸铵为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了WO3/TiO2复合光催化剂;采用光还原技术制备了Ag负载WO3/TiO2光催化剂,借助X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和UV-Vis光谱等技术对样品的组成和光吸收性能进行了表征,并以罗丹明B为模型污染物考察样品的光催化活性。XRD分析表明,所得粉体均为锐钛矿型纳米TiO2,且与WO3复合后,纳米TiO2特征衍射峰宽化,强度降低;UV-Vis光谱分析表明,载银使得催化剂在400—700nm的可见光区域对光响应,且在紫外光区吸收显著增强,对光具有更高的利用率;以罗丹明B为降解物的光催化实验表明,WO3复合对纳米TiO2光催化活性有显著的影响,而载Ag后其光催化活性进一步提高,将该光催化剂用于炼油厂废水的处理,效果较好。     

Degradation of organic water pollutants through sonophotocatalysis in the presence of TiO(2)

The degradation of 2-chlorophenol and of the two azo dyes acid orange 8 and acid red 1 in aqueous solution was investigated kinetically under sonolysis at 20 kHz and under photocatalysis in the presence of titanium dioxide particles, as well as under simultaneous sonolysis and photocatalysis, i.e. sonophotocatalysis. The influence on the degradation and mineralisation rates of the initial substrate concentration and of the photocatalyst amount was systematically investigated to ascertain the origin of the synergistic effect observed between the two degradation techniques. The evolution of hydrogen peroxide during kinetic runs was also monitored. Small amounts of Fe(III) were found to affect both the adsorption equilibria on the semiconductor and the degradation paths. Ultrasound may modify the rate of photocatalytic degradation by promoting the deaggregation of the photocatalyst, by inducing the desorption of organic substrates and degradation intermediates from the photocatalyst surface and, mainly, by favouring the scission of the photocatalytically and sonolytically produced H(2)O(2), with a consequent increase of oxidising species in the aqueous phase.     

脉冲放电等离子体/TiO2协同体系中氧自由基的光谱分析

基于脉冲放电等离子体/TiO2的协同作用效果,研究利用脉冲放电过程中产生的紫外光效应,建立以玻璃珠负载的TiO2膜作为光催化剂的脉冲放电等离子体/TiO2协同体系,并从氧自由基(·O)光谱分析的角度说明脉冲放电等离子体/TiO2光催化的协同作用机理.研究结果表明,·O主要在777 um处形成特征发射光谱,对应跃迁为3p...     

Sonophotocatalytic degradation of congo red and methyl orange in the presence of TiO2 as a catalyst

A comparative study between the photocatalytic and sonophotocatalytic oxidation process of congo red was carried out using titanium dioxide as a catalyst. The effect of a number of parameters, such as the initial concentration of dye, the presence of oxygen and ultrasound, the TiO(2) crystalline structure and the amount of TiO(2), was studied using an inexpensive reactor. In the second part of this document, the oxidation and reduction processes of methyl orange was studied using the same reactor, but by changing the chemical environment in order to drive either the oxidation or the reduction reaction. The results showed, for all the cases studied, a sinergistic effect between sonolysis and photocatalysis when an ultrasonic bath of 80W was used as a source of ultrasound. On the other hand, the electrochemical experiments showed that the current densities for the oxidation process of the azodyes were higher when a conducting glass electrode covered with a thin film of TiO(2) was used as a working electrode instead of a platinum electrode, showing that the TiO(2) electrode is not passivated by the oxidation reaction.     

TiO2/SiO2复合材料的制备及光催化性能

通过TiCl4水解与超细石英粉制备TiO2/SiO2复合材料,红外光谱表明TiO2与SiO2发生键合作用,形成了Si-O-Ti的网络结构,XRD结果表明TiO2/SiO2复合材料为锐钛矿晶型结构,透射电镜结果表明复合粒子之间有团聚现象.以TiO2/SiO2复合材料对甲基橙进行降解,光催化120min可达到69％的降解率...