ICP-AES测定铁钕合金中Ho、Er、Tb、Tm、Cu、Mo、Nb等7种杂质元素

采用ICP－AES法同时测定了铁钕合金中Ho、Er、Tb、Tm、Cu、Mo、Nb等7种杂质元素。研究了基体元素铁、主量元素钕、镝、钴、硼对杂质元素的光谱干扰情况；选择了合适的分析线；测定了分析方法的检出限。加入回收率为90．0％－108．0％。方法准确、快速、简便。     

ICP-AES法同时测定氯化锂和氢氧化锂中七种杂质元素

本文报导了用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法同时测定ＬｉＣｌ和ＬｉＯＨ·Ｈ２Ｏ中７种杂质元素Ａｌ、Ｂａ、Ｃａ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｓｉ、Ｚｎ的分析方法。研究了基体元素锂对被测元素的基体效应，采用基体匹配法与背景扣除法进行校正。被测元素的检出限为０．１－９．４ｎｇ／ｍＬ，加标试验回收率为９２％－１０９％，当杂质元素含量为０．０００１％－０．０２８％时，相对标准偏差小于７％。方法简便、快速、准确，用于样品分析，取得了满意的结果。     

ICP-AES测定高纯氧化钽中13种杂质元素

本文提出了基体匹配校准曲线，ICP－AES法直接测定高纯氧化钽中13种杂质元素的分析方法，并考察了光谱干扰以及基体效应的影响，确定了仪器最佳工作条件。结果表明：各元素的测定下限分别小于或等于0．0005％；相对标准偏差为1．8％－11．3％；回收率为92％－108％。     

ICP-AES法测定铝合金中的Sc

本文采用ICP－AES法测定铝合金中的Sc，并讨论了基体元素及共存元素对Sc的干扰，进行了酸度试验，采用盐酸和硝酸溶解试样，回收率为96．0％－101．0％，RSD为0．31％－0．59％，方法简便，可靠，可获得满意的分析结果。     

ICP—AES法测定高纯二氧化锆中痕量杂质

介绍了高纯二氧化锆中痕量杂质元素Ｆｅ，Ｎａ，Ｓｉ，Ｔｉ的ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定方法。样品以浓Ｈ２ＳＯ４及（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４溶解，采用空白背景校正法消除基体Ｚｒ的光谱干扰，以基体匹配法补偿基体效应。各元素平均回收率为９５％－１０６％，相对标准偏差为１．３％－３．０％。     

金属铝中杂质元素的测定及其基体影响的研讨

提出了一种能同时测定金属铝中杂质元素Ｃｕ＇Ｍｎ，Ｍｇ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｎｉ，Ｖ，Ｔｉ，Ｆｅ，Ｓ的ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ分析方法，实验考察了金属铝基体，共存元素、不同溶剂等因素驿分析元素测试结果的影响，选择了仪器最佳工作条件。结果表明，当金属铝基体的纯度为９６．００％－９９．９０％时，分析元素的回收率在９５－１０５．０５之间。相对标准偏差ＲＳＤ均小于０．５％。在金属铝进出口商品检验中已获得满意的结果。     

ICP-AES法测定铁钕合金中主量元素钕及7种杂质元素的研究

用ICP－AES法同时测定了铁钕合金中主量元素钕及Al、Si、Mn、Cr、Mg、Zr、Ca等7种杂质元素。研究了基体元素铁、主量元素钕对杂质元素的光谱干扰,选择了合适的分析线和内标线,测定了分析方法的检出限,回收率为87％－113％。方法准确、快速、简便,结果令人满意。     

出口镁质耐火材料的ICP-AES测定

本文采用和LI2B4O7熔样、MgO基体匹配、ICP－AES法同时测定出口镁质耐火材料的主要成分及杂质元素。RSD＜2．7％，加标回收率为97．6％。方法快速、简便，结果准确。     

高纯La-Ni-Al合金成分及杂质元素的分析方法研究

叙述了镧－镍－铝（La-Ni-Al)合金分镍、铝及微量杂质元素锌、铁、锰、镁、硅、铜和钙的ICP－AES测定方法。样品以HNO3（1＋1）溶解,稀释后直接测定主量元素镍和铝;用基体匹配法补偿基体效应测定其他杂质元素。各元素回收率在95％－106％,相对标准偏差优于5％。     

ICP-AES测定镁合金中的痕量Zr、Fe、Ni

用ICP－AES同时测定了镁合金中痕量Zr,Fe,Ni等杂质元素，不采用基体匹配法，研究了基体元素和共存元素对分析元素的光谱干扰，并进行了加入回收试验，精密度试验和方法检出限的测定。方法准确可靠，简便快速。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.