原子吸收光谱间接测定胱氨酸的研究

胱氨酸(Cystine,Cys)在碱性条件下与新生成的ZnS悬浮液反应,生成可溶性碱式胱氨酸锌配合物,再用塞曼原子吸收光谱测定溶液中的总锌浓度即可间接的得到胱氨酸的含量.优化了测定的条件,在pH 9.40的2%硼砂底液中于室温下,使胱氨酸试液与新生成的ZnS悬浮液反应20min,离心分离后测定上层清液锌的FAAS响应.在所选定的条件下胱氨酸测定的线性浓度范围为0-450μg·mL-1,特征浓度为4.40μg·mL-1,检出限为4.20μg·mL-1.该法用于样品中的胱氨酸测定,其相对标准偏差RSD为4.45%(n=7),方法的回收率在70.8%-105.8%之间.并对测定机理进行了探讨.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法间接测定谷氨酸

提出了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法间接测定调味品中谷氨酸的新方法.在碱性条件下,谷氨酸可以与ZnS悬浮液生成可溶性谷氨酸锌络合物,离心分离后用原子荧光光谱法测定上层清液中的锌,从而间接测定谷氨酸.方法的线性范围为0.42-4.00g·L-1;相对标准偏差(RSD)为7.9％;检出限为0.14g·L-1;回收率为85％-9...     

原子吸收光谱间接测定碱式胱氨酸锌配合物的稳定常数

利用硫化锌法火焰原子吸收间接测定胱氨酸(Cystine,Cys-Cys)。在碱性条件下,胱氨酸能与硫化锌悬浮液反应生成可溶性碱式胱氨酸锌配位化合物,在pH9·40时达到最大浓度,原子吸收光谱法测定了最大浓度时的配合物含量,并对碱式胱氨酸锌稳定常数进行了测定和理论计算。碱式胱氨酸锌的稳定常数平均值β稳为9·916×1032,其logβ稳=32·996。表明原子吸收光谱不仅可用于微量元素的测定和有机化合物的间接测定,同时也可进行配合离子的物理形态、物理常数的研究和测定。     

二阶导数荧光分光光度法同时测定色氨酸和酪氨酸

本文描述了用二阶导数荧光光度法同时测定色氨酸和酪氨酸.在pH 7.4的条件下,用221 nm作为激发波长,记录色氨酸和酪氨酸的发射光谱,并进行二阶导数处理.色氨酸在318 nm处,酪氨酸在283 nm处,二阶导数峰高与浓度成线性关系.色氨酸工作曲线的线性回归方程为c＝0.000 7H-0.004,r＝0.996 4,线性范围为0.004到0.200 μg.mL-1.酪氨酸工作曲线的线性回归方程为c＝0.001 2H-0.004 0,r＝0.997 1.线性范围为0.002到0.250 μg.mL-1.实验了pH、温度和干扰离子对测定的影响,测定了苹果中的色氨酸和酪氨酸的含量,回收率分别为(92.0～104.0)%和(98.70～102.0)%,相对标准偏差分别为3.5%和2.8%.     

Triton X-100微乳液中铈与L-色氨酸荧光反应的研究与应用

研究了Triton X-100微乳液(Triton X-100-M)对荧光法测定L-色氨酸的增敏作用。在酸性条件中Ce4+可将色氨酸氧化为强荧光性物质,以此为基础建立了分析色氨酸的新方法。与Triton X-100胶束相比,Triton X-100微乳液对荧光法测定L-色氨酸具有更好的增敏作用,在该介质中测定灵敏度提高了225倍。实验中对影响荧光测定的各种因素进行了优化,同时考察了共存离子的干扰并做了回收试验,对荧光增敏机理也进行了初步探讨。试验结果表明：在优化条件下,色氨酸浓度在0.1～1.0 μg·mL-1范围内与荧光强度成线形关系,其线性方程为F=342.37+30.45c,r=0.998 4,检出限为0.09 μg·mL-1。在优化参数条件下,对实际样品进行分析,结果令人满意。     

微波消解原子吸收法测定骨头中的汞和硒

采用微波消解 ,定量进样氯化亚锡还原冷原子吸收法测定汞 ,流动注射硼氢化钠还原原子吸收法测定硒的方法 ,测定了实验大鼠股骨中汞和硒的含量。讨论了样品的前处理过程对测定结果的影响 ,对硒的测定条件 :硼氢化钠浓度、溶液酸度和载液酸度等条件进行了优化。实验显示 ,检出限汞为 1 6 5ng·mL-1,硒为 1 78ng·mL-1;相对标准偏差汞为 4 1% ,硒为 3 6 % ;线性范围汞为 0～ 12 0ng·mL-1,硒为 0～ 5 0ng·mL-1;回收率汞为 93 72 %～ 10 1 8% ,硒为 95 5 3%～ 10 2 2 %     

环境水体中铅的快速测定方法研究

研究在六次甲基四胺缓冲溶液的介质中,乙醇存在下,铅与甲基百里香酚蓝的快速显色反应体系。显色反应生成一种蓝色络合物,其最大吸收波长为605nm。在优化的实验条件下,铅含量在0—10.0mg·mL-1范围内符合比耳定律,方法检出限为0.2mg·mL-1。对实际样品进行分析,结果令人满意。     

壳聚糖富集-火焰原子吸收法测定痕量银

研究了天然高分子吸附剂-壳聚糖对银离子的吸附行为以及在不同pH值、干扰离子存在时对壳聚糖吸附银离子的影响,通过选择最佳吸附条件,建立了壳聚糖富集-火焰原子吸收法测定银的方法。当溶液pH 6.0、流速为1 mL·min-1时,吸附率最高,达96.7%,静态饱和吸附量为97.8 mg·g-1。用1 mol·L-1 H₂SO₄作为洗脱剂,洗脱效果最好。壳聚糖不吸附K+,Na+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Mn2+,富集时可与被测银离子分离,不干扰测定。100 mg·mL-1的Al3+,Cr3+,80 mg·mL-1的Ni2+,Cu2+,Pb2+,Zn2+虽然可被壳聚糖吸附, 但不干扰测定。用此方法对实验室含银(1.83 μg·mL-1)废水中的Ag进行测定,回收率为94.3%。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定汾河太原段沉积物中镉

研究了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定沉积物中痕量镉的适宜条件.考察了镉信号增强剂、常用酸及酸度和还原剂用量对测定的影响,优选了仪器条件.结果表明,镉发生氢化物反应条件为酸性介质;1.5%盐酸作载流,硼氢化钾还原剂浓度为25.0g·L-1,载气流量为500mL·min-1,主阴极灯电流为50-60mA,原子化器高度为16mm,荧光强度较大且稳定.在最佳测定条件下,其线性范围在0-5μg·mL-1,相关系数r＞0.9990,最低检出浓度为0.0070ng·L-1,相对标准偏差为2.7%-5.6%,回收率为89.01%-117.0%,用于沉积物中镉的测定,结果令人满意.     

紫外光谱法同时测定卤水海产品中I和IO_3~-

样品中I-被溴水氧化成IO-3,用甲酸除去多余的溴水,在磷酸介质中IO-3与过量的I-生成I-3;样品中的IO-3在磷酸介质中直接与加入的过量I-生成I-3,I-3在350和288nm具有强吸收,且吸光度与I-3的浓度在一定的范围内具有线性关系。通过测定样品氧化前后的吸光度分别得到样品中I-和IO-3总量以及IO-3的量,差减法得到I-的量,建立了自身紫外光谱法快速方便地测定卤水和海产品中的I和IO-3。讨论了溴水、甲酸、磷酸和碘化钾的加入量以及光照、反应时间、反应温度对测定的影响,优化试剂条件是:对测定I-的体系,加入3%溴水溶液2滴,10%甲酸溶液0.5mL,20%磷酸溶液4mL,100g·L-1 KI溶液1mL;对测定IO-3的体系,加入20%磷酸溶液0.2mL,100g·L-1 KI溶液1mL。室温避光条件下反应30min测定体系吸光度。在优化条件下,I和IO-3的浓度分别在0~1.2mg·L-1与0~1.5mg·L-1的范围内符合朗伯-比尔定律。对样品空白平行测定12次,得到I-和IO-3的检出限分别是1.54和14.8μg·L-1。对0.8mg·L-1的I和IO-3平行测定12次,相对标准偏差分别是0.097%和0.067%。用建立的方法直接测定了扎布耶卤水、洪峰地下卤水中的I-和IO-3,并且采用碱式消解测定了海带、紫菜、海白菜中I-和IO-3,同时进行了样品加标回收实验,I-和IO-3回收率均在80%~120%之间,测定结果符合分析化学检测要求。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.