强激光条件下5CB液晶中的激光诱导衍射环现象

强激光经5CB液晶传播时会产生非线性自相位调制现象,利用532 nm和1 064 nmCW激光研究了强激光条件下5CB液晶中的激光诱导衍射环现象,并对强激光在5CB液晶中产生自相位调制的现象和机理进行了讨论.当532 nm激光和1 064 nm激光功率密度分别大于10 kW/cm2和300W/cm2时,接收白屏上有较明...     

用于光互连的一种非线性调制光栅

将液晶夹在表面刻有浮雕型光栅的两玻璃平板间,构成一种非线性调制光栅。514．5nm波长的Ar离子激光入射到光栅上,光强变化可调制光栅的三级布拉格衍射效率。     

聚对苯撑乙烯衍生物/氯仿溶液的自衍射及光限幅特性的研究

用532 nm基模高斯光束对2-甲氧基5-丁氧基取代聚对苯撑乙烯的氯仿溶液进行激光诱导衍射实验及光限幅特性的研究.实验发现,当高斯光束通过样品溶液时,在远场处出现衍射环;随着入射功率的增大,衍射图案会发生显著的变化.理论分析表明,该现象可以用光克尔效应、热效应作用下的附加相位孔对入射光束的衍射行为来解释.还进一步研究了532 nm激光作用下样品溶液的光限幅特性,根据实验结果分析得出:由热效应引起的自衍射是产生光限幅特性的主要机制.     

C60掺杂向列相液晶薄膜的激光诱导自衍射现象研究

利用Kirchhoff-Fraunhofer衍射积分原理研究了实验中观察到的C60掺杂垂直排列向列相液晶(5CB)液晶薄膜的远场衍射图样.模拟计算结果表明:实验中观察到的衍射圆环是不同实验参数的结果,并给出了确定衍射圆环结构的主要参数C1和C2.当C1和C2的符号相同时,远场会出现中心强度最大,向外逐渐减弱,分布尺度较小的细衍射环;当C1和C2的符号相反时,远场会出现中央较暗,向外逐渐增强,分布尺度较大的粗衍射环.衍射圆环的产生可由高斯光束通过非线性样品是引起附加相位的自相位调制现象来解释.将使液晶材料应用于光限幅等光子学领域.     

有机聚合物薄膜激光诱导相位孔衍射的实验和理论

实验发现当一束较强的抽运激光(526nm)与一束较弱的探测激光(6328nm)相交通过非线性 介质薄膜(聚吡咯甲烯/聚乙烯醇薄膜)时,在探测光束的远场产生了中心为亮斑,近场中心 为暗斑的多个同心衍射环.从菲涅耳-基尔霍夫衍射积分公式出发,理论分析了产生这种现象 的原因是抽运光在非线性介质中诱导的相位孔对探测光的衍射效应.通过数值积分,计算结 果与实验结果符合. 关键词： 聚合物非线性光学薄膜 抽运-探测 激光诱导衍射     

LD侧面泵浦Nd:GdVO4 532 nm绿光激光器

为了获得高功率窄脉宽532 nm绿光激光输出,通过高重复频率声光驱动调Q技术和LD侧面泵浦Nd∶GdVO4技术,获得高功率线偏振1 064 nm激光输出.采用内腔倍频方式,对非线性晶体KTP进行频率变换,实现高功率窄脉宽绿光激光输出.在电源输入电流30 A,调Q驱动频率10 kHz的条件下,获得最高功率30 W线偏振1 064 nm激光输出,脉宽30 ns,倍频KTP晶体获得23.4 W的532 nm绿光输出,1 064 nm到532 nm转化效率为78％.实验结果表明:通过声光调Q技术和LD侧面泵浦Nd∶GdVO4技术,可以实现高功率线偏振窄脉宽1 064 nm激光输出,倍频非线性晶体KTP可获得高功率窄脉宽532 nm激光.     

激光波长对水中金属元素激光诱导击穿光谱探测的影响

针对激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)在海洋应用中的问题,对1 064和532nm两个激发波长下水中LIBS光谱特性进行探测分析,以比较其烧蚀效果。通过激光诱导等离子体的时间分辨光谱,分析水下等离子体电子密度随时间的演化规律,1 064nm激光诱导等离子体寿命约为1 200ns,而532nm激光激发情况下等离子体寿命仅约为600ns。基于光在水中的传输特性和LIBS的实验结果,建立了获得最佳LIBS探测效果所需的入水前激光脉冲能量Eiopt(r)与探测距离r的关系,并应用到水下原位探测的模拟分析。结果表明,当探测距离不大于5cm时,所需的入水前1 064nm激光单脉冲能量小于100mJ,该激发波长可用于LIBS的水下探测;当探测距离增至10cm时,所需的入水前532nm激光单脉冲能量只需30mJ左右。因此,当原位探测距离增加时,则需考虑选择532nm激光作为烧蚀光源。     

钛酸镧薄膜在1064nm/532nm波长激光辐照下的光学特性

采用热蒸发沉积技术制备了钛酸镧(H4)薄膜,研究了1 064nm和532nm波长激光诱导辐照处理后的薄膜折射率、消光系数、激光损伤阈值和损伤过程变迁.结果表明:采用不同波长的激光辐照H4薄膜后,会使其折射率升高,但升高的幅度不大.用1 064nm的激光辐照处理,可将H4膜的激光损伤阈值从10.2J/cm~2提高到15.7J/cm~2(5脉冲辐照),而532nm激光辐照对样品损伤阈值的提高效果不明显.同一样片,1 064nm激光的损伤阈值远远高于532nm的激光损伤阈值.1064nm激光辐照下,H4薄膜经历了轻微损伤、轻度损伤、重度损伤和极度损伤四个缓慢演变的阶段.而532nm激光辐照下,H4薄膜从未损伤到损伤是一个突变的过程,经历了重度损伤和极度损伤的演变阶段.     

LD侧面泵浦Nd∶GdVO4 532 nm绿光激光器

为了获得高功率窄脉宽532 nm绿光激光输出,通过高重复频率声光驱动调Q技术和LD侧面泵浦Nd∶GdVO4技术,获得高功率线偏振1 064 nm激光输出。采用内腔倍频方式,对非线性晶体KTP进行频率变换,实现高功率窄脉宽绿光激光输出。在电源输入电流30 A,调Q驱动频率10 kHz的条件下,获得最高功率30 W线偏振1 064 nm激光输出,脉宽30 ns,倍频KTP晶体获得23.4 W的532 nm绿光输出,1 064 nm到532 nm转化效率为78%。实验结果表明:通过声光调Q技术和LD侧面泵浦Nd∶GdVO4技术,可以实现高功率线偏振窄脉宽1 064 nm激光输出,倍频非线性晶体KTP可获得高功率窄脉宽532 nm激光。     

532和1 064 nm激光的水下LIBS探测对比研究

海洋是国家可持续发展的战略要地,迫切需要海洋探测技术的快速发展,光谱类的化学传感器由于具有原位、非接触和长期探测的优势日益成为研究热点。为了将激光诱导击穿光谱（LIBS）技术应用于海洋原位探测,采用532和1 064 nm波长激光在能量分别为3和40 mj附近进行烧蚀,对比实验研究了532和1 064 nm激光作用下的LIBS击穿特性,并重点探讨了水下激光传输距离对LIBS信号的影响。结果显示,采用1 064 nm的激光能够获得更高的谱线强度和信背比,以及更长的等离子体寿命,但LIBS信号稳定性较差;受水体对不同波长激光能量衰减不同的影响,在水下传输距离2～5 cm范围内,随着1 064 nm激光能量的衰减LIBS信号衰减也很明显,而位于海水“透射窗口”的532 nm的激光LIBS信号基本保持不变。为今后LIBS海洋原位探测系统的开发提供了有价值的设计依据。     

Laser induced self-phase modulation in nematic liquid crystals and effects of applied dc electric field

We investigated the ring-pattern characteristic of self-phase modulation in a homeotropic nematic liquid crystal cell induced by a focused Ar-ion laser beam. Laser induced self-phase retardation versus incident angle was experimentally studied, and good agreement with theory was found. Effects of applied dc electric field on the ring-pattern were studied, to our knowledge, for the first time. When the electric field was below a critical value, laser induced self-phase retardation could be varied by changing the electric field strength. Above this value, irregular shaped diffraction pattern accompanied by intense light scattering was observed, which is attributable to honeycomb-like domain formation.     

向列相液晶中弱光引致各向异性衍射图样的研究

研究了弱线偏振光(≈0.16 W/cm²)通过垂直排列C₆₀掺杂的向列相液晶(5CB)薄膜的远场衍射图样.基于取向光折变机理,二波耦合使液晶分子进行二次取向之后,强度为高斯分布的光束通过样品时将形成高斯分布的空间电荷场,偏振光束通过样品时将产生偏振衍射图样.衍射图样的轮廓是同心圆环,在垂直于光的偏振方向有对称缺口.改变入射光的偏振方向可以看到衍射图样也随之改变, 有效非线性折射率系数n₂≈0.3cm²/W 关键词： 向列相液晶 取向光折变效应 自相位调制 衍射图样     

水冷10 Hz Yb:YAG激光放大器热管理

为了控制重频放大器的热致波前畸变,设计并加工了均匀冷却的背面水冷激活镜激光放大器,对放大器的热畸变特性开展了实验研究,实验发现在泵浦功率密度较高即重复频率达到10 Hz,平均功率密度达到200 W/cm2时,放大器的热畸变既影响远场分布又对近场产生显著的调制。近场的调制会给放大器带来较大的损伤风险。为了消除热畸变对近场的调制,首先对泵浦强度分布进行了匀化,然后对介质进行了边缘热平衡控制,消除了热畸变引起的近场调制。通过对上述因素的控制,采用水冷激活镜构型的四程放大器实现了在10 Hz频率下良好运行。在没有进行主动补偿的情况下,实现了远场焦斑优于5倍衍射极限的输出。     

Comparison of the higher diffraction order images in methyl-red-doped liquid crystal films

We investigate the change of higher diffraction order images in holographic image storage and reconstruction process. In experiments, an s-polarized Ar⁺ laser (488.0 nm) was used to record permanent grating in the dye-doped liquid crystal, 4,4′-n-entylcyanobiphenyl (5CB) doped with 1 wt% methyl-red (MR), at a small incident angle. Higher diffraction order images were observed when the signal beam was focused in front of and behind the film. Then the film was illuminated by an s-polarized He–Ne laser (632.8 nm) in the direction perpendicular to the surface. The higher diffraction order images were reconstructed. A theory about the change of higher diffraction order images is developed, which is in good agreement with experimental results. The results show that the higher diffraction order provides a useful method for optical information processing.     

Random lasing in dye-doped polymer dispersed liquid crystal film

A dye-doped polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film was designed and fabricated,and random lasing action was studied.A mixture of laser dye,nematic liquid crystal,chiral dopant,and PVA was used to prepare the dye-doped polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film by means of microcapsules.Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that most liquid crystal droplets in the polymer matrix ranged from 30 μm to 40 μm,the size of the liquid crystal droplets was small.Under frequency doubled 532 nm Nd:YAG laser-pumped optical excitation,a plurality of discrete and sharp random laser radiation peaks could be measured in the range of 575–590 nm.The line-width of the lasing peak was 0.2 nm and the threshold of the random lasing was 9 m J.Under heating,the emission peaks of random lasing disappeared.By detecting the emission light spot energy distribution,the mechanism of radiation was found to be random lasing.The random lasing radiation mechanism was then analyzed and discussed.Experimental results indicated that the size of the liquid crystal droplets is the decisive factor that influences the lasing mechanism.The surface anchor role can be ignored when the size of the liquid crystal droplets in the polymer matrix is small,which is beneficial to form multiple scattering.The transmission path of photons is similar to that in a ring cavity,providing feedback to obtain random lasing output.     

反射式液晶空间光调制器电控光束偏转

为获得较大的光束电控偏转范围,使用空间分辨力高达8 m的反射式液晶空间光调制器实现了对入射632 nm激光的电控偏转。利用双光束共焦干涉方法测量了液晶空间光调制器的电控相位延迟特性,最大相移量可达3。根据二元光学理论和器件的电控相位延迟特性,设计了周期台阶相位模式和相应的加载灰度图,以最大衍射效率实现对入射光束的闪耀电控偏转。结果表明:相位模式台阶数为8时,可以实现10 mrad的光束偏转,闪耀级次衍射效率可达46%。利用二元光学的衍射模型对影响衍射效率的关键因素进行了分析,认为器件较低的填充因子和周期台阶模式相位重置点诱导的指向矢回程区是限制光束衍射效率的主要因素。     

Higher-order diffraction images in photorefractive materials

We report some photorefractive higher-order diffraction phenomena of a liquid crystal polymer composite. The photorefractive composite consists of the polymer poly[N-vinylcarbazole] (PVK) doped with the chromophore 4,4′-n-entylcyanobiphenyl (5CB) and the sensitizer C₆₀. In two-wave coupling experiments, the signal beam was interfered by a mutually coherent reference beam within composite materials at a small incident angle. Results are given when the composite was placed behind the focal plane, in front of the focal plane, and in the focal plane. Higher-order diffraction images were obtained by amplification and reduction. A theory of the properties of higher-order diffraction images in a photorefractive liquid crystal polymer composite is developed. The theory is in good agreement with the results of experimental work. The experiments demonstrate the feasibility of optical image processing.     

Self-phase modulation in polydiacetylene single crystal measured at 720-1064nm

Detailed measurement of spectral broadening in a poly-[2, 4 hexadiyne-1, 6 diol-bis-(p -toluene sulfonate)] (PTS) single crystal owing to self-phase modulation was performed as a function of wavelength by use of a Ti:sapphire laser producing 200-fs pulses at 720-920 nm and a Nd:YAG laser producing 50-ps pulses at 1064 nm. The nonlinear refractive index (n(2)) of PTS at these wavelengths was determined from the measured phase shift. Group-velocity dispersion was estimated and found to have a negligible effect on the observed spectral broadening. The two-photon absorption coefficient (alpha(2)) over this wavelength range was determined from nonlinear transmission measurements. The largest magnitude of n(2) observed at 720 nm was 3.9x10(-5)cm (2)/MW . The results show that the magnitude of n(2) monotonically decreases as wavelength is increased away from resonance, and two-photon absorption does not make a significant contribution to n(2) at off-resonant wavelengths up to 1064 nm.     

KrF准分子激光退火氢化非晶碳化硅薄膜的晶化研究

介绍了利用KrF准分子脉冲激光对氢化非晶碳化硅(a-SiC∶H)薄膜进行激光退火以实现薄膜的结晶化。利用等离子增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)在单晶Si(100)衬底上制备a-SiC∶H薄膜, 再用不同能量密度的激光对薄膜样品进行退火。分析表明, 选用合适能量密度的激光退火能够实现a-SiC∶H薄膜的结晶化, 且结晶颗粒大小随着入射激光能量密度的增加而增大; 显微图表明当入射能量密度超过200 mJ/cm2时, 薄膜表面出现由热弹性波引起的表面波纹现象, a-SiC∶H薄膜结晶过程为液相结晶; 傅里叶红外谱(FTIR)表明随着入射能量密度增加, 薄膜中氢含量降低, Si-C峰增强并且峰位出现蓝移, 薄膜的结晶度提高。