碳化硅薄膜脉冲激光晶化特性研究

采用XeCl准分子激光对非晶碳化硅(a-SiC)薄膜的脉冲激光晶化特性进行了研究.通过原子力显微镜（AFM）和Raman光谱技术对退火前后薄膜样品的形貌、结构及物相特性进行了分析.结果表明，选用合适的激光能量采用激光退火技术能够实现a-SiC薄膜的纳米晶化.退火薄膜中的纳米颗粒大小随着激光能量密度的增加而增大；Raman谱分析结果显示了退火后的薄膜的晶态结构特性并给出了伴随退火过程存在的物相分凝现象.根据以上结果并结合激光退火特性，对a-SiC的脉冲激光晶化机理进行了讨论. 关键词： 激光退火 晶化 碳化硅     

光学薄膜激光预处理能量密度选取

采用Nd∶YAG三倍频激光对光学薄膜进行了预处理.实验发现三倍频激光预处理对薄膜的抗激光损伤能力有明显的影响,影响规律比较复杂,归纳得出合适激光预处理能量密度与测试激光能量密度有关.理论上借助杂质诱导薄膜损伤的概率统计模型,从激光预处理引起的激光微区退火以及形成微尺寸损伤两个主要方面着手,很好地解释了复杂的实验现象.总体上看,预处理激光能量密度低于激光退火所需临界能量密度时,预处理效果以负作用为主;预处理激光能量密度高于激光退火所需临界能量密度,且低于激光诱导薄膜微损伤所需临界能量密度时,预处理效果以改善薄膜抗激光损伤能力为主,预处理激光能量密度要尽量选在这个范围内;预处理激光能量密度高于激光诱导薄膜微损伤所需临界能量密度时,预处理效果同样以负作用为主.     

a-SiC:H薄膜的中子辐照研究

 用射频（13.56MHz）反应溅射法制备了a-SiC:H 薄膜，并将制得的薄膜采用高能中子（14MeV）进行辐照。采用电阻率、Raman谱及红外光谱对薄膜的结构与特性变化规律进行了表征。分析结果表明：所得a-SiC:H薄膜中存在多余的非晶态碳。随着中子辐照剂量的增加，a-SiC:H薄膜中SP-2C=C键增加，即其中的碳存在类石墨化的趋势。中子辐照后薄膜的电阻率的略微减小现象，可用缺陷对载流子的捕获模型进行解释。     

绝缘衬底上高密度均匀纳米硅量子点的形成与表面形貌

利用等离子体增强化学气相淀积技术，在绝缘氮化硅(SiNx)衬底上制备超薄非晶硅(aSi：H)薄膜，通过超短脉冲激光辐照与准静态常规热退火技术处理，制备出高密度、均匀纳米硅(ncSi)量子点.使用原子力显微镜对处理前后样品的表面形貌进行了研究，发现激光辐照能量密度增加的同时，所形成的ncSi尺寸也随之增加.在合适的能量密度范围内，可以得到面密度大于10.11cm^2、尺寸分布标准偏差小于20％的10 nm ncSi量子点薄膜，表明所制备的ncSi量子点具有较好的均匀性及较高的面密度.同时，对ncS i量子点 关键词： 纳米硅 激光诱导 尺寸分布     

γ射线辐照对a-SiC:H薄膜结构与特性的影响

 采用射频（13.56 MHz）反应溅射方法制备a-SiC:H 薄膜，并将其在空气中进行高能γ射线(平均为1.25 MeV)辐照，5个样品的吸收剂量分别为0，2×10⁴，4×10⁴，6×10⁴，8×10⁴ Gy。采用拉曼及红外光谱对薄膜的结构进行表征,得到了其结构与特性的变化规律。研究与分析表明：随样品吸收剂量的增加，陷入空穴中的电子会被激发，a-SiC:H薄膜中的SiC成份增加，电阻率变小，数量级为105Ω·cm；薄膜存在结晶化的趋势,其主要原因在于由Si－O－Si键断裂而产生的Si取代膜中C－C键中的C而形成晶态SiC，在此过程中出现了Si－O－Si键及a-SiC:H的减少，晶态SiC的增加。经γ射线辐照后薄膜的氢含量降低，折射率从5.19增大到5.53，辐照后薄膜的透过率均低于原膜的透过率。在500~2 300 cm^-1(对应波长为20.00~5.29 μm)波段内，a-SiC:H薄膜存在一定的增透作用。     

a-SiC_x:H/nc-Si:H多层薄膜的室温时间分辨光致可见发光

在等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)系统中,通过控制进入反应室的气体种类逐层沉积非晶SiCx∶H(a SiCx∶H)和非晶Si∶H(a Si∶H)薄膜,然后经过高温热退火处理,成功制备了晶化纳米a SiCx∶H/nc Si∶H(多晶SiC和纳米Si)多层薄膜。利用截面透射电子显微镜技术分析了a SiCx∶H/nc Si∶H多层薄膜的结构特性。通过对晶化样品的时间分辨光致发光谱的研究,结果表明:随着退火温度的升高,发光峰位置开始出现一些红移现象;当退火温度为900℃时,样品的发光强度和发光衰减时间分别达到最大值和最小值;随着退火温度的继续升高,发光峰位置又开始出现蓝移现象。由此探讨纳米a SiCx∶H/nc Si∶H多层薄膜的发光特性和发光机理。     

镱铒共掺Al2O3薄膜激光退火研究

讨论了激光退火工艺参量对镱铒共掺Al2O3薄膜表面形貌和退火均匀性的影响。薄膜样品被置放于衰减扩束透镜的3倍焦距位置时,薄膜上8 mm半径区域内近似均匀退火;退火时间为32 s时,表面形貌与退火前基本相同。阈值退火功率为5 W,最佳退火功率为20 W。对相同工艺制备的镱铒共掺Al2O3薄膜分别进行CO2激光退火和热退火处理,光致发光(PL)谱测量表明,前者峰值强度比后者强10倍以上,并且热退火光致发光强度随抽运功率增加出现饱和、下降,而激光退火近似随抽运功率单调线性增强。     

脉冲激光沉积羟磷灰石成膜的研究

使用266 nm Nd-YAG激光(脉宽为4 ns,能量密度2J/cm2),以钛合金 作衬底,在温度为400～450℃条件下,分别选择真空、Ar、O2、H2O气为沉积环境进行H AP薄膜的制备,并通过红外光谱、Raman光谱、原子力显微镜对所获得的HAP薄膜进行表征。 测量分析表明：在该温度下,我们用脉冲激光法沉积出的HAP薄膜均匀性良好,表面无剥蚀 和层断,薄膜呈非晶态和结晶态的混合物; 水蒸汽的存在对HAP薄膜结晶程度有重要影响。     

入射能量对Au/Au(111)薄膜生长影响的分子动力学模拟

利用分子动力学模拟了Au原子在Au(111)表面低能沉积的动力学过程.采用嵌入原子方法的原子间相互作用势,通过对沉积层原子结构的分析和薄膜表面粗糙度、层覆盖率的计算,研究了沉积粒子能量对薄膜质量的影响及其机制.结果表明:当入射能量Ein25 eV时,沉积层和基体表层均呈现规则的单晶面心立方(111)表面的排列,沉积原子仅注入到基体最表面两层,随着入射能量的增加,薄膜表面粗糙度降低,薄膜越趋于层状生长,入射能量的增加有利于薄膜的成核和致密化;当Ein 25 eV时,沉积层表面原子结构出现了较为明显的晶界,沉积原子注入到基体表面第三层及以下,随着入射能量的增加,薄膜表面粗糙度增加,沉积层和基体表层原子排列越不规则,载能沉积会降低基体内部的稳定性,导致基体和薄膜内部缺陷的产生,降低薄膜质量.此外,当基体内部某层沉积原子数约等于该层总原子数的一半时,沉积原子将能穿过该层进入到基体内部更深层.     

衬底温度对PLD制备的Mo薄膜结构及表面形貌的影响

 运用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术在Si(100)基片上沉积了金属Mo薄膜。在激光重复频率2 Hz,能量密度5.2 J/cm²,本底真空10^－6 Pa的条件下,研究Mo薄膜的结构和表面形貌,讨论了衬底温度对薄膜形貌与结构的影响。原子力显微镜(AFM)图像和X射线小角衍射(XRD)分析表明,薄膜表面平整、光滑,均方根粗糙度小于2 nm。沉积温度对Mo薄膜结构和表面形貌影响较大,在373~573 K范围内随着温度升高,薄膜粗糙度变小,结晶程度变好。     

Effect of excimer laser annealing on the properties of ZnO thin film prepared by sol-gel method

Pristine ZnO thin films have been deposited with zinc acetate [Zn(CH₃COO)₂], mono-ethanolamine (stabilizer), and isopropanol solutions by sol-gel method. After deposition, pristine ZnO thin films have been irradiated by excimer laser (λ = 248, KrF) source with energy density of 50 mJ/cm² for 30 sec. The effect of excimer laser annealing on the optical and structural properties of ZnO thin films are investigated by photoluminescence and field emission scanning electron microscope. As-grown ZnO thin films show a huge peak of visible region and a wide full width at half maximum (FWHM) of UV region due to low quality with amorphous ZnO thin films. After KrF excimer laser annealing, ZnO thin films show intense near-band-edge (NBE) emission and weak deep-level emission. The optically improved pristine ZnO thin films have demonstrated that excimer laser annealing is novel treatment process at room temperature.     

Light Intensity Distribution in Laser Interference Crystallization by Using a Phase-shift Grating and Talbot Effect

Light intensity distribution in laser interference crystallization with an imperfect phase-shift grating is calculated and compared with that by a perfect one. The effect of zero-order defracted light on laser interference crystallization is analyzed in detail. The AFM images of a-Si∶H film irradiated by a KrF excimer pulsed laser have confirmed our calculated results. Longitudinal periodicity of light intensity distribution is discussed and compared with the Talbot Effect.     

激光晶化形成纳米硅材料的场电子发射性质研究

利用KrF准分子激光退火超薄非晶硅膜,并结合热退火技术制备了单层纳米硅薄膜并研究了薄膜的场电子发射性质.在晶化形成的纳米硅薄膜中可以观测到稳定的场电子发射现象,其开启电场从原始淀积的非晶硅薄膜的17V/μm降低到8.5V/μm,而场发射电流密度可以达到0.1mA/cm².激光晶化后形成的纳米硅材料的场电子发射特性的改善可以从薄膜表面形貌的改变以及高密度纳米硅的形成所导致的内部电场增强作用来解释. 关键词： 纳米硅 场发射 激光晶化     

Functional polyethylene glycol derivatives nanostructured thin films synthesized by matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation

We report the thin film deposition by matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) of a polymer conjugate with an hydrophilic sequence between metronidazole molecules that was covalently attached to both oligomer ends of carboxylate poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG 1.5-metronidazole). A pulsed KrF* excimer laser was used to deposit the drug-polymer composite films. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to demonstrate that MAPLE-transferred materials exhibited chemical properties similar to the starting materials. The dependence of the surface morphology on incident laser fluence is given.     

Effect of hydrogen on surface texturing and crystallization of a-Si:H thin film irradiated by excimer laser

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin films have been considered for use in solar cell applications because of their significantly reduced cost compared to crystalline bulk silicon. However, their overall efficiency and stability are lower than that of their bulk crystalline counterpart. Limited work has been performed on simultaneously solving the efficiency and stability issues of a-Si:H. Previous work has shown that surface texturing and crystallization on a-Si:H thin film can be achieved through a single-step laser processing, which can potentially alleviate the disadvantages of a-Si:H in solar cell applications. In this study, hydrogenated and dehydrogenated amorphous silicon thin films deposited on glass substrates were irradiated by KrF excimer laser pulses and the effect of hydrogen on surface morphologies and microstructures is discussed. Sharp spikes are focused only on hydrogenated films, and the large-grained and fine-grained regions caused by two crystallization processes are also induced by presence of hydrogen. Enhanced light absorptance is observed due to light trapping based on surface geometry changes of a-Si:H films, while the formation of a mixture of nanocrystalline silicon and original amorphous silicon after crystallization suggests that the overall material stability can potentially improve. The relationship between crystallinity, fluence and number of pulses is also investigated. Furthermore, a step-by-step crystallization process is introduced to prevent the hydrogen from diffusing out in order to reduce the defect density, and the relationship between residue hydrogen concentration, fluence and step width is discussed. Finally, the combined effects show that the single-step process of surface texturing and step-by-step crystallization induced by excimer laser processing are promising for a-Si:H thin-film solar cell applications.     

PROPERITES OF HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS SILICON CARBIDE FILMS IRRADIATED BY EXCIMER PULSE LASER

A series of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide film (a-SiC:H) were prepared by rf plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition method. The optical band gap(E^opt_g) of the films can be extended to 2.6eV. The as-deposited alma were then irradiated by a KrF excimer laser. During the irradiation process, hydrogen escaped out of the films, and the structure of the films was changed from an amorphous phase to mixed phases of nanocrystallites of silicon and amorphous silicon carbide. The room-temperature dark conductivity of the laser irradiated films is 6-7 orders of magnitude larger than that of the as-deposited films, which was attributed to the modification of the conductivity mechanism resulting from the structural change.     

Matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation processing of triacetate-pullulan polysaccharide thin films for drug delivery systems

We report the first successful deposition of triacetate-pullulan polysaccharide thin films by matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation. We used a KrF* excimer laser source (λ = 248 nm, τ ≈ 20 ns) operated at a repetition rate of 10 Hz. We demonstrated by FTIR that our thin films are composed of triacetate-pullulan maintaining its chemical structure and functionality. The dependence on incident laser fluence of the induced surface morphology is analysed.     

Light Intensity Distribution in Laser Interference Crystallization by Using a Phase shift Grating and Talbot Effect

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Optical and structural properties of calix[4]arene thin films elaborated by pulsed laser deposition

p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene thin films were elaborated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) using a KrF excimer laser with fluences from 0.13 to 1 J/cm². The conservation of the molecule composition and conformation, as verified by FTIR, is obtained for fluences lower than about 0.45 J/cm². The refractive indices and thicknesses were measured by m-lines spectroscopy. The refractive indices have a step profile and are higher than for films elaborated by thermal evaporation. At higher fluences, the molecule conformation is changed and the step index profile is no longer valid. The effect of annealing on surface morphology and crystallization was studied by AFM and XRD. PACS 81.15.Fg; 81.05.Lg; 33.20.Ea; 78.20 Ci