基于委托代理模型的岗位竞聘问题的研究

将委托代理模型引入岗位竞聘问题中,并在两阶段委托代理模型中引入审核机制,首先建立了岗位竞聘问题的单阶段委托代理模型,然后通过建立两阶段的委托代理模型来促使代理人讲真话,最后引入事前审核机制进一步优化岗位竞聘问题.分析表明契约本身具有鉴别代理人类型的功能,但要在契约签订之后才显现出来,在契约签订之前进行审核可以以一定的概率显示代理人真实类型,但需要支付一定的成本,委托人需要进行利益权衡选择审核与否.     

委托代理制度下企业和代理人的最优策略研究

本文研究了存在信息不对称和委托代理冲突时企业的最优投资时刻,工资策略和代理人的最优努力程度选取问题.已知企业拥有对某项目的投资选择权,由于专业技术的限制,股东将委托代理者经营此投资项目.投资后,该项目产生两部分价值,一部分可被股东获知且和投资时刻相关,另一部分只有代理人能观察到,且这部分价值的分布和代理人的努力程度相关...     

基于二层规划模型满意度的委托代理问题求解

主要基于二层规划问题研究非对称信息条件下的委托代理问题,分析委托人如何设计最优激励契约来与代理人达到双赢决策策略.具体思路如下:考虑到代理人对自身利益的追求,将代理人的效益函数与委托人的效益函数放置同一层构成双目标上层问题进行讨论,然后从不同权重条件下的弱有效解序列中寻找使得委托人和代理人都可接受的满意契约,实现双方共赢的目的.     

基于双边风险厌恶及存在监督的委托-代理模型研究

研究了委托人与代理人双边风险厌恶及存在监督情形下的委托-代理问题.结论表明非对称信息下最优风险分担系数是委托人风险厌恶程度的递增函数,是代理人风险厌恶程度的递减函数,代理人努力水平是其风险厌恶程度的递减函数.监督措施的存在提高了对代理人的激励强度.     

信息不对称时基于过度自信代理人的工资契约研究

非对称信息条件下建立了具有过度自信代理人的委托代理模型.基于模型讨论了代理人过度自信行为对其自身努力水平及委托人利润的影响,得出:与对称信息情形相比,信息不对称条件下,代理人的努力程度更低,委托人利润也会减少.代理人的过度自信特征能降低信息不对称对委托人的不利影响,因而后者更愿意选择过度自信程度高的代理人合作.     

代理人在职消费对动态多任务激励契约的影响

将代理人的在职消费行为引入到动态多任务委托代理框架中,构造了代理人在职消费行为下的两阶段多任务模型,分析了代理人在职消费行为对动态多任务激励契约的影响.研究结果表明:一是任务为两阶段时,无论代理人有无在职消费行为,代理人的努力程度随着时间均呈上升趋势,这就表明当委托人在设计契约时,如果委托人期望代理人在第一阶段的努力水平不低于第二阶段的努力水平,就需要适当提高第一阶段的业绩薪酬系数;二是代理人在职消费自利行为并不一定会提高自身的努力程度,需要依据在职消费行为对绩效的影响情形来具体分析;三是在两阶段内,代理人存在在职消费时,委托人可适当降低业绩薪酬系数.     

基于委托—代理下的模糊报童问题

在委托-代理关系中.代理人的私人信息对委托人的决策会产生重要影响.因此,为了获取代理人的真实信息.设计一个有效的激励机制是委托人的核心问题.本文基于需求依赖于代理人的努力水平和模糊市场条件的假设,利用委托一代理相关理论,探讨了模糊报童问题的激励机制问题.首先讨论了委托人最优产量的确定问题.然后分别给出了可观测和不可观测两种努力水平下的最优激励机制,最后分析了模糊市场条件对委托一代理双方利益的影响.     

代建制中委托代理的激励、监督与合谋防范

在推行代建制的过程中,信息的不对称不可避免,易引发道德风险,因而在当前相关法规和信用机制都不健全的情况下,如何有效保证政府投资人的利益备受关注.针对该问题,基于委托-代理理论和优化理论,突破传统的单变量建模方法,将严格监管、有效激励与合谋防范纳入政府代建项目管理的框架,分别建立了以努力变量为多维变量的激励合同和监管模型,以及项目管理公司与承包商之间的合谋防范模型.最终建立了由政府投资人、项目管理公司及承包商等三大主体组成代建制的委托代理体系.     

具有竞争关系的多参与人委托代理问题研究

针对多委托人一多代理人委托代理问题,本文在多委托人之间和多代理人之间均存在竞争关系情形下,建立了非对称信息委托代理模型.分析表明,代理人努力水平对其产出的作用越敏感,代理人和委托人都越愿意付出更多努力;当委托人业务能力高低对代理人的影响较敏感时,委托人更愿意花心思去提高业务能力;委托一代理关系中的任何一方竞争过于激烈时会被处于委托一代理关系中的另一方利用.     

委托-代理理论在保险代理激励机制中的应用

本文将委托 代理模型应用于保险人与保险代理人之间的激励机制中 ,在外生环境服从指数分布的随机变量时 ,针对对称信息与不对称信息情况分别进行讨论 .     

基于多层委托—代理关系的环境规制研究

环境规制中企业、政府和环境规制机构三者之间的博弈关系是影响环境污染治理的重要因素。本文运用博弈论原理,分析了信息不对称下规制机构与企业合谋的可能与政府监管的必要,将环境规制划分为规制合约的设计与选择、执行与监管两个阶段,构建了多阶段的委托代理模型,考察了政府合约设计和监管、环境规制机构与企业合谋的因素,得到了环境规制中影响行为主体的关键政策变量,并提出了相应的政策建议。     

Component commonality under no-holdback allocation rules

We study the value of component commonality in assemble-to-order systems under no-holdback allocation rules. We prove that the total product backorder and on-hand component inventory decrease with probability one as the degree of commonality increases; however, the average cost may not decrease unless a certain cost symmetric condition is imposed.     

固定经营期下基于运行绩效的PPP项目服务价格形成机制研究

本文研究PPP项目价格形成机制、补偿机制及其社会效率。首先,分析了招投标制度下固定经营期PPP项目服务价格形成机制及其不足。其次,基于成本与运行绩效的PPP项目定价规制及可行性缺口补贴思想,建立模型分析实施机构可观察PPP项目服务成本时的定价水平和可行性缺口补贴标准;当实施机构无法准确掌握项目公司的运行成本时,通过制度设计诱导社会投资者上报真实的运行成本和运行绩效以获得最大净现值。分析表明,当PPP项目服务需求弹性较大同时有可行性缺口补贴政策时,政府进行价格规制时项目净现值高于不规制时的净现值。文章通过实例验证了成本信息是否可观察两种情形下PPP项目的服务价格水平、运行绩效、项目投资净现值及消费者剩余。为了避免PPP项目运行绩效下降和社会福利损失,政府应建立科学的监督激励机制,依据PPP项目服务成本与运行绩效的信息确定固定特许经营期下项目服务价格和可行性缺口补贴额度。     

An integrated product returns model with logistics and marketing coordination

We develop an integrated approach for analyzing logistics and marketing decisions within the context of designing an optimal returns system for a retailer servicing two distinct market segments. At the operational level, we show that the optimal refund price is not unique. Moreover, it is such that if both market segments return a purchased product, then neither segment will receive a full money-back refund; and it is such that if one or both segments do not return a purchased product, then a refund premium over the purchase price is possible, but the refund premium will not be enough to offset a customer's total net cost of purchase and return. We also show that any improvement to the returns system that results in increased logistical efficiency or marketing effectiveness will be accompanied by an increase in the selling price of the product. At the strategic level, we show that if the retailer does not coordinate its logistics and marketing efforts to improve the overall returns system, then it will tend to over-invest in one of the functions and under-invest in the other. Finally, we illustrate how our model can be generalized to the case in which a customer's ex post valuation of the product falls along a continuum.     

The impact of consumer returns policies on consignment contracts with inventory control

We consider a consignment contract with consumer non-defective returns behavior. In our model, an upstream vendor contracts with a downstream retailer. The vendor decides his consignment price charged to the retailer for each unit sold and his refund price for each returned item, and then the retailer sets her retail price for selling the product. The vendor gets paid based on net sold units and salvages unsold units as well as returned items in a secondary market. Under the framework, we study and compare two different consignment arrangements: the retailer/vendor manages consignment inventory (RMCI/VMCI) programs. To study the impact of return policy, we discuss a consignment contract without return policy as a benchmark. We show that whether or not the vendor offers a return policy, it is always beneficial for the channel to delegate the inventory decision to the vendor. We find that the vendor’s return policy depends crucially on the salvage value of returns. If the product has no salvage value, the vendor’s optimal decision is not to offer a return policy; otherwise, the vendor can gain more profit by offering a return policy when the salvage value turns out to be positive.     

The Value of Preference Information in Agency Relationships

Standard models of agency theory often assume that the principal has complete information about the preferences of the agent. This paper starts from the assumption of incomplete information on the agent&2018;s preferences and models a situation where the principal can obtain additional preference information before concluding a contract with the agent. We introduce the concept of a Value of Preference Information (VPI), which describes the benefits to the principal from obtaining such information. This information can be obtained either before or after the principal knows the precise structure of the decision problems which will be delegated to the agent. Analytic and simulation techniques are used to study factors influencing the VPI in these two situations.     

Channel incentives in sharing new product demand information and robust contracts

Demand for a new product is often highly uncertain. As the developer of a new product, the manufacturer may reduce the uncertainty of the product’s demand through observing progress in his product development process or receiving demand signals directly from customers. This paper first shows that a centralized channel always benefits from improved demand information. Yet, to realize this benefit in a decentralized manufacturer–retailer channel, the manufacturer needs to disclose his private demand information to the retailer. We show that the manufacturer’s incentive to share his improved demand information depends on the supply contract signed with the retailer. Furthermore, mandating the manufacturer to disclose his improved demand information can actually reduce the total channel profit. We provide managerial insights by analyzing three widely used contract forms. We investigate whether these contracts are robust under an unanticipated demand information update observed by the manufacturer. We show that the quantity flexibility contract with a high return rate is not robust. The buyback contract, however, is robust and always achieves information sharing while preserving channel performance.     

双重非对称信息下旅游服务供应链中的激励机制设计

旅游服务供应链中,旅行社与导游之间的信息非对称而导致的逆向选择和道德风险问题将损害旅行社的利益,因此,如何对导游进行有效甄别与激励是旅行社所要关注的一个重要问题。以导游的服务能力和努力水平两种私有信息不被旅行社所观察到,但其服务业绩可以被观测到为基础,利用博弈论与信息经济学等理论和方法设计了导游的服务能力为连续类型下的激励机制,运用最优化原理得出了最优激励机制参数。结果表明,旅行社应对不同服务能力的导游设计一揽子形式的不同的激励机制。双重非对称信息下的激励机制不仅能对导游起到自我选择的甄别作用,还能起到诱导导游提高工作努力水平的激励作用。     

监管宽容下资本展期的存款保险定价模型

存款保险制度可化解存款机构挤兑风险,从而保护了存款人利益.监管宽容的存款保险合约具有下列特征:在监管宽容范围内,若投保的存款机构在存款到期时无力偿还存款债务,并不立即对其破产清算,而允许其接受存款保险公司一定额度资金的救助.为准确厘定存款保险费率水平,本文在监管宽容假设上,进一步引入资本展期因素,即接受救助的存款机构继续运营至资本展期结束;若在资本展期期末仍然资不抵债则再对其破产清算.基于上述情景,并且将救助资金作为存款机构的或有债务纳入保费中,本文结果构建了监管宽容下资本展期的存款保险定价模型,并严格推证了监管宽容力度、资本展期期限与存款保险价格的变化关系.结论显示,监管越宽容、资本展期越长、存款保险的价格也应越高.最后,应用所构建的定价模型,进行了实例分析.     

Modelling ‘contracts’ between a terrorist group and a government in a sequential game

In this paper, we apply a sequential game to study the possibility of ‘contracts’ (or at least mutually beneficial arrangements) between a government and a terrorist group. We find equilibrium solutions for complete and incomplete information models, where the government defends and/or provides positive rent, and the terrorist group attacks. We also study the sensitivities of equilibria as a function of both players’ target valuations and preferences for rent. The contract option, if successful, may achieve (partial) attack deterrence, and significantly increase the payoffs not only for the government, but also for some types of terrorist groups. Our work thus provides some novel insights in combating terrorism.