Painleve方程的解析性质

Painleve方程是六类最重要的二阶代数常微分方程。虽然Painleve是从纯粹数学的考虑发现这些方程的，但如今它们与许多数学和物理问题密切相关，且许多解析的，代数的和几何的性质不断被发现。本文介绍Painleve方程解析理论的基本内容，包括解的亚纯性，有理解，Baecklund变换和某些进一步的结果，如高阶第二类Painleve方程的新研究，值分布性质以及一些未解决的问题，其中包括作者的一些新结果。     

（２＋１）维非线性色散长波方程的相似约化和解析解

首先借助于Ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃａ软件,将Ｃｌａｒｋｓｏｎ和Ｋｒｕｓｋａｌ引入的直接约化法推广并应用于（２＋１） 维偏微分方程组情形 （２＋１） 维非线性色散长波方程,获得了该方程的六种类型的相似约化和若干解析解,其中包括ＰａｉｎｌｅｖｅⅡ型方程和孤子解．然后基于文［５］的结论,通过引入新的级数变换,获得了该方程的有理分式解析解．这种方法也适合于其它的微分方程．     

KK方程和改进的Boussinesq方程的新精确解

应用改进的Fan's代数方法,得到了KK方程和改进的Boussinesq方程的一系列新精确解,包括孤立波解、类孤立波解、纽结波解、奇异纽结波解和三角函数周期解.     

组合KdV与MKdV方程的显式精确解

本文通过直接代数方法与假设方法的一种结合,求出了组合ＫｄＶ和ＭＫｄＶ方程的一些显式精确行波解．     

利用Darboux变换对KdV方程孤子解普遍性质的讨论

该文指出：利用Darboux变换不但可以非常简洁地得到文献［1］关于KdV方程单孤子解和双孤子解，而且便于讨论KdV方程的任意孤子解的性质．通过对KdV方程三孤子解的重点讨论，以及对KdV方程多孤子解的解析分析，得到了关于KdV方程任意阶孤子解的一些非常有意义的普遍结果．这些结果对于人们深入了解孤子相互作用规律具有重要的现实意义．     

波利亚的"问题解决"理论及其发展

"数学方法论主要是研究和讨论数学的发展规律、数学的思想方法以及数学中的发现、发明与创新等法则的一门学问."①关于数学方法论研究最早的一个较为完整和精彩的表述是法国数学家笛卡儿(Descartes,1596-1650)做出的,他在完成了具有划时代意义的<解析几何学>的创建工作之后,②提出了一个解决问题的"万能方法":首先,将问题转化为数学问题;然后,将数学问题转化为代数问题,并通过代数方法解决代数问题;最后,将代数问题的解反演为原问题的解.     

大气运动基本方程组的解析解

在已知大气运动基本方程于光滑函数类中具有最好的稳定性前提下,讨论了它的局部解的解空间构造．根据它的解空间构造,分析了这个方程具有代表性和应用性的第三初值问题,在解析函数类中给出了适定的第三初值问题的解析解的计算方法以及具体的关系表达式,在局部解意义下完整的解决了这一点初值问题的解析解所涉及的理论与计算问题．指出其它类型定解问题都可以仿照文中的计算方法和步骤,求出所需要的稳定的解析解．     

2+1维广义浅水波方程的类孤子解与周期解

该文基于一个Riccati方程组，提出了一个新的广义投影Ric cati展开法，该方法直接简单并能构造非线性微分方程更多的新的解析解。利用该算法研究了(2+1)维广义浅水波方程，并求得了许多新的精确解，包括类孤子解和周期解。该算法也能应用到其它非线性微分方程中。     

函数与方程思想在解题中的应用

函数描述了自然界中量的依存关系，是对问题本身的数量特征和制约关系的一种刻画，所以函数思想的实质是到除问题的非数学特征，用联系与变化的观点提出数学对象，抽象其数量特征，建立函数关系．与这种思想相联系的就是方程的思想．如果变量间的数量关系用解析式表示，则这个解析式又可以看作一个方程，通过解方程的方法或对方程进行研究，使问题得到解决，这就是函数与方程的思想．1利用函数与方程的思想求条件最值利用函数与方程的思想来解题表现为用函数与方程的语言和性质来观察处理问题．在函数思想指导下，可使许多数学问题的处理达…     

非线性不定方程的整数解

不定方程是数论中的一个课题,它的整数解问题是国内外数学竞赛的一种命题,常见的有两类:一类是需要求方程的整数解。另一类是证明方程无整数解。由于一次不定方程(组)问题许多书刊都作些探讨,这里不再赘述。本文仅对数学竞赛(特别是一些级别较高的竞赛)中常见的非线     

第二类Painlevé方程解的亚纯性

Painlevé方程是六类重要的二阶代数微分方程,它们的发展和性质一直受到人们的关注.本文给出第二类Painlevé方程解的亚纯性一个严格的证明.     

Solutions to Painleve III and other nonlinear equations by a generalized Cole–Hopf transformation

In this paper, we introduce a generalized form of Cole‐Hopf transformation and apply it to find new closed‐form (analytic) solutions to Painleve III equation. The same transformation is used then to find analytic solutions for the van der Pol and other nonlinear convective equations. These solutions provide analytic insights to some practical problems and might be used also to test the accuracy of numerical solutions. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

All Meromorphic Solutions of Some Algebraic Differential Equations

In this article, we introduce some results with respect to the integrality and exact solutions of some 2nd order algebraic DEs. We obtain the sufficient and necessary conditions of integrable and the general meromorphic solutions of these equations by the complex method, which improves the corresponding results obtained by many authors. Our results show that the complex method provides a powerful mathematical tool for solving a large number of nonlinear partial differential equations in mathematical physics.     

Sur les integrales premieres dans la classe de Nilsson d'equations differentielles holomorphes

We study two classes of holomorphic differential equations. The first one is constitued by elements admitting solutions defined in an algebraic way (the so called Liouville class) and the second of elements admitting solutions defined in an analytic way (the Nilsson class). We build up links between these two classes using special properties of the holonomy and its results on the monodromy.

     

Order one equations with the Painlevé property

Differential equations with the Painleve property have been studied extensively due to their appearance in many branches of mathematics and their applicability in physics. Although a modern, differential algebraic treatment of the order one equations appeared before, the connection with the classical theory did not. Using techniques from algebraic geometry we provide the link between the classical and the modern treatment, and with the help of differential Galois theory a new classification is derived, both for characteristic 0 and p.     

Deformations of algebraic curves and integrable nonlinear evolution equations

A brief exposition of applications of the methods of algebraic geometry to systems integrable by the IST method with variable spectral parameters is presented. Usually, theta-functional solutions for these systems are generated by some deformations of algebraic curves. The deformations of algebraic curves are also related with theta-functional solutions of Yang-Mills self-duality equations which contain special systems with a variable spectral parameter as a special reduction. Another important situation in which the deformations of algebraic curves naturally occur is the KdV equation with string-like boundary conditions. Most important concrete examples of systems integrable by the IST method with variable spectral parameter having different properties within a framework of the behavior of moduli of underlying curves, analytic properties of the Baker-Akhiezer functions, and the qualitative behavior of the solutions, are vacuum axially symmetric Einstein equations, the Heisenberg cylindrical magnet equation, the deformed Maxwell-Bloch system, and the cylindrical KP equation.Dedicated to the memory of J.-L. Verdier     

一类复代数微分方程解的解析式

利用亚纯函数的Nevanlinna值分布理论和微分代数知识,研究了一类高阶代数微分方程解的解析式问题,该类高阶微分方程解的解析式被得到.     

Conformally invariant fully nonlinear elliptic equations and isolated singularities

We study properties of solutions with isolated singularities to general conformally invariant fully nonlinear elliptic equations of second order. The properties being studied include radial symmetry and monotonicity of solutions in the punctured Euclidean space and the asymptotic behavior of solutions in a punctured ball. Some results apply to more general situations including more general fully nonlinear elliptic equations of second order, and some have been used in a companion paper to establish comparison principles and Liouville type theorems for degenerate elliptic equations.     

Analytic regularity for a class of semi-linear weakly hyperbolic equations of second order

A class of semi-linear weakly hyperbolic equations of second order in 1 space dimension is considered. Using the properties of the analytic functions we give energy estimates for the solutions and then we prove the propagation of the analytic regularity.