半正规n-极大子群对有限群结构的影响

设△↓n(G）为有限群G的n次极大子群的全体。1．若△↓4（G）中的子群均在G中半正规,则下述结论之一成立：（1）G是可解群;（2）G／φ（G）＝A5,（3）G/φ(G)=PSL(2,13);(4)G／φ（G）＝PSL（2,p),满足p=4p1 1=6p2-1,这里p1≥43,p2≥29;(5)G/φ(G)=PSL(2,p),满足p=6p1 1=4p2-1,这里p1≥7,p2≥11.2。2．设3不属于π（G）,若△↓（G）中的子群均在G中半正规,则G是可解群,或G／φ(G)=Sz(2^3).     

广义超特殊p-群的自同构群

确定了广义超特殊p-群G的自同构群的结构.假设｜G｜=p^2n＋m,｜ζG｜=p^m,其中n≥1,m≥2,（1）当p是奇数时,记AutG＇G={α∈AutG｜α在G上作用平凡},则（i）AutG＇G Aut G,Aut G/AutG＇G=～Zp-1;（ii）如果G的幂指数是p^m,那么AutG＇G/InnG=～Sp（2n,p）×Zp^m-1;（iii）如果G的幂指数是p^m＋1,那么AutG＇G/InnG=～（K×Sp（2n-2,p））×Zp^m-1,其中K是p^2n-1阶超特殊p-群.特别地,当n=1时,AutG＇G/Inn G=～Zp×Zp^m-1.（2）当p=2时,（i）如果G的幂指数是2^m,那么Out G=～Sp（2n,2）×Z2×Z2^m-2.特别地,当n=1时,｜Aut G｜=3·2^m＋2,Aut G的Sylow子群都不是正规子群,并且Aut G的Sylow 2-子群都同构于HK,其中H=Z2×Z2×Z2×Z2^m-2,K=Z2.（ii）如果G的幂指数是2^m＋1,那么OutG=～（ISp（2n2,2））×Z2×Z2^m-2,其中I是一个2^2n-1阶初等Abel 2-群.特别地,当n=1时,｜AutG｜=2^m＋2并且Aut G=～HK,其中H=Z2×Z2×Z2^m-1,K=Z2.     

p-幂零群的若干充分条件

群G的子群H称为半置换的，若对任意的K≤G，只要（｜H｜,｜K｜）=1．就有HK=KH，H称为s-半置换的，若对任意的p‖G｜,只要（p，｜H｜）=1，就有PH=HP，其中P∈Sylp（G）．本文利用Sylow子群的2-极大子群的s-半置换性得到有限群为p-幂零群的一些充分条件．     

2-(v,6,1)设计的可解区传递自同构群

设G是一个2-（v,6,1）设计的可解区传递自同构群,且G非旗传递,则：（1）v＝91,G=Z91×Zd,这里3|d|12;（2）v=pm,G≤AL（1,pm）,之一成立．其中p≠2．当p＝3时,4|m见且m＞4;当p＞5时,pm≡1（mod30）。     

关于一类极大子群的θ-偶

对于有限群G的极大子群M，令β（G：M）表示整除│G：M│的素因子个数，β（G）表示所有β（G；M）中的最大数．令μ（G）为使得β（G：M）=β（G）的极大子群的集合．通过对这一类极大子群的θ-偶赋予一定条件，得到了判断群G可解、超可解的新结果．     

s-半置换子群对有限群的p-超可解性的影响

群G的子群H称为半置换的,若对任意的K≤G,只要（｜H｜,｜K｜）=1,就有HK=KH．H称为s-半置换的,若对任意的p｜｜G｜,只要（p,｜H｜）=1,就有PH=HP,其中P∈Sylp（G）．本文研究Sylow子群的极大子群及极小子群的s-半置换性对有限群的p-超可解性的影响．     

具有TI亏群块的Alperin猜想问题

设P是一个素数，G是一个有限群B是G的一个p－块，其亏群为TI子群B是B在Brauer第一主要定理下的对应块．本文证明如下等价条件：（1）B和B有相同的常不可约特征标数；（2）B和B有相同的模不可约特征标数；（3）B和B的Cartan矩阵有相同重数的1作为它们的不变因子数；（4）Alperin猜想对B成立．     

非幂零真子群同阶类类数给定的有限群

作为Schmidt定理的推广,证明了:(1)非幂零真子群同阶类类数<3的有限群可解;(2)G为非幂零真子群同阶类类数=3的非可解群当且仅当G≌A_5或G≌SL_2(5).此外,完全分类了非平凡幂零子群同阶类类数≤5的非可解群和非平凡子群同阶类类数≤9的非可解群.     

无限对称群的正规子群

有限对称群Ｓｎ（ｎ≠４）非平凡的正规子群仅有一个交代群Ａｎ。无限集合Ｍ上的对称群ＳＭ则不是这样。本文的主要结果是：（１）确定了ＳＭ的全部正规子群，它们形成一个整序集；（２）ＳＭ正规子群的正规子群仍是ＳＭ的正规子群；（３）ＳＭ的正规子群是特征子群；（４）ＳＭ的正规子群（≠１）的自同构群与ＳＭ同构，ＳＭ是完全群。     

具有最大控制数的连勇图的刻画

设G为一个P阶图,γ（G）表示G的控制数。显然γ（G）≤[p/2]。本文的目的是刻画达到这个上界的连通图。主要结果：⑴当p为偶数时,γ（G）=p/2当且仅当G≌C4或者G为某连通图的冠;⑵当p为奇数时,γ（G）=p-1/2当且仅当G的每棵生成树为定理3.1中所示的两类树之一。     

OD-CHARACTERIZATION OF ALMOST SIMPLE GROUPS RELATED TO U6（2）

Let G be a finite group and π(G) = { p 1 , p 2 , ··· , p k } be the set of the primes dividing the order of G. We define its prime graph Γ(G) as follows. The vertex set of this graph is π(G), and two distinct vertices p, q are joined by an edge if and only if pq ∈π e (G). In this case, we write p ～ q. For p ∈π(G), put deg(p) := |{ q ∈π(G) | p ～ q }| , which is called the degree of p. We also define D(G) := (deg(p 1 ), deg(p 2 ), ··· , deg(p k )), where p 1 < p 2 < ··· < p k , which is called the degree pattern of G. We say a group G is k-fold OD-characterizable if there exist exactly k non-isomorphic finite groups with the same order and degree pattern as G. Specially, a 1-fold OD-characterizable group is simply called an OD-characterizable group. Let L := U 6 (2). In this article, we classify all finite groups with the same order and degree pattern as an almost simple groups related to L. In fact, we prove that L and L.2 are OD-characterizable, L.3 is 3-fold OD-characterizable, and L.S 3 is 5-fold OD-characterizable.     

一类不能作为自同构群的奇阶群

本文考虑如下问题：怎样的有限群可以作为另一个有限群的全自同构群？我们首先证明，若有限群Ｋ有一个正规Ｓｙｌｏｗｐ－子群使得｜Ｋ：Ｚ（Ｋ）｜ｐ＝ｐ２，那么Ｋ有２阶自同构．利用这个结果，我们证明了，若奇阶群Ｇ具有阶Ｐｓｍ（１≤ｓ≤３），ｐ为｜Ｇ｜的最小素因子，ｐｍ，ｍ无立方因子，则Ｇ不可能作为全自同构群．     

On same-invariant linear groups

A linear group G ≤ GL(V) is called same-invariant if the subspace of linear invariants V^g is one and the same for all g ∈ G, g ≠ 1. In this paper, we consider finite same-invariant linear groups of orders pq, (p, q) = 1, or p² over a field of characteristic p. Bibliography: 8 titles. __________ Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 321, 2005, pp. 224–239.     

Forms of certain hopf algebras

Let Ψ be a field, G a finite group of automorphisms of Ψ, and Φ the fixed field of G. Let H be a Hopf algebra over Ψ. For g ∈ G we define a Hopf algebra H_g which has the same underlying vector space as H and modified operations and show that the tensor product (over Ψ) ?_{g ∈ G} H_g has a Φ-form. As a consequence we see that if n>0 is an integer and Φ is a field of characteristic zero or p>0 with (n,p)=1, then there is a finite dimensional Hopf algebra over Φ with antipode of order 2n.     

有限CN-p-群

每个子群都C-正规的有限群称为CN-群.本文首先给出二元生成的CN-p-群的完全分类.在此基础上得到CN-p-群的结构:当p为奇素数时,有限群G为CNp-群当且仅当G的每个元都平凡地作用在Φ(G)上;有限群G为CN-2-群当且仅当对任意给定的a∈G,都有对任意g∈Φ(G),g~a=g或者对任意g∈Φ(G),g~a=g~(-1).最后给出两个CN-p-群的直积是CN-p-群的判定条件.     

Finite groups with an almost regular automorphism of order four

P. Shumyatsky’s question 11.126 in the “Kourovka Notebook” is answered in the affirmative: it is proved that there exist a constant c and a function of a positive integer argument f(m) such that if a finite group G admits an automorphism ϕ of order 4 having exactly m fixed points, then G has a normal series G ⩾ H ⩽ N such that |G/H| ⩽ f(m), the quotient group H/N is nilpotent of class ⩽ 2, and the subgroup N is nilpotent of class ⩽ c (Thm. 1). As a corollary we show that if a locally finite group G contains an element of order 4 with finite centralizer of order m, then G has the same kind of a series as in Theorem 1. Theorem 1 generalizes Kovács’ theorem on locally finite groups with a regular automorphism of order 4, whereby such groups are center-by-metabelian. Earlier, the first author proved that a finite 2-group with an almost regular automorphism of order 4 is almost center-by-metabelian. The proof of Theorem 1 is based on the authors’ previous works dealing in Lie rings with an almost regular automorphism of order 4. Reduction to nilpotent groups is carried out by using Hall-Higman type theorems. The proof also uses Theorem 2, which is of independent interest, stating that if a finite group S contains a nilpotent subgroup T of class c and index |S: T | = n, then S contains also a characteristic nilpotent subgroup of class ⩽ c whose index is bounded in terms of n and c. Previously, such an assertion has been known for Abelian subgroups, that is, for c = 1. __________ Translated from Algebra i Logika, Vol. 45, No. 5, pp. 575–602, September–October, 2006.     

剩余有限minimax 可解群的几乎正则自同构

设G 是一个剩余有限的minimax 可解群, α 是G 的几乎正则自同构, 则G/[G, α] 是有限群, 并且(1) 当α^p = 1 时, G 有一个指数有限的幂零群其幂零类不超过h(p), 其中h(p) 是只与素数p 有关的函数.(2) 当α² = 1 时, G 有一个指数有限的Abel 特征子群且[G, α]′ 是有限群.关键词剩余有限minimax 可解群几乎正则自同构     

幂零Hall π-子群的存在性

本文首先将Ｈａｌ定理推广为：设Ｎ为Ｇ的正规子群，若Ｎ为Ｅｎπ群，Ｇ／Ｎ为Ｄπ群，则Ｇ为Ｄπ群．在此基础上得到了群Ｇ为Ｅｎπ群的充要条件为：（１）Ｇ存在正规子群Ｎ，满足Ｎ及Ｇ／Ｎ为Ｅｎπ群；（２）对任意ｐ∈π，任意ｑ∈π ｛ｐ｝及任意ｐ 元素ｘ，ＣＧ（ｘ）含Ｇ的Ｓｙｌｏｗｑ 子群．另外，我们对非Ａｂｌｅ单群的情形也进行了一些讨论．     

On p-nilpotency and minimal subgroups of finite groups

We call a subgroup H of a finite group G c-supplemented in G if there exists a subgroup K of G such that G = HK and H ∩ K ≤ core(H). In this paper it is proved that a finite group G is p-nilpotent if G is S4-free and every minimal subgroup of P n GN is c-supplemented in NG(P), and when p = 2 P is quaternion-free, where p is the smallest prime number dividing the order of G, P a Sylow p-subgroup of G. As some applications of this result, some known results are generalized.