合成2-氟腺嘌呤的新方法

从2-氨基-6-氯嘌呤出发,通过叠氮化反应合成2-氨基-6-叠氮嘌呤(3),3在希曼反应中完成氟对氨基的取代得到2-氟-6-叠氮嘌呤(4),4的叠氮基被还原为氨基制备出目标化合物2-氟腺嘌呤,总收率39.3%。     

微波辐射下8-取代嘌呤核苷的绿色合成

8-溴嘌呤核苷与亲核试剂在水溶液中,于400W,95℃微波辐射5min合成了10种8-取代嘌呤核苷,收率72%～92%,其结构经1HNMR和13CNMR表征。     

5-去氮嘌呤核糖核苷类似物的设计与合成研究进展

综述了近年来有关5-去氮嘌呤核糖核苷类似物作为潜在生物活性(如抗病毒、抗肿瘤等)先导化合物的设计与合成研究进展.指出该类先导物的设计与合成主要基于以下两种途径:一是在去氮嘌呤碱基的4-位或5-位引入不同的取代基;二是在去氮嘌呤碱基的4-位或5-位引入不同取代基的同时,对核苷中的糖基进行修饰.并从这两种途径着手介绍了近年来该领域所取得的主要研究进展.     

4-氨基吡啶催化6-烷氧基取代嘌呤衍生物的合成

以6-氯嘌呤为底物,4-氨基吡啶为催化剂,甲醇为溶剂合成了6-烷氧基取代嘌呤化合物。 当反应条件为n(6-氯嘌呤)∶n(4-氨基吡啶)∶n(三乙胺)=10∶1∶4,回流反应5~7 h时,6-烷氧基嘌呤化合物的收率大于85%。 研究表明,体系中6-氯嘌呤、4-氨基吡啶和三乙胺的相对量对反应有很大影响,用4-氨基吡啶-三乙胺混合催化剂体系催化效果更好。     

新型5＇-脱氧核苷衍生物的合成

以1,2,3-O-三乙酰基-5-脱氧核糖和6-氯嘌呤为主要原料,经Silyl反应制得6-氯-9-(2,3-二-O-乙酰基-5-脱氧-β-D-呋喃核糖)嘌呤(1);1经水解或与亲核试剂经取代和水解反应合成了5个未见文献报道的6-取代-5’-脱氧核苷衍生物,其结构经1H NMR和MS表征。     

N9位芳基取代嘌呤-8-酮类衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

合成了一系列N9位芳基取代嘌呤-8-酮类衍生物, 利用核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)、 核磁共振碳谱(¹³C NMR)和高分辨质谱(HRMS)进行了结构确证. 采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法测定了目标化合物的体外抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性. 结果表明, 嘌呤酮环的C2位及N9位的取代对活性有较大影响, C2位引入对位由含氮六元环取代的苯胺, N9位引入对三氟甲基苯均有利于提高抗肿瘤活性. 化合物12c对人白血病细胞(K562)、 人前列腺癌细胞(PC-3)、 人乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)及人结肠癌细胞(HCT116)的抑制效果明显优于阳性对照药R-Roscovitine.     

新型2,6-二取代嘌呤衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以2,6-二氯嘌呤为原料,对其2-位和6-位进行结构修饰,合成了8个新型2,6-二胺嘌呤类衍生物(3a~3h),其结构经¹H NMR, IR和MS（ESI）表征。采用MTT法研究了3a~3h对人胃癌SGC-7901细胞的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明: 3a, 3b, 3c, 3g具有良好的抗肿瘤活性,其中3c（IC₅₀ 65.01 μmol·L^-1）对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901的抑制作用最强。     

无金属催化合成2,6-二氯嘌呤核苷和2-氯腺苷

提出了合成2,6-二氯嘌呤核苷和2-氯腺苷的新方法。 以商品化的2,6-二氯嘌呤和四乙酰核糖为原料,在5%(摩尔分数)三氟甲磺酸催化下,得到缩合物2',3',5'-三-O-乙酰基-2,6-二氯嘌呤核苷。 缩合物在浓H₂SO₄催化下,以89%的收率得到2,6-二氯嘌呤核苷;在NH₃/CH₃OH体系中氨解和脱除乙酰基,以92%的收率得到2-氯腺苷。 反应规模可以扩大到100 g,收率未降低。 该方法原料价格低廉,避免使用重金属催化剂,操作简便,中间体及产物可以通过结晶的方法纯化得到,显示出潜在的应用价值。     

微波辐射下水中6-氯嘌呤(核苷)及8-溴嘌呤核苷的脱卤反应

以6-氯嘌呤,6-氯嘌呤核苷或8-溴嘌呤核苷为原料,微波辐射下与水合肼反应生成相应的6-肼嘌呤(2a～2e),6-肼嘌呤核苷(2f和2g)或8-肼嘌呤核苷(2h和2i);2在微波辐射下经Wolff-Kishner-HuangMinlon还原反应得到6-脱氯嘌呤,6-脱氯嘌呤核苷或8-脱溴嘌呤核苷,总收率46%～83%,其结构经1HNMR和13CNMR表征。     

微波促进的6-位磷功能化的非环嘌呤核苷类似物的合成

以2,6-二氯嘌呤核苷和亚磷酸酯为原料,通过微波促进的Arbuzov反应,一步合成6位磷酸酯取代的嘌呤核苷类化合物,然后再进一步衍生,得到6-位磷酸单酯和6-位磷酸取代的嘌呤核苷类新化合物.得到的非环嘌呤核苷类化合物通过核磁共振图谱、高分辨质谱和红外光谱进行了结构确认.     

Synthesis, characterization, biocide and toxicological activities of di-n-butyl- and diphenyl-tin(IV)-salicyliden-beta-amino alcohol derivatives

The one pot reaction of salicylaldehyde 1, beta-amino alcohols 2a-2c, and di-n-butyltin(IV) oxide 3a or diphenyltin(IV) oxide 3b produced five diorganotin(IV) compounds, 4a-4c, 5a, and 5c, in good yields. All compounds were characterized by IR, (1)H, (13)C, and (119)Sn NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis; furthermore, compounds 4b, 4c, 5a, and 5c were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. After the structural characterization, all of the compounds were tested in vitro against Bacillus subtilis (Gram-positive, strain ATCC 6633), Escherichia coli (Gram-negative, strain DH5alpha), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative, strain BH3), Desulfovibrio longus (strain DSM 6739), and Desulfomicrobium aspheronum (strain DSM 5918) to assess their antimicrobial activity. Compounds 4 and 5 demonstrated a wide range of bactericidal activities against the tested aerobic (one Gram-positive and two Gram-negative subtypes) and anaerobic bacteria (two sulfate-reducing bacteria, SRB). Compound 5 had better bactericidal performances than compound 4. For all of the compounds, the acute toxicity was measured using luminescent bacteria toxicity (LBT-Microtox) tests to track their further environmental impact. According to these results and in order to fulfill environmental regulations, the toxicity of the compounds studied herein can be modulated through the proper selection of the disubstituted tin(IV) moiety.     

新型1,2,3-三唑类化合物的合成及抗菌构效关系

根据活性基团拼接原理, 以4-取代-苯胺为原料, 经重氮化、 关环和缩合反应合成了17个化合物1-(4-取代苯基)-5-取代苯基亚氨基-4-取代-1,2,3-三唑(7a~7c和13a~13d)和1-(4-取代苯基)-5-取代苄基氨基-4-取代-1,2,3-三唑(5a~5c, 10a~10c和14a~14d), 其中化合物5a~5c, 7b, 7c, 10a, 10c, 13b~13d和14b~14c为新化合物, 对所制备化合物的结构进行了表征. 生物活性测试结果表明, 所有化合物均表现出一定的抑菌活性, 对大肠杆菌的抑菌活性均优于氟康唑; 化合物7a和10c对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制活性明显优于氟康唑; 而化合物13a和13d则对白色念球菌表现出良好的抑制活性, 与三氯生相当.     

Synthesis of novel azo Schiff bases and their antibacterial and antifungal activities

Ten new azo Schiff bases 5a-h and 7a-b were prepared in excellent yields via the condensation of different aromatic amines and a new azoaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-3- methoxy-5-(4-methoxyphenylazo)benzaldehyde (4) by two different methods. All new compounds were tested against five microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive and methicillin resistant), Bacillus subtilis (Gram positive), Kelebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli (all Gram negative). Compounds 4, 5a, 5c, 5d and 5g were moderately active against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. Compound 7b was highly active against Bacillus subtilis and moderately active against Staphylococcus aureus. Other compounds were inactive against these strains of bacteria. The antifungal activities of these compounds were also tested against eight different fungal species. None of them were active against the fungi species tested.     

新型胍基葡萄糖苷的合成及生物活性

将2,3,4,6-四-O-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基异硫氰酸酯(1)与2-氨基-4/6-取代-苯并噻唑(2a~2e)反应, 生成糖基硫脲衍生物(3a~3e), 再在伯胺存在下经氯化汞脱硫, 得到一系列新的多乙酰基胍基糖苷类化合物(4a~4d, 5a~5d, 6a~6d, 7a~7d), 糖基的保护基团在甲醇钠/甲醇条件下脱除. 所有新化合物的结构均经IR, 1H NMR, MS谱和元素分析证实, 所得产物均为β-构型. 生物活性测试结果表明, 化合物4c, 6c, 8b, 8c等对HIV-1蛋白酶表现出了较高的抑制活性; 化合物7c具有抗流感乙型病毒活性; 化合物5e, 7c, 7d等对血管紧张素转化酶具有抑制活性.     

Novel pyrimidinone derivatives: synthesis, antitumor and antimicrobial evaluation

Starting from 6-aryl-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (4a-d), a series of mono- and dialkyl derivatives 5a-j and 6a, b was synthesized. Hydrazinolysis of 4a, b, d and 5d afforded the hydrazino derivatives 7a-c which were cyclised to give the triazolopyrimidinones 8a-c and the pyrimidotriazinones 9a-c through the reaction with formic acid and chloroacetyl chloride, respectively. Most of the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in-vitro antitumor activity. Compounds 6a and b displayed promising anticancer activity against leukaemia, non-small cell lung, melanoma, and renal cancer. On the other hand, all compounds prepared were screened for their in-vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. Compounds 5h and j showed significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus, while compounds 5e, 7c and 8c displayed moderate inhibitory activity against Candida albicans.     

吡嗪类碳酰肼化合物与CT-DNA相互作用及体外抑菌

以5-氯吡嗪-2-羧酸甲酯和水合肼为原料,经亲核取代和脱水缩合反应合成了3种新型吡嗪类碳酰肼化合物C13H14N6O(a)、C13H14N6O2(b)和C12H12N6O2(c)。采用元素分析与核磁共振氢谱对化合物a~c进行了表征,结果表明合成的产物即为目标化合物。通过溶剂挥发法培养得到了化合物a的单晶并利用X-射线单晶衍射测定化合物a的晶体结构为单斜晶系。根据紫外-可见光谱可知,化合物a~c均以插入模式与CT-DNA作用。利用微量热实验测定了化合物a~c与CT-DNA的相互作用,发现反应过程放热,热效应ΔH依次为-5.77×103、 -5.50×103和-5.96×103 kJ·moL-1,反应时间均小于40 min。通过分子对接模拟计算明确了化合物a和b与DNA的具体结合位点包括A链DC4和DG5以及B链DC4、 DG5和DA6,化合物c与DNA的具体结合位点包括A链DC4和DG5以及B链DC4和DG5。采用牛津杯法测定了化合物a~c对枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌以及大肠杆菌四种细菌的抑菌活性,结果表明化合物a~c均对铜绿假单胞菌表现出优于阳性对照组四环素的抑菌活性。     

Novel 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Derivatives of Dihydropyrimidinones: Synthesis,Anti‐Inflammatory,Anthelmintic, and Antibacterial Activity Evaluation

The present study depicts synthesis of a series of some novel 5‐(5‐(aryl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)‐3,4‐dihydro‐6‐methyl‐4‐styrylpyrimidin‐2(1H)‐one derivatives. All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The compounds were evaluated for their in vivo anti‐inflammatory activity by the carrageenan‐induced rat paw edema method. The compounds were also screened for their anthelmintic activity on Indian earthworms and antibacterial activity against some gram positive and gram negative strains of bacteria. This pharmacological activity evaluation revealed that, among all the compounds screened, compounds 4b and 4c were found to have promising anti‐inflammatory activity. Interestingly, compounds 4b , 4c , and 4i exhibited appreciable anthelmintic property, while compounds 4c , 4g , and 4h showed leading antibacterial activity against the selected pathogenic strains of bacteria.     

3-(N-取代苯基-2-乙酰胺基)硫基-4-N-取代邻羟苯基亚胺基-5-甲基-1,2,4-三唑类化合物的合成及生物活性研究

以对称二氨基硫脲为原料,与冰醋酸反应生成5-甲基-4-氨基-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(1);在弱酸性条件下,1与取代水杨醛反应生成席夫碱中间体5-甲基-4-(N-取代邻羟苯基)亚胺基-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(2a～2c);最后在碱性条件下分别与N-取代苯基-2-氯乙酰胺发生烷基化反应生成15种未见报道的目标化合物3-(N-取代苯基-2-乙酰胺基)硫基-4-(N-取代邻羟苯基)亚胺基-5-甲基-1,2,4-三唑(3a～3o),其结构经IR,1H NMR,13C NMR确证.初步生物测试表明,质量分数为0.01%时,3a～3o对白色念珠菌的抑菌率均达90%以上,具有很强的抑菌活性;对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌的抑菌率达80%以上,具有较强的抑菌活性.     

Synthesis,antimicrobial, antiquorum-sensing and cytotoxic activities of new series of benzothiazole derivatives

New series of benzothiazole derivatives were designed and synthesized. The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. Compounds 6j and 6o showed the highest activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The antifungal activity of these compounds was also tested against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus293. Compounds 4c, 4g and 6j exhibited the highest activity against C. albicans. In addition, compounds4 a and 6j displayed promising activity against A. fumigatus 293. The same compounds were examined for their antiquorum-sensing activity against Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472, whereas compounds4 a, 6j and 6p showed moderate activity. The in vitro cytotoxicity testing of the synthesized compounds was performed against cervical cancer(Hela) and kidney fibroblast cancer(COS-7) cell lines. Results indicated that all tested compounds have IC50 values 50 mmol/L against both cell lines. Molecular properties, toxicities, drug-likeness, and drug score profiles of compounds 4a–c, 5a, 6g,h, 6j, 6l, 6o and7 c,d were also assessed.     

伞型酮类似物的合成及抗菌作用

2-甲基间二酚或5-甲基间二酚分别与dl-苹果酸或乙酰乙酸乙酯, 在浓硫酸催化下, 经Peachmann缩合反应得到伞型酮(7-羟基香豆素)类似物5～7. 5～7经甲基化得新化合物5a, 6a和7a; 经Williamson反应, TBAB(四正丁基溴化铵)相转移催化合成了14个新的香豆素类化合物5b～5e, 6b～6f, 7b～7f. 经IR, MS, ¹H NMR及元素分析对所有化合物的结构进行了表征. 初步生物活性实验结果表明, 在50 μg/mL浓度下, 化合物6对辣椒疫霉病菌(Phytophythora capsici)抑制率达58.5%, 化合物7c对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)抑制率为54.0%, 化合物6c对水稻纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani)的抑制率达83.7%.