Nb_3Sn正常-超导转变时的比热反常

在16.0°K—20.3°K之间测量了Nb_3Sn样品的热容量。Nb_3Sn在临界温度附近的比热跳跃值ΔC=2.21(±5％)焦耳/克分子·度。样品的临界温度T_c=17.88°K,转变宽度ΔT_c≈0.2°K。ΔC值利用热力学关系式确定了Nb_3Sn在0°K时的热力学临界场H_0=5300奥斯特。 利用本文的结果和文献上关于热膨胀系数的跳跃值Δα及T/P值验证了热力学关系式。 扼要地描述了比热测量装置.     

Nb3Sn超导电磁铁

本文报导了关于筒形Nb₃Sn磁体的研究结果。观察到磁通跳跃现象。“冻结”场的分布和历史及激发场的分布紧密相关。“冻结”场可以不是中心对称的,这进一步证明了烧结的Nb₃Sn材料是非均匀介质。我们描述了新的磁体结构,避免了磁通跳跃。除利用铁心来捕获磁通外,在激发和测量磁场的方法上均具有一定的特点。利用圆筒状Nb₃Sn作为压挤磁通的活塞,在1.5°K时,曾获得的最高场强是28.5KG。     

加压对110 K Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O单相样品超导电性的影响

 在静压0~1 GPa（10 kbar）范围内，80~300 K温区，用测量电阻的方法，研究了Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O（起始转变温度T_c^on=110 K，终止转变温度T_c^fi=106 K）的起导电性。观察到超导临界温度T_c随压力以dT_c/dp=2K/GPa的速率增高，而在不同压力下的斜率d logR/dp却保持不变。     

第二类超导体的临界磁场

在Гинэбург-Ландау理论中借引入顺磁能导出了第二类超导体的临界磁场公式。理论公式与Ti-V合金系统的实验数据符合。考虑了顺磁能的影响之后,第二类超导体由“混合态”向正常态的转变仍为二级相变;在相变点附近,磁化曲线仍为直线;在强磁场中相变时的比热跳跃与零场中的比热跳跃同数量级;与V₃Ga的比热测量及Nb₃Sn的磁化曲线测量很好地符合。     

MgB2超导薄膜的微波测量

报道了利用蓝宝石介质谐振器技术测量MgB₂超导薄膜的微波表面电阻R_{s、0K时的穿透深度λ(0)和超导能隙Δ(0).λ(0)和Δ(0)的值是通过先测量样品穿透深度λ(T)的变化量Δλ(T)，然后由BCS理论模型拟合Δλ(T)的实验数据得到的.测试样 品是利用化学气相沉积技术在MgO(111)基片上制备的c轴织构的MgB2超导薄膜， 薄膜的超导转变温度和转变宽度分别为38K和01K.微波测试结果表明在10K，18GHz下M gB2薄膜的Rs约为100μΩ，可以和高质量的YBCO薄膜的Rs值相比拟；BCS理论拟合得到的MgB2超导薄膜的λ(0)=102nm，Δ(0)=113k Tc.}     

超导临界温度理论(Ⅱ)

在文献[1]中,我们导出了超导临界温度T_c的一个严格级数表式。本文讨论这个级数的收敛范围,以及通过解析延拓来扩展收敛范围的可能性。结论是:我们的T_c级数(指文献[1]原来的级数,或者经过延拓后的级数)在∞>λ>λ₀的整个范围内,都是收敛的。这里λ₀是Matsubara表象中使决定T_c的方程具有正实数解的最小的λ值。实际上,就是库仑赝势。因此,这就是说,也许除了少数非常弱耦合的超导体以外,我们的T<     

金属氢超导性能的研究

 本文用强耦合超导理论研究了金属氢的一些超导性能，求出了具有超导性的金属氢的同位素效应值，热力学临界磁场，比热和T_c，H_c及Δ对有效声子谱α²F(ω)的泛函导数：dT_c/dα²F(ω)，dH_c/dα²F(ω)和d(2Δ/k_BT_c)/dα²F(ω)等与ω的关系曲线，说明超导性的一些参数与金属氢的电子-声子作用的关系。     

扩展Skyrme力的自洽半经典计算与原子核电模式isovector巨共振性质

利用自洽半经典(SCSC)计算确定的基态核子分布,讨论了电模式isovector巨共振性质.特别是,我们不仅考虑了ΔT₃=0的模式,而且考虑了ΔT₃=±1模式,从而讨论了此类巨共振的同位旋性质,给出了它们的增强因子及Centroid能量的同位旋分裂.其中增强因子和HF+RPA计算结果相一致,而Centroid能量的同位旋分裂则和实验事实相近.     

压力对TlPbxBaCa3Cu3O超导电性的影响

 在零电阻温度T_c0达到120 K的TlBaCa₃Cu₃O_y超导体中，掺入不同含量的Pb后，超导电性受到抑制，点阵常数减小。加压时，T_c先随压力p的增加而上升，样品1（x_Pb=0.05）的dT_c0/dp=1.7 K/GPa，样品2（x_Pb=0.5）的dT_c0/dp=2.2 K/GPa。T_c的峰值随Pb的增加而减小。加压时，对由于Pb的加入引起的Cu—O层的精细结构变化起到调制作用。     

红宝石Cr3+离子的自旋-晶格弛豫时间和浓度效应

本文叙述用脉冲饱和法测量自旋-晶格弛豫时间的实验及其结果。在显示方面使用了倍频同步法以产生基线,便于读取T₁。测定了红宝石Cr³⁺离子的弛豫时间,肯定在77°K时各种跃迁的T₁大致相等,但浓度增高时T₁降低。     

聚丁二烯中的等待时间效应

测量了高聚物材料聚丁二烯的比热,发现在温度T_g=178K出现玻璃转变且转变点附近的比热与降温过程有关。在降温过程中,若控制样品在某一温度T_wg等待时间t_w,则升温比热测量表明,T_g处的比热跃变△c_p存在明显的等待时间效应,即△c_p随t_w的增大而增大。在T_w=169K条件下,△c_p(t< 关键词：     

Superconductivity in the intermetallic compound YRhAl

The intermetallic compound, YRhAl, has been prepared and is found to be isomorphic with RRhAl (R=Pr, Nd, Gd, Ho and Tm) compounds crystallizing in the orthorhombic TiNiSi-type structure (space group Pnma). Heat capacity and electrical resistivity measurements in the He-3 temperature range reveal that this compound is superconducting with a transition temperature, T_c, of 0.9 K. The electronic specific heat coefficient, γ, and the Debye temperature are found to be 6.1 mJ/mol K and 197 K, respectively. The specific heat jump at the superconducting transition is found to be consistent with the BCS weak-coupling limit. This combined with the earlier observation of superconductivity in LaRhAl (T_c=2.4 K) having a different structure than that of YRhAl, suggests that the underlying structure is not very crucial for the occurrence of superconductivity in RRhAl series of compounds.     

Enhancement of pseudogap anomalies induced by nanoscale structural inhomogeneity in YBa<Subscript>2</Subscript>Cu<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>6.93</Subscript> high-<Emphasis Type="Italic">T</Emphasis><Subscript>c</Subscript> superconductor

The magnetization M(H) in the superconducting state, dc magnetic susceptibility χ(T) in the normal state, and specific heat C(T) near the superconducting transition temperature T _c have been measured for a series of fine-crystalline YBa₂Cu₃O _y samples having nearly optimum values of y = 6.93 ± 0.3 and T _c = (91.5 ± 0.5) K. The samples differ only in the degree of nanoscale structural inhomogeneity. The characteristic parameters of superconductors (the London penetration depth and the Ginzburg–Landau parameter) and the thermodynamic critical field H _c are determined by the analysis of the magnetization curves M(H). It is found that the increase in the degree of nanoscale structural inhomogeneity leads to an increase in the characteristic parameters of superconductors and a decrease in H _c(T) and the jump of the specific heat ΔC/T _c. It is shown that the changes in the physical characteristics are caused by the suppression of the density of states near the Fermi level. The pseudogap is estimated by analyzing χ(T). It is found that the nanoscale structural inhomogeneity significantly enhances and probably even creates the pseudogap regime in the optimally doped high-T _c superconductors.     

Anisotropy effects in cesium flouroxide tungsten bronze

The upper critical field H_c2(T) and the specific heat jump ΔC(T_c) are calculated for Cs_0.1WO_2.9F_0.1 using a two-band model. The model parameters are obtained by adjusting the theoretical H_c2(T) values to experimental results. The model calculation predicts an anomalous specific heat jump ΔC as a function of the inverse relation T_c(H).     

COMBINED EFFECTS OF SUBCOOLING AND SURFACE ORIENTATION ON POOL BOILING OF HFE-7100 FROM A SIMULATED ELECTRONIC CHIP

The effects of orientation and subcooling on pool boiling of the HFE-7100 dielectric liquid near atmospheric pressure (0.085 MPa) from a 10 × 10 mm smooth copper surface are investigated experimentally. Results are obtained for inclination angles θ = 0° (upward-facing), 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, and 180° (downward-facing) and liquid subcoolings ΔT_sub = 0, 10, 20, and 30 K. Increasing θ decreases the saturation nucleate boiling heat flux at high surface superheats (ΔT_sat > 20 K), but increases it only slightly at lower surface superheats. The critical heat flux (CHF) decreases slowly with increasing θ from 0° to 90°, and then deceases faster with increasing θ to 180°. CHF increases linearly with increased subcooling, but the rate increases from 0.016 K^?1 at 0° to 0.048 K^?1 at 180°. At θ = 0° and ΔT_sub = 30 K, CHF is ～ 36 W/cm² and 24.45 W/cm² for saturation boiling, while at θ = 180° CHF = 10.85 W/cm² at ΔT_sub = 30 K and only 4.30 W/cm² at saturation. The developed correlation for CHF of HFE-7100, as a function of θ and ΔT_sub, is within ±10% of the present data. The recorded still photographs of the boiling surface in the experiments illustrate the effects of liquid subcooling and surface orientation at different nucleate boiling heat fluxes and surface superheats on vapor bubble accumulation and/or induced mixing at the surface.     

Effect of thermal history on Tg and corresponding Cp changes in PVC of different stereoregularities

Samples of poly(vinyl chloride) polymerized at temperatures from ?60°C to +90°C, and therefore of different degrees of syndiotacticity and crystallinity, have been thermally treated in an attempt to reduce their content of ordered structures. Changes in order have been monitored by measuring Tg and the corresponding specific heat increment Δc_p. Partially syndiotactic samples have higher T_g and lower Δc_p than samples that are nearly atactic. After thermal treatment the differences decrease but do not vanish, even for samples heat-treated to about 250°C. This seems to indicate that some ordered structures are very stable even at relatively high temperatures. A quantitative estimate of the ordered structure content, based on Δc_p data, is proposed.     

Specific heat of the (La,Gd) Al2 system in the superconducting and normal state

Specific heat measurements between 0.5 and 4.2°K are reported for the system ($\text{La}$, Gd) Al₂ in both the superconducting and normal state. The observed specific heat jump at the superconducting transition temperature T_c is in excellent agreement with the Abrikosov-Gor'kov (AG) theory. This is in accordance with the previously reported close correspondence of the T_c vs. Gd concentration curve with the AG theory. Two very interesting features occur in the normal state specific heat. First, the Gd impurities cause a surprisingly strong enhancement of the electronic specific heat coefficient. Second, there is a large magnetic field dependent Schottky-like anomaly at low temperatures. This anomaly persists even in the superconducting state.     

Transition temperature model based on specific heat data of an FeAs-based superconductor

In this article, we studied the specific heat data of iron-based superconductors LaO_{1? x} F _x FeAs (x?=?0.1) and SmO_{1? x} F _x FeAs (x?=?0.13,?0.12, and 0.1). (i) The contribution of phonons in specific heat above T_c depends exponentially on temperature. (ii) The specific heat has different contributions, and they change differently at T_c . This change must be the effect of a physical function on heat capacity. Therefore, transition temperature is defined by thermal parameters. For LaO_0.9F_0.1FeAs and SmO_0.87F_0.13FeAs, a transition point was evaluated at 22.11 and 26.32?K, respectively. This is in close agreement with the midpoint transition temperatures obtained from dc resistivity and magnetization experiments, where the modified electronic heat capacity led to the approximate value of the transition point in two samples. The jump, ΔC/γT _c, and the electronic and lattice heat capacity coefficients, γ and β, respectively, were evaluated.     

Specific heat of high Tc,A-15 Nb0.75Ga0.25

The specific heat from 1.4 to 27 K has been measured on a NbGa sample that was approximately 85% A-15 Nb_0.76Ga_0.24 with a T_c of 19.8 K and a transition width of 1 K. The data imply that the density of states for A-15 Nb_0.75Ga_0.25 is 1.7 ± 0.25 states/eV-atom, in good agreement with recent band structure calculations. The Debye temperature is found to increase approximately 1 K per degree from T_c down to 4 K, with θ_D(0) = 280 K.     

Specific heat of A-15 Nb3Al0.83Ge0.21

The specific heat of A-15 Nb₃Al_.83Ge_.21 with a transition temperature, T_c, of 20.0 K has been measured from 6 to 25 K. Values of the parameters derived from the data are γ=35.0±2 mJ/mole-K²; the Debye temperature, θ_D=278±5 K; the energy gap, △, normalized as 2△/kT_c, is 4.9±.3, and the thermodynamic critical field, H_c(0), is 4700±300 Gauss.