脉冲加热-红外吸收光谱法测定钒铝合金中氢

对脉冲加热-红外吸收法测定钒铝合金中氢的分析方法进行了研究。通过实验对分析功率、称样量和校正标样等测试条件进行了讨论。实验表明钒铝合金中的氢易释放,对于AlV85样品中氢,热提取法和熔融法测定结果一致;但AlV50样品中氢,热提取法的结果略高于熔融法,故实验中选用热提取法测定钒铝合金中氢量。热提取法用0.75g金属锡作助熔剂,于4.0kW分析功率条件下测定钛标准样品中氢来确定氢工作曲线的校正系数,在1.5kW分析功率下测定钒铝合金中氢,测定结果与高频感应-热导法(用5g钢标准样品对氢的测定进行校正)结果吻合。对3个钒铝合金中氢量进行了测定,结果的相对标准偏差为2.2%～6.5%(n=8)。     

惰气熔融-热导法测定钕铁硼永磁材料中的氢

建立惰气熔融-热导法测定钕铁硼永磁材料中氢的分析方法。当氧-氢比例大于50:1时,CO对氢的测定结果产生一定的干扰,加入舒茨试剂可消除此干扰。采用标准坩埚,称样0.05g,熔融功率为2.85 kW,选择高纯镍篮和锡片做助熔剂,钕铁硼中氢释放完全。以普通钢铁参考物质建立氢校准曲线,线性相关系数r～2=0.9999,检出限为0.75μg/g。该法用于钕铁硼样品中氢的测定,测定结果与脉冲熔融飞行时间质谱-气体元素分析仪测定结果基本一致,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.4%(n=5)。该方法可以准确测定钕铁硼永磁材料中的氢,能满足日常分析的要求。     

惰气脉冲熔融热导法测定铌钛合金中氢含量

为准确测定铌钛合金中氢含量,使用LECO-404氢分析仪,采用惰性气氛脉冲加热熔融试样,热导法测定。研究了不同的脱气功率对空白值和试样分析值的影响,选择了脱气功率为4 500 W。通过助熔剂实验,选择了0.50g锡作为铌钛合金中氢释放的助熔剂。验证了钛标准样品的适用性。确定了分析功率为3 500 W,最短积分时间为60s。精密度实验中氢含量测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.5%~5.5%,加标回收率为97.82%~104.5%,可以准确测定铌钛合金中氢含量。研究结果对准确测定铌钛合金中氢含量具有指导意义。     

惰气熔融-红外吸收/热导法同时测定无烟煤中氮和氢

首次使用惰气熔融-红外吸收/热导法实现无烟煤中氮、氢元素的同时、快速、准确测定.探究分析条件,发现当称样量为0.030 0 g,分析功率为5 500 W,氮元素的积分延迟时间为15 s,集成时间为55 s,氢元素的积分延迟时间为5 s,集成时间为85 s,且使用石墨套埚时,氮氢元素的释放最完全、合理.方法中氮、氢校准曲线的相关系数分别为0.994 9、0.994 0,检出限分别为0.321%、0.189%,定量限分别为0.326%、0.194%,精密度分别为3.60%、0.63%,满足线性关系及方法要求.惰气熔融-红外吸收/热导法重复性好、高效便捷、操作和维护简单,可用于无烟煤中氮、氢元素的定量检测.     

脉冲熔融-飞行时间质谱法测定Nd-Fe-B材料中的氧、氮、氢

建立了脉冲熔融-飞行时间质谱法测定Nd-Fe-B材料中的氧、氮、氢的方法,在选定的实验条件下,氧、氮、氢的检出限分别为0.021,0.060,0.002μg/g;利用系列标准样品得到各元素的校准曲线,线性相关系数R2均大于0.99。将方法应用于Nd-Fe-B材料的测定,经对比实验验证,方法测定值与传统的脉冲熔融-红外/热导方法测定值相符合。     

氢还原重量法测定亚硝酰硝酸钌溶液中的钌含量

采用盐酸前处理样品,干燥后通氢还原纯化,建立了氢还原重量法测定亚硝酰硝酸钌溶液中的钌含量的方法。结果表明,在称样量为4.0g、盐酸加入量3mL,程序升温750℃,保温90min条件下,测定结果最好。测定钌含量为5.50%、10.89%的两种样品,两种样品钌含量分析结果的极差分别为0.11%、0.16%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)分别为0.66%、0.52%,与其他标准分析方法相比,测定结果的准确度和精密度更好。     

惰气熔融–红外吸收法测定铀金属中的氢

建立惰气熔融–红外吸收法测定铀金属中氢含量的方法。将铀金属加工为柱状样品,用25%硝酸、去离子水、丙酮清洗并用冷风吹干后测定。对实验条件进行了优化,坩埚脱气功率为3 500 W,脱气时间不低于70 s,脱气次数不低于5次,分析功率为3 000 W,分析时间为60 s。该方法的检出限为0.02μg/g,氢含量为1.05μg/g的铀金属样品测定结果的相对标准偏差为17.9%(n=6),加标回收率为72.5%~127.3%。该方法灵敏、准确,适用于铀金属中微量氢含量的测定。     

惰性气体熔融–红外光谱法测定硅中的氧

采用惰性气体熔融–红外吸收光谱法测定硅中的氧,选择锡囊和镍篮做助熔剂,样品称样量为0.05 g,分析功率为4.5 kW。实验结果表明,样品释放完全,测定结果的相对标准偏差为4.67%(n=5),用GSBH 40104–1996标准样品进行加标回收试验,回收率为94%~104%,精密度和准确度满足测定要求。     

热导法测定航空用铝合金中氢含量

建立热导法测定航空用铝合金中氢的含量。使用数控车床将试样加工成长圆棒,再将其锯切成小圆棒进行分析,讨论了RHEN 602测氢仪的重要参数如分析参数、元素参数、电极炉参数、温度维持程序等,其中坩埚预排气周期为4次,表面氢分析功率为850 W,内部氢分析功率为1 300 W,表面氢和内部氢积分时间分别为120 s和330 s,温度维持采用程序升温。讨论了氢含量测定结果的影响因素,确定坩埚需进行3次以上的空白运行,以减少试样空白对测定结果的影响。载气纯度应大于99.999%,设备稳定3 h以上,试样质量在2~5 g之间,标准样品与试样牌号系列一致且含量高于试样。标准样品验证结果相对偏差为1.39%,航空用2219铝合金板材样品测定结果的相对标准偏差为12.60%(n=10),满足样品检测的重复性技术要求。该法可用于铝合金中氢含量的测定。     

氟化铵快速分解－电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地球化学样品中的稀土元素

测定地球化学样品中的微量稀土元素常用混酸分解法或碱熔融法,这些常规方法往往存在耗费试剂量多、基体效应大、操作周期长等缺点。本文采用氟化铵作熔剂,在旋盖聚四氟乙烯坩埚中220℃熔融样品,后采用2毫升硝酸和0.5毫升高氯酸、硫酸（1+1）在电热板上继续分解,建立了氟化铵分解 －电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定岩石、土壤和水系沉积物中15种微量稀土元素的分析方法。本方法能快速、有效地分解样品,经三种国家标准物质验证（岩石、土壤、水系沉积物）,方法的准确度ΔlgC在0.001～0.02之间,测定值与认定值相符。方法检出限为0.001～0.04μg／g之间,精密度RSD%在1.11％ ～4.85％之间,能够满足微量稀土元素的分析要求,方法具有简单快捷、消耗试剂少、检出限低、精密度与准确度好等特点,适合于地球化学等地质样品微量稀土元素的批量快速分析测定。     

Extraction-spectrometric determination of lead in high-purity aluminium salts

Trace amounts of lead were determined in high purity aluminium salts (especially in ammonium aluminium sulfate) using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) after extractive pre-concentration and matrix separation. Metals were extracted from the aluminium matrix in the form of chelates with ammonium pyrolidine dithoocarbamate into methyl isobutyketone. The organic extract was digested with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. The limit of detection for the determination of lead in crystalline ammonium aluminium sulfate was ca. 0.044 mug g(-1). The relative expanded uncertainty of the lead determination was ca. 23% at the level of 0.2 mug g(-1) and ca. 16% at the level of 1.0 mug g(-1). The main uncertainty contribution was associated with repeatability of the whole analytical procedure.     

Fast Screening of Chicken Egg Lysozyme in White Wine Products by Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Fast detection of trace lysozyme,one of the most important food allergens in white wine samples,was achieved by extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry without sample pretreatment in this ...     

Coupling corona discharge for ambient extractive ionization mass spectrometry

Unlike the extractive electrospray ionization (EESI) technique described elsewhere, a corona discharge instead of electrospray ionization has been utilized to charge a neutral solvent spray under ambient conditions for the generation of highly charged microdroplets, which impact a neutral sample plume for the extractive ionization of the analytes in raw samples without any sample pretreatment. Using the positive ion mode, molecular radical cations were easily generated for the detection of non-polar compounds (e.g., benzene, cyclohexane, etc.), while protonated molecular ions of polar compounds (e.g., acetonitrile, acetic ether) were readily produced for the detection. By dispensing the matrix in a relatively large space, this method tolerates highly complex matrices. For a given sample such as lily fragrances, more compounds were detected by the method established here than the EESI technique. An acceptable relative standard deviation (RSD 8.9%, n = 11) was obtained for the direct measurement of explosives (10 ppb) in waste water samples. The experimental data demonstrate that this method could simultaneously detect both polar and non-polar analytes with high sensitivity, showing promising applications for the rapid detection of a wide variety of compounds present in complex matrices.     

Determination of bisphenol A and bisphenol B in canned seafood combining QuEChERS extraction with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

A new simple and reliable method combining an acetonitrile partitioning extractive procedure followed by dispersive solid-phase cleanup (QuEChERS) with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and further gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis was developed for the simultaneous determination of bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol B (BPB) in canned seafood samples. Besides the great enrichment factor provided, the final DLLME extractive step was designed in order to allow the simultaneous acetylation of the compounds required for their gas chromatographic analysis. Tetrachloroethylene was used as extractive solvent, while the acetonitrile extract obtained from QuEChERS was used as dispersive solvent, and anhydride acetic as derivatizing reagent. The main factors influencing QuEChERS and DLLME efficiency including nature of QuEChERS dispersive-SPE sorbents, amount of DLLME extractive and dispersive solvents and nature and amount of derivatizing reagent were evaluated. DLLME procedure provides an effective enrichment of the extract, allowing the required sensitivity even using a single quadropole MS as detector. The optimized method showed to be accurate (>68?% recovery), reproducible (<21?% relative standard deviation) and sensitive for the target analytes (method detection limits of 0.2?μg/kg for BPA and 0.4?μg/kg for BPB). The screening of several canned seafood samples commercialized in Portugal (total?=?47) revealed the presence of BPA in more than 83?% of the samples with levels ranging from 1.0 to 99.9?μg/kg, while BPB was found in only one sample at a level of 21.8?μg/kg.     

脉冲加热-热导法测定高锌铝合金中氢含量

对含锌铝合金中氢分析的取样量、取样方法和加热释氢功率等方面进行了探索性试验,建立了脉冲加热-热导法测定铝合金中氢含量的测定方法.经过条件试验和对比试验,确定了最佳取样量为2.0～4.0 g,表面氢加热功率为850～900W,体积氢加热功率为1250～1350 W.试样9次重复测定结果的相对标准偏差小于6%.用该法对标准...     

Simple micellar electrokinetic chromatography method for the determination of hydrogen sulfide in hen tissues

A new method for the determination of hydrogen sulfide in hen tissues has been developed and validated. For estimation of hydrogen sulfide content, a sample (0.1 g) of hen tissue was treated according to the procedure consisted of some essential steps: simultaneous homogenization of a tissue and derivatization of hydrogen sulfide to its S‐quinolinium derivative with 2‐chloro‐1‐methylquinolinium tetrafluoroborate, separation of so‐formed derivative by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with sweeping, and detection and quantitation with the use of UV detector set to measure analytical signals at 375 nm. Effective electrophoretic separation was achieved using fused silica capillary (effective length 41.5 cm, 75 μm id) and 0.05 mol/L, pH 8 phosphate buffer with the addition of 0.04 mol/L SDS and 26% ACN. The lower limit of quantification was 0.12 μmol hydrogen sulfide in 1 g of tissue. The calibration curve prepared in tissue homogenate for hydrogen sulfide showed linearity in the range from 0.15 to 2.0 μmol/g, with the coefficient of correlation 0.9978. The relative standard deviation of the points of the calibration curve varied from 8.3 to 3.2% RSD.     

ICP-AES法测定稀土磁性材料中微量铬、镍和钛

研究了采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定稀土磁性材料中微量铬、镍和钛的分析方法。确定了样品的溶解方法和待测元素的分析线,对基体元素和共存元素的干扰影响进行了考察,采用基体匹配法克服了基体效应。该方法测定结果与火焰原子吸收光谱法测定结果相一致。铬、镍、钛的检出限分别为0.001 4、0.002 8、0.000 5μg/mL,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于7.0%(n=8),方法的加标回收率为97.0%~104.7%。     

Observations on the determination of oxygen in silver halides using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry

This paper reports on a novel method for the determination of oxygen in silver halides using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). A heating system was designed and set up to heat the sample and to release oxygen which was then sent into the plasma by the argon carrier gas. A demountable extended ICP torch was assembled to prevent air from entering the analytical region of the ICP. The nonresonance near infrared atomic oxygen line, O(I) 777.19 nm, was used for the determination of oxygen. The detection limit of the method was 1.6 μg of oxygen. Pure oxygen was used for calibration. The method had a precision of 4.74% RSD for about 15 μg of oxygen in samples.     

碱熔-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)直接测定高纯稀土荧光粉中微量杂质元素

建立了一种碱熔样-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)直接分析稀土荧光粉中微量杂质元素(非稀土杂质和稀土杂质元素)的新方法。采用Na2CO3-H3BO3混合熔剂对样品进行分解,熔块由HNO3(2+3)提取后定容,优化了最佳的熔融温度和熔样时间。用ICP-MS标准曲线法直接测定。方法的检出限非稀土元素为0.007~0.952μg/g,稀土元素为0.001~0.057μg/g,相对标准偏差(RSD)12%。方法预处理简单、检出限低、重现性好,为高纯稀土荧光粉成品的质量控制提供了可靠的分析手段。