固相萃取反相高效液相色谱荧光检测法测定拟南芥中的生长素

建立了固相萃取反相高效液相色谱荧光检测法测定拟南芥中生长素的方法.采用Waters sunfire C18(150 mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-10 mmol/L乙酸钠(20∶ 80, V/V,乙酸调节至pH 3.5)为流动相,在流速1 mL/min,进样量20 μL,柱温20 ℃,样品温度10 ℃,荧光激发和发射波长分别为275和345 nm条件下,分离测定了拟南芥中的植物生长素吲哚乙酸和吲哚丙酸含量.分离效果良好,线性范围分别为85.71 pg～21.43 ng和0.33 ng～1.29μg,相关系数分别为0.9992和0.9999,相对标准偏差小于5%,平均回收率分别为103.8%和102.6%.本方法可对少量模式植物样品进行灵敏、准确的定量分析.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定蜂蜜中硝基咪唑类、磺胺类、喹诺酮类兽药残留

建立蜂蜜样品中硝基咪唑类、磺胺类、喹诺酮类共36种兽药残留的固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。蜂蜜样品用H3PO4溶液(体积分数0.1%)溶解后,过滤,用Oasis HLB和PSA固相萃取柱净化,外标法定量。测定时用Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)分离,乙腈-甲醇-甲酸溶液梯度洗脱,质谱测定采用多反应监测(MRM)模式。36种兽药的检出限在0.4～4.0 ng/mL,回收率在63.2%～125.5%,相对标准偏差均低于22%。     

基质分散固相萃取-高效液相色谱/串联质谱法检测红薯中氯吡脲

建立了分散固相萃取-高效液相色谱/串联质谱法测定红薯中氯吡脲含量的分析方法.样品经分散剂(硅胶,C18HC)研磨分散提取,甲醇洗脱.采用Thermo Hypersil Gold C18色谱柱(150×2,1 mm,5μm)分离,以甲醇(A)/0.1％甲酸-5 mmol/L甲酸铵(B)作为流动相,梯度洗脱,采用串联质谱在正离子扫描方式下,通过选择反应模式定量分析,外标法定量.氯吡脲在2.63～675.00 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R2＞0.999.定量检测限为0.66 ng/mL.氯吡脲在10、25、50 ng/g三个浓度水平的添加回收率在70％～130％之间.该方法操作简单、准确,适用于红薯中氯吡脲的定量检测.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定小型家用电器塑料部件中全氟辛酸

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)结合加速溶剂萃取测定小型家用电器塑料部件中全氟辛酸(PFOA)的分析方法。样品冷冻粉碎后采用甲醇作溶剂进行快速溶剂萃取,萃取液经C18固相萃取柱富集净化后,以C18柱为分离柱,以甲醇-水为流动相,梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式下多反应监测(MRM))模式检测。PFOA在0.5～100.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r2=0.998 9),回收率为93%～107%,相对标准偏差为2.9%～7.6%,检出限(S/N=3)为0.5μg/kg。该方法操作简便、灵敏度高,适用于小型家用电器塑料部件中全氟辛酸残留分析。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法测定调味品中的罗丹明B

利用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)方法测定了调味品中罗丹明B。样品经乙腈-乙酸水溶液提取后,经固相萃取(SPE)柱净化,采用BEH C18柱分离,以乙腈和0.2%的甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用正离子、多反应监测(MRM)模式进行定性定量测定。罗丹明B在0.5～500μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r为0.999,检出限、定量限分别为0.03,0.10μg/kg;平均回收率为86.6%～95.7%,标准偏差小于10%。方法适用于调味品中罗丹明B的测定。     

分散固相萃取结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱快速测定茶叶中的苦参碱

建立了茶叶中苦参碱残留量的分散固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。样品经氨水碱化，乙腈提取，浓缩后经分散固相萃取净化，以乙腈和乙酸铵溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱，C18色谱柱分离，采用电喷雾离子源，正离子扫描，多反应监测(MRM)模式测定，外标法定量。结果表明，苦参碱在1.0～20 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好，相关系数大于0.998。方法对于茶叶中苦参碱的定量限为5.0μg/kg。在5.0、10和50μg/kg 3个加标浓度水平下的加标回收率为80%～98%,相对标准偏差均不大于7.2%。本方法快速、简便，准确性和灵敏度较高，可作为茶叶中苦参碱残留量的有效检测方法。     

凝胶渗透色谱-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产品中甲基睾酮含量

提出了水产品中甲基睾酮的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析方法。样品经叔丁基甲醚提取,提取液经凝胶渗透色谱和HLB固相萃取柱净化,所得洗脱液40℃氮吹挥干后用流动相溶解,用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱分离,以乙腈-0.2%甲酸(40+60)溶液为流动相洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源及多反应监测模式测定。甲基睾酮的质量浓度在0.50～100μg.L-1范围内呈线性关系,测定下限(10S/N)为0.5μg.kg-1。添加1.0,5.0,10.0μg.kg-1 3个浓度水平进行加标回收试验,回收率在87.0%～94.2%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)均小于6%。     

基质固相分散液相色谱-串联质谱法检测禽蛋中的苏丹红

应用基质固相分散技术和液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)测定了禽蛋中的苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ染料.制备样品后装柱,用氯仿-乙腈(体积比为90∶10)混合溶剂洗脱,洗脱液浓缩定容后经ZORBAX SB-C18柱分离,采用电喷雾正离子多反应监控(MRM)模式质谱检测,外标法定量.苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的线性范围分别为0.5～100 ng/g,5.0～100 ng/g,1.0～100 ng/g和2.0～100 ng/g,线性方程的相关系数均大于0.99.样品的添加回收率在87.3%～113%之间,相对标准偏差均小于9.1% .4种苏丹红染料的检测低限分别为0.1,2.0,0.2,0.4 μg/kg,可以满足国内外禽蛋中苏丹红的监控要求.     

在线固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测大豆不同部位的4种植物激素

采用双三元液相色谱(Dual gradient liquid chromatography,DGLC)建立了在线固相萃取技术与电喷雾串联质谱联用方法(Online SPE DGLC-ESI MS/MS),并成功应用于实际样品检测。本方法同时检测大豆不同部位中的4种酸碱性植物激素(赤霉素(GA3)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、玉米素(ZT)和脱落酸(ABA))。通过考察固相萃取富集柱、分析色谱柱、流动相对植物激素的保留和选择性的影响,获得较高的灵敏度、回收率、稳定性及精密度。大豆样品经液氮低温研磨,以80%甲醇溶液提取,再经离心稀释过滤后,进样分析。进样后样品经在线固相萃取Hypersep Retain AX柱洗脱保留,目标分析物依次转移至分析柱Acclaim PA2色谱柱,并以0.1%甲酸和甲醇溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用选择反应监测离子模式(SRM)同时采集正负离子通道进行定性分析,基质标准曲线外标法进行定量分析,GA3,IAA,ZT在0.1~50μg/L范围内线性良好,检出限为0.0002μg/g;ABA在0.5~50μg/L的范围内线性良好,其检出限为0.0010μg/g。以0.8,4.0和40μg/L分别为低、中、高浓度考察4种植物激素的回收率为76.1%~93.5%,RSD为0.8%~6.0%。结果表明,籽粒中含有的ABA浓度明显高于其它部位。本研究为快速准确地分离和测定大豆不同部位内源激素提供了有效方法。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定火麻食品中特征大麻酚

提出了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定火麻食品中特征大麻酚含量的方法。样品经甲醇提取,过SupelcleanTMLC-Alumina-N固相萃取柱净化后,将洗脱液氮吹至近干,残渣用甲醇-水(77+23)溶液溶解。采用Waters ACQUITYTMBEH C18色谱柱分离,以甲醇和水为流动相梯度洗脱。质谱测定中采用负离子电离方式,多反应监测模式。方法检出限(3S/N)在0.01～0.05μg·kg-1之间。用标准加入法做回收试验,测得平均回收率在76.1%～105%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在6.5%～15%之间。     

Synthesis and bioactivity of the gibberellin, 18-hydroxy-GA1 (GA132)

As part of a study to confirm putative structural assignments to new gibberellins and to furnish sufficient quantities for biological investigations, a twenty step synthesis of 18-hydroxy GA1 from gibberellic acid (GA3) is described, allowing the confirmation of structure for a new gibberellin, GA132, that occurs in developing grains of barley (Hordeum vulgare). The early part of the sequence involved cleavage of the C(3)-C(4) bond in the A-ring of a 3-oxo intermediate. The ring was then reformed as part of a "domino" process involving the conjugate addition of alkoxide to an alpha-methylene lactone moiety followed by an intramolecular aldol reaction. The bioactivities of the new GA, and its 18-hydroxy-GA4 relative, have been confirmed in dwarf barley growth and alpha-amylase induction assays.     

A novel sorbent for the determination of clenbuterol in bovine liver.

The use of three C18 sorbents in matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) for the determination of clenbuterol in bovine liver fortified at 5 ng g-1 is described. MSPD grade C18 sorbents give rise to more efficient blending and packing of the material for subsequent washing and analyte elution in comparison with a non-MSPD grade C18 sorbent. Following enzymatic deconjugation of the liver extracts, radioimmunoassay is used as the method of determination. The mean recovery of clenbuterol with all sorbents is comparable and within the range 86-96% in two intra-assay studies (n = 3). The liver extracts in each case are highly coloured. The variation in recovery is observed to be lowest with MSPD grade C18 (end-capped). This sorbent was used in further studies to evaluate the use of solid phase extraction (SPE), post MSPD, with normal phase aminopropyl or mixed mode cation exchange columns for extract purification. The mean recovery of clenbuterol (n = 4, inter-assay study) following MSPD and normal phase SPE clean-up was 95 +/- 15% and 89 +/- 9% at fortification levels of 1 and 2.5 ng g-1, respectively.     

亚种间杂交稻内源激素的高效液相测定法

 建立了一种快速、提取率高的从植物中提取内源激素的样品处理方法 ,并研究了高效液相法测定亚种间杂交稻的 4种内源激素 :赤霉素 (GA3 )、3 吲哚乙酸 (IAA)、玉米素 (Z)和脱落酸 (ABA)的条件。采用WatersC18反相柱 (4 6mmi.d .× 2 5 0mm ,5 μm) ,SPD 6AV紫外检测器。以甲醇 水 乙酸 (体积比为 45∶5 4 2∶0 8)溶液为流动相 ,流速 1 0mL/min ;进样量 2 0 μL ;检测波长 2 5 4nm ;选用外标法进行定量测定。其回收率高 ,检出限分别为GA3 0 5mg/L ,IAA 0 1mg/L ,Z 0 3mg/L ,ABA 0 0 3mg/L。该法快速、灵敏、准确。     

Trinorlupeol: a major nonsterol triterpenoid in Arabidopsis

We report the structure determination of 20,29,30-trinorlup-18-en-3beta-ol (trinorlupeol) and establish this novel C 27 metabolite as a major nonsterol triterpenoid in Arabidopsis thaliana. Trinorlupeol was concentrated in cuticular waxes, notably in the plant stem, floral buds, and seedpods, but not in leaves. Based on expression data and functional characterization of A. thaliana oxidosqualene cyclases, we propose that LUP1 is the cyclase responsible for trinorlupeol biosynthesis. Also described are two oxidized trinorlupeols and additional biosynthetic insights.     

基质固相分散萃取-毛细管电泳测定米制品中丙烯酰胺

建立了基质固相分散萃取-毛细管电泳法检测米制品中丙烯酰胺的新方法。通过实验确定了最佳前处理条件:C18及弗罗里硅土混合作为萃取分散剂(质量比1∶4),样品与分散剂的质量比为5∶9,洗脱液为丙酮-二氯甲烷(体积比6∶4)的混合溶剂,洗脱剂体积为10 m L。在优化实验条件下,以20 mmol/L硼砂(p H 8.4)作缓冲溶液,在15 k V恒压下进行分离,该方法的线性范围为10~200μg/m L,相关系数(r)为0.999 8,丙烯酰胺的检出限为0.62μg/m L,样品中丙烯酰胺的回收率为85.7%~96.4%。     

Investigation of plant hormone level changes in shoot tips of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) treated with potassium chlorate by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

The endogenous levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins (GAs), abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinins (CKs) and their changes were investigated in shoot tips of ten longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) trees for off-season flowering until 60 days after potassium chlorate treatment in comparison with those of ten control (untreated) longan trees. These analytes were extracted and interfering matrices removed with a single mixed-mode solid phase extraction under optimum conditions. The recoveries at three levels of concentration were in the range of 72-112%. The endogenous plant hormones were separated and quantified by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). Detection limits based on the signal-to-noise ratio ranged from 10 ng mL⁻¹ for gibberellin A4 (GA4) to 200 ng mL⁻¹ for IAA. Within the first week after potassium chlorate treatment, dry weight (DW) amounts in the treated longan shoot tips of four gibberellins, namely: gibberellin A1(GA1), gibberellic acid (GA3), gibberellin A19 (GA19) and gibberellin A20 (GA20), were found to increase to approximately 25, 50, 20 and 60 ng g⁻¹ respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those of the controls. In contrast, gibberellin A8 (GA8) obtained from the treated longan was found to decrease to approximately 20 ng g⁻¹ DW while that of the control increased to around 80 ng g⁻¹ DW. Certain CKs which play a role in leaf bud induction, particularly isopentenyl adenine (iP), isopentenyl adenosine (iPR) and dihydrozeatin riboside (DHZR), were found to be present in amounts of approximately 20, 50 and 60 ng g⁻¹ DW in the shoot tips of the control longan. The analytical results obtained from the two-month off-season longan flowering period indicate that high GA1, GA3, GA19 and GA20 levels in the longan shoot tips contribute to flower bud induction while high levels of CKs, IAA and ABA in the control longan contribute more to the vegetative development.     

Multi-residue screening of chlorinated and brominated compounds from aquaculture samples using matrix solid-phase dispersion--gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

An effective multiresidual method for the trace analysis of fifteen compounds from a diverse group of pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) and polybrominated biphenyl (PBBs) in aquaculture feed is described. The analytical procedure is based on the matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) of feed sample and subsequent elution with hexane. The MSPD process was evaluated using an asymmetrical experimental design 2(3)3(2)//9. Factors such as C18 sorbent amount, kind of adsorbents, solvent volume and elution mode were considered. The results suggest that the operational MSPD conditions are elution with pressure, 1 g of C18, basic alumina as adsorbent and 30 mL of hexane. The overall method including MSPD procedure and GC coupled to mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has been applied to several samples of aquaculture feed and marine species. Precision and accuracy of the analytical method were determined using the reference material from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA-406), showing a good agreement to the referenced values.     

Application of matrix solid-phase dispersion in the determination of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene content of experimental animal diets used in a large-scale tumor study.

A method utilizing matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) was developed for isolation and determination of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP) in experimental rainbow-trout diets used in a large-scale carcinogenesis study. A 0.5 g sample of moist ration containing 0-225 ppm DBP (dry basis) was mixed with 2 g C18 sorbent and benzo[a]pyrene internal standard was added to the mixture. Extraction and clean-up were accomplished in a single step by extracting the sample mixture with hexane-benzene 4:1 from a cartridge containing 2 g Florisil. DBP was quantified by HPLC on a C5 bonded phase column with fluorescence detection. Mean analytical recovery of DBP from control diet spiked at three concentration levels was 101 to 107% with relative standard deviations of 1 to 7%. The limit of detection of DBP was equivalent to 0.014 ppm in the ration. Application of the method to verification of DBP levels in trout rations from the carcinogenesis study is described. Control ration (0 ppm DBP) was screened for possible DBP contamination and none was found. This is the first report on analysis of DBP in experimental animal diets.     

植物内源激素的反相高效液相色谱法测定

报道了以6－N－苄基腺嘌呤（BA）为内标的反相高效液相色谱法测定玉米素（ZT）、赤霉素（GA3）、激动素（KT）、3－吲哚乙酸（IAA）和脱落酸（ABA）等5种植物内源激素的条件;采用μBondapakC18柱、乙腈－甲醇－0．6％（φ）乙酸流动相、检测波长254nm,建立了一种从植物中提取5种激素的样品处理方法,并测定了马铃薯块茎中的5种植物内源激素的含量。     

Determination of organophosphorus pesticides in bovine tissue by an on-line coupled matrix solid-phase dispersion-solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection method

A miniaturized method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion coupled to solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (MSPD-SPE-HPLC/DAD) was developed for the trace simultaneous determination of the following organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in bovine tissue: parathion-methyl, fenitrothion, parathion, chlorfenvinphos, diazinon, ethion, fenchlorphos, chlorpyrifos and carbophenothion. To perform the coupling between MSPD and SPE, 0.05 g of sample was dispersed with 0.2 g of C(18) silica sorbent and packed into a stainless steel cartridge containing 0.05 g of silica gel in the bottom. After a clean-up of high and medium polarity interferences with water and an acetonitrile:water mixture, the OPPs were desorbed from the MSPD cartridge with pure acetonitrile and directly transferred to a dynamic mixing chamber for dilution with water and preconcentration into an SPE 20 mm × 2.0 mm I.D. C(18) silica column. Subsequently, the OPPs were eluted on-line with the chromatographic mobile phase to the analytical column and the diode array detector for their separation and detection, respectively. The method was validated and yielded recovery values between 91% and 101% and precision values, expressed as relative standard deviations (RSD), which were less than or equal to 12%. Linearity was good and ranged from 0.5 to 10 μg g(-1), and the limits of detection of the OPPs were in the range of 0.04-0.25 μg g(-1). The method was satisfactorily applied to the analysis of real samples and is recommended for food control, research efforts when sample amounts are limited, and laboratories that have ordinary chromatographic instrumentation.