单层光学薄膜中薄膜—衬底体系的双重干涉效应及其应用

提出了单层光学薄膜中薄膜与衬底反射光之间的双重干涉效应的理论，实验结果证实了理论分析的正确性。双重干涉效应使薄膜－衬底体系的热致反射调制度高达８０％，这一效应可望有极广泛的应用。     

基于透射谱的GaN薄膜厚度测量

通过对蓝宝石衬底异质外延GaN薄膜光学透射谱的分析，结合晶体薄膜的干涉效应原理并考虑折射率随光子波长变化的影响，从理论上推导出了实用的薄膜厚度计算方法. 实际应用表明，该方法是一种快速准确的GaN薄膜厚度测量方法. 关键词： GaN 透射谱 厚度测量     

双重干涉效应薄膜光学热光调制器的研究

对双重干涉效应反射式薄膜光学热光调制器进行了研究，基于双重干涉效应的分析方法，就相关参数对器件调制特性的影响进行了理论分析，并在实验上进行了有关测试，实际器件获得了高达９２％的调制深度。     

蓝宝石邻晶面衬底MBE生长GaN薄膜的瞬态光电导弛豫特性研究

在实验优化MBE工艺条件的基础上，采用蓝宝石(0001)邻晶面衬底制备出了具有较高质量的GaN薄膜.XRD分析表明邻晶面衬底生长的GaN薄膜晶体结构质量明显提高，AFM表征结果显示邻晶面生长的样品表面形貌显著改善.蓝宝石衬底GaN薄膜的瞬态光电导弛豫特性对比实验研究发现，常规衬底生长的GaN薄膜光电导弛豫特性出现双分子复合、单分子复合和弛豫振荡三个过程，持续时间分别为0.91，7.7和35.5ms；蓝宝石邻晶面衬底生长的GaN薄膜光电导弛豫过程主要是双分子复合和单分子复合过程，持续时间分别为0.78和14ms.理论分析表明MBE生长GaN薄膜的持续光电导效应主要起源于本生位错缺陷引发的深能级. 关键词： 邻晶面蓝宝石衬底 GaN薄膜 瞬态光电导 弛豫特性     

白光干涉的谱分析及其数据处理

通过白挑干涉谱,计算出生长在GaAs衬底上的氮化镓薄膜厚度。重点介绍干涉谱包含的信息及数据分析方法。     

给体-受体型有机太阳电池光敏层的优化设计

针对有机给体-受体型异质结薄膜太阳电池，基于薄膜中的光学干涉效应和激子扩散理论建立模型，定量分析了有机层厚度对太阳电池性能的影响，通过限制有机光敏层厚度来控制由光学干涉效应引起的局部光子密度(光强度)的分布，进而优化有机层的吸收效率和激子扩散效率，以此达到提高器件光伏效率的目的.并通过实验进行了验证. 关键词： 有机太阳电池 给体-受体 优化设计 激子     

射频溅射Pd薄膜的电阻率研究

本文研究了溅射Pd薄膜的电阻率与膜厚关系和不同溅射功率下Pd薄膜电阻率,结果表明,电阻率与膜厚的关系与现有的薄膜电阻率尺寸效应的理论基本相符,存在的差异主要是由溅射对衬底温度影响而引起的,并显示玻璃衬底上生长膜也有择优取向,溅射功率的变化对电阻率有一定的影响,进一步讨论溅射过程中衬底温度变化的问题,得出膜电阻率随衬底温度变化的定量关系式。 关键词：     

低温制备微晶硅薄膜生长机制的研究

采用热丝化学气相沉积技术制备了一系列处于不同生长阶段的薄膜样品，用原子力显微镜系 统地研究生长在单晶硅衬底和玻璃衬底上薄膜表面形貌的演化.按照分形理论分析得到：在 玻璃衬底上的硅薄膜以零扩散随机生长模式生长；而在单晶硅衬底上，薄膜早期以有限扩散 生长模式生长，当膜厚超过某一临界厚度时转变为零扩散随机生长模式.岛面密度与膜厚的 依赖关系表明，在临界厚度时硅衬底和玻璃衬底上的岛面密度均出现了极大值.Raman谱的测 量证实，玻璃衬底上薄膜临界厚度与非晶/微晶相变之间存在密切的关系.不同的衬底材料直 接影响反应 关键词： 生长机制 微晶硅薄膜 表面形貌 热丝化学气相沉积     

金属有机化学气相沉积法制备钛酸铅铁电薄膜

利用低压ＭＯＣＶＤ工艺分别在（００１）取向的ＬａＡｌＯ_３，ＳｒＴｉＯ_３和重掺杂硅单晶衬底上制备ＰｂＴｉＯ_３铁电薄膜，并通过Ｘ射线衍射谱对薄膜的微结构进行分析．Ｘ射线θ－２θ扫描显示硅衬底上得到了ＰｂＴｉＯ_３多晶薄膜，另两种衬底上得到了择优取向的ＰｂＴｉＯ_３薄膜．ＬａＡｌＯ_３衬底上的ＰｂＴｉＯ_３薄膜有ａ和ｃ两个取向，也就是薄膜中存在着９０°畴结构，而生长在ＳｒＴｉＯ_３衬底上的ＰｂＴｉＯ_３薄膜中只存在ｃ方向的择优取向．由于薄膜的尺度效应，发现ｃ轴晶格常数与块材相比均缩短．Ｘ射线的φ扫描验证了后两类薄膜的外延特性，利用同步辐射的高强度和高能量分辨率用摇摆曲线方法研究了这两种外延薄膜的品质，进一步证明了ＳｒＴｉＯ_３衬底上的ＰｂＴｉＯ_３薄膜的单畴特性．利用重掺杂的硅衬底作底电极，测量显示直接生长于硅衬底上的ＰｂＴｉＯ_３多晶薄膜具有良好的铁电性能 关键词：     

X荧光光谱分析中衬底对薄膜的二次荧光效应

衬底对薄膜的增强效应公式厚度为D的多元素薄膜f沉积在衬底s上受到X光管源的激发。如图1所示。原级激发谱线I_λ到达衬底dx单元的X光强度为:     

Conductance Theory of Nonideal Plasmas

The conductivity of nonideal plasmas is investigated by using the kinetic theory as well as the Kubo-type correlation function theory. The effects of dynamical screening, short range forces and the Debye-Onsager relaxation effect on the conductance problem are considered without and with quantum mechanical corrections. For some special plasmas it is found that deviations from Coulomb's law and quantum effects have only a small effect on the conductivity, whereas the numerically most important effects are connected with the dynamical screening and with the Debye-Onsager relaxation force.     

ICP-AES中若干易电离和非易电离元素的非光谱干扰机理初探

研究了钠、铝对不同电离能和激发能的分析谱线的干扰效应。结果表明干扰效应的大小与干扰剂性质、分析物性质、分析谱线特性及ICP操作参数有密切关系。较系统地讨论了干扰产生的原因。提出了“干扰函数”的概念,该函数可用于统一表征各类非光谱干扰与分析物挥发、原子化、激发、电离过程的依赖关系。     

Giant uniaxial stress-permeability effect on electrical parameters of heterotypic MnZn ferrite devices and electromagnetic effect

The effects of uniaxial stress on permeability and electrical parameters of heterotypic manganite zinc (MnZn) ferrite devices have been investigated. Giant stress-permeability, stress-capacitance and stress-impedance that are independent of skin effects have been simultaneously observed to exist in a wide range of frequency at room temperature. All the uniaxial stress effects enhance with increasing the permeability of the ferrite. The stress-inductance is same as the stress-impedance and reverse to the stress-capacitance in phase. The stress effects under uniaxial pulling force are analogical with those under uniaxial pressing force. A composite of electrostrain/stress-permeability has been fabricated. Its electromagnetic effects have been observed to be homologous with the stress effects and can also exist in wide range of frequency but display some maximums. Analysis shows that both stress and electromagnetic effects originate from the variation of the magnetic domain structure in the ferrites caused by applied mechanical stress.     

晶体电光和非线性光学效应的离子基团理论(Ⅰ)——利用氧八面体畸变模型计算BaTiO3晶体电光及倍频系数

本文对钙钛矿型晶体的电光及倍频效应的机理提出了一个(MO₆)离子基团模型。并从(TiO₆)离子基团的准分子轨道及晶格场位能作用下的(TiO₆)离子基团的离子键轨道出发,利用ABDP理论,分别计算了BaTiO₃的各个电光及倍频系数。计算结果表明,在没有引入任何可调整参量的情况下,用(TiO₆)离子基团的晶格场理论所得到的电光及倍频系数的计算值和实验值符合得相当好,而准分子轨道对这些效应的贡献很小。由     

冲击作用下的摩擦力效应实验研究

针对摩擦力效应产生的机理, 本文设计了三种不同尺寸的试件进行SHPB实验, 得到了摩擦力效应对实验的定量影响, 在此基础上对混凝土的DIF进行了修正研究, 为混凝土抗冲击工程设计提供了参考依据. 关键词： 冲击 混凝土 SHPB 摩擦力     

Resistance to stress and Hc functional modulation in Liocarcinus sp

This study is included in a project aimed to study the alterations on the structure of the Northern Adriatic Sea ecosystem produced by fishing activity. The indirect or secondary effects of fishery such as the changes of the structure and trophic relationships of the ecosystem are under investigation and we have particularly considered the effects on species such as Liocarcinus depurator that are captured and then rejected because devoid of commercial value. The objective of this study is the Liocarcinus sp. adaptative resistance to stress and the effects of biochemical parameters (allosteric effectors) on Hc functional modulation.     

Hall effects on thermosolutal instability of a rotating plasma

Summary The thermosolutal instability of a rotating plasma in the presence of a uniform vertical magnetic field is studied to include the effects of Hall current. When the instability sets in as stationary convection for the case of no rotation, the Hall effects are found to be destabilizing. The stable solute gradient and rotation are found to have stabilizing effects. In the presence of rotation the Hall currents are found to be stabilizing forT ₁>M(1+x)². the case of overstability is also considered and it is shown that such solutions exist. The variation of the frequency with respect to the wave number at the neutral state is graphically shown. The authors of this paper have agreed to not receive the proofs for correction.     

Finite element modelling of piezolaminated smart structures for active vibration control with distributed sensors and actuators

Finite element modelling of laminated structures with distributed piezoelectric sensor and actuator layers and control electronics is considered in this paper. Beam, plate and shell type elements have been developed incorporating the stiffness, mass and electromechanical coupling effects of the piezoelectric laminates. The effects of temperature on the electrical and mechanical properties and the coupling between them are also taken into consideration in the finite element formulation. The piezoelectric beam element is based on Timoshenko beam theory. The plate/shell element is a nine-noded field-consistent element based on first order shear deformation theory. Constant-gain negative velocity feedback, Lyapunov feedback as well as a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) approach have been used for active vibration control with the structures subjected to impact, harmonic and random excitations. The influence of the pyroelectric effects on the vibration control performance is also investigated. The LQR approach is found to be more effective in vibration control with lesser peak voltages applied in the piezo actuator layers as in this case the control gains are obtained by minimizing a performance index. The application of these elements in high-performance, light-weight structural systems is highlighted.     

Algae and UV irradiation: effects on ultrastructure and related metabolic functions

The effects of ultraviolet radiation in the biological relevant wavebands of UV-A (315-400 nm) and UV-B (280-315 nm) on algae have become an important issue as a man-made depletion of the protecting ozone layer has been reported. However, experimental designs to investigate this issue are manifold and the target organisms are extremely diverse. Data are included from the prokaryotic cyanobacteria, haptophytes, diatoms, brown algae to green algae (fresh water, snow algae and marine species) including different habitats from marine littoral and open ocean to freshwater ponds, lakes and snow fields. A broad overview on UV effects on algae is given, with a focus on structurally visible changes. Here we report on destruction in chloroplasts, mitochondria, and the occurrence of structures that are likely to be related to the UV stress. In addition several new data are presented from organisms that have to face naturally high UV irradiation due to their habitats. As no disturbances are reported in these organisms, they obviously have a set of protective mechanisms allowing survival in extreme habitats such as snow fields. Physiological changes as a consequence of UV irradiation are included, effects on the DNA level are summarized, and avoidance strategies are discussed. Every effort has been made to summarize the diverse observations and critically evaluate and compare the different experimental strategies to study UV effects in algae.     

Tracks to therapy

Studies of the structure of particle tracks have led to models of track effects based on radial dose and radiobiological target theory that have been very successful in describing and predicting track effects in physical, chemical, and biological systems. For describing mammalian cellular inactivation two inactivation modes are required, called gamma-kill and ion-kill, the first due to synergistic effects of delta rays from adjacent ion paths thus resembling the effects from gamma rays, and the second to the effects of single ion transits through a cell nucleus. The ion-kill effect is more severe, where the fraction of cells experiencing ion kill is responsible for a decrease in the oxygen enhancement ratio, and an increase in relative biological effectiveness, but these are accompanied by loss of repair, hence to a reduction in the efficiency of fractionation in high LET therapy, as shown by our calculations for radiobiological effects in the “spread out Bragg Peak”.