双道氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定核电用钢中痕量砷和锑

建立了双道氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定核电用钢中痕量砷和锑的新方法。用王水溶解样品,以2.0 g/L L-半胱氨酸溶液作为预还原剂,在低酸度条件下实现对砷、锑的预还原。用20 g/L硼氢化钾溶液作为还原剂,氢化物发生反应在0.5 mol/L乙酸介质中进行。砷、锑的质量浓度在40μg/L范围与相应的荧光强度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)分别为0.032μg/L和0.022μg/L。应用此方法同时测定了核电用钢及不锈钢标准样品中的砷锑含量,并与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法的分析结果作了对比,测定值与标准样品的标准值相符,结果的相对标准偏差(n=8)均小于5.0%。     

用纸上层析分离分光光度法测定含金(铊)矿石中的锑

目前,测定含金(铊)矿石中的锑,无论是碱性染料法或是碘化钾-罗丹明B(6G)-聚乙烯醇法,都相当程度的受金、铊的干扰,即使加入大量的掩蔽剂也无法消除。本文是藉助于纸层析法将金、铊分离,然后用孔雀绿显色分光光度法测定含金(铊)矿石中的锑。经实验表明,在此条件下,金80μg、铊100μg不干扰测定,方法回收率在90％以上,变动系数为5.5％左右,测定范围为0.0x-x.0％。 (一)分析手续称取0.5000g试样于100ml的烧杯中,用水润湿后加盐酸和磷酸混酸(4:1)15Ml,加热煮沸溶解后定     

氢化物发生-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定钢中微量砷、锑、铋

样品经盐酸-硝酸(3+1)溶液溶解,高氯酸冒烟后,用氢化物发生-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定钢中微量砷、锑和铋的含量。研究了介质的酸度、硼氢化钾的浓度对3种元素信号强度的影响,并考察了其他元素对3元素测量的化学干扰。选择波长为189.042,217.58,223.06nm的3条谱线依次作为测定砷、锑和铋的分析线。砷、锑和铋的检出限(3s/k)分别为0.48,3.5,2.0μg.L-1。应用此法测定2个标准样品(GSBH40064-93和BH4265)中3种元素的含量,测定值与标准值相一致。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定铝合金中痕量锑

铝合金样品用盐酸及硝酸的混合酸溶解,于分取的部分试样溶液中加入碘化钾-硫脲混合溶液后用盐酸(5+95)定容为50 mL,供氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定其中痕量锑。用40 g.L-1碘化钾溶液作为锑(Ⅴ)的预还原剂,40 g.L-1硫脲溶液作为其他可形成氢化物的元素的掩蔽剂,选用20 g.L-1硼氢化钾溶液作为产生锑化氢的还原剂,氢化物发生反应在盐酸(5+95)介质中进行,锑的质量浓度在0.05~50.0μg.L-1范围内与相应的荧光强度呈线性关系。方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.016μg.L-1。应用此方法分析了两件铝合金标准样品,测得锑量的结果与认定值相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=8)分别为2.14%和3.16%。     

原子荧光光谱法测定工作场所空气中的锑

用微孔滤膜采集工作场所空气中气溶胶态锑及其化合物,采集的样品经消解后用原子荧光光谱法测定其中的锑含量。对还原隐蔽剂的选择及样品的稳定性进行了探讨。锑浓度在0.0～40.0μg/L范围内与荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.9996,加标回收率为93.6%～97.1%,方法的检出限为0.10μg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.52%～3.19%(n=6)。该方法适用于工作场所空气中锑浓度的测定。     

挥发排锑-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定铅锑精矿中铊

采用盐硝混酸+氢氟酸溶解样品,氢溴酸挥发除锑的方法,避免高含量锑在溶液中不稳定及对铊测定的干扰,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定了铅锑精矿中铊的含量。铅锑精矿经过前处理后,样品溶液中锑的残留量均小于10μg/m L。选择铱作内标,将方法应用于实际样品中铊的测定,相对标准偏差小于5%,回收率为97.2%~107%,选择6家试验室协同验证,经统计检验测试结果间无明显差异。方法适用于铅锑精矿中铊的测定。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定矿石中铂、钯、铑、铱

矿石样品铂、钯、铑和铱经铅试金富集,所得金属合粒用硝酸-盐酸溶解,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定矿石样品中铂、钯、铑和铱的含量。在优化的石墨炉工作条件下测得:铂的质量浓度在20～150μg.L-1、钯在15～120μg.L-1、铑和铱在6～100μg.L-1范围内与其吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)依次为4.6,4.0,1.5,1.5μg.L-1。方法用于分析了2种矿石国家标准物质(GBW 07341、GBW 07342),测定结果与认定值相符。方法的回收率在87.6%～105.5%之间。测定值的日内和日间相对标准偏差(n=7)分别在2.8%～3.6%和3.5%～4.7%之间。     

碱熔样电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑矿石中锑

建立了碱熔样电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑矿中总锑的方法。探讨了熔样时间、熔样温度、溶解液酸度及组成对测定结果的影响。以过氧化钠作为熔剂,于650℃熔样15 min,加入1.0 g/L酒石酸调节样品溶液的酸度以防止水解,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑的含量,方法线性范围为0.00~50.0 mg/L,检出限为50.0μg/g,8个样品独立测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于5%(n=11),标准样品测定结果与标准值基本吻合。该方法适用于锑矿中总锑的含量测定。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定高锑烟尘中的银、铅、镉

建立了火焰原子吸收光谱法测定高锑烟尘中的银、铅、镉的分析方法。试样经王水、高氯酸溶解后,利用四价锑的溴化物沸点较低的性质,将锑挥发除去,以消除基体锑对测定的干扰,在盐酸-高氯酸-硫脲介质中实现了银、铅、镉的连续测定。方法检出限:Ag为0.003 7μg/mL,Pb为0.019 8μg/mL,Cd为0.001 6μg/mL。相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11):Ag为0.92%~1.04%,Pb为1.29%~2.21%,Cd为1.99%~2.22%。加标回收率:Ag为99.30%~101.8%,Pb为98.60%~102.5%,Cd为98.40%~104.0%。方法准确、可靠、简便、快速,完全适用于高锑烟尘中银、铅、镉的测定。     

滤纸还原–硫酸铈滴定法测定含锑铅精矿中锑

建立滤纸还原-硫酸铈滴定法测定含锑铅精矿中锑含量的方法。采用硫酸、硝酸溶解样品,以滤纸作还原剂,在盐酸介质中,用磷酸掩蔽高价铁,以甲基橙和亚甲基蓝为指示剂,于80~90℃下,用硫酸铈标准溶液滴定至溶液突变至亮蓝色(铁含量高时为黄绿色)为终点。在实验条件下对3个含锑铅精矿样品进行分析,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.7%~2.2%(n=8),加标回收率为95%~106%。分别采用该方法和锑矿石中锑的国家标准分析方法GB/T 15925-2010对含锑铅精矿样品进行测定,两种方法的测定值基本一致,相对误差为1.4%~4.5%。该方法准确度高,精密度好,成本低,适用于铅精矿中锑含量的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.