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研究并实现了L波段电子自旋共振三维成像(3D-EPRI)专用的三维梯度磁场系统, 主磁场及扫描磁场系统以及相应的驱动控制系统. 梯度场线圈采用在铜板上用电切割方法加工的平板式线圈, 避免了用铜导线绕制线圈体积较大的缺点, 从而缩小了主磁场的体积和极间距. 梯度场强度在三维方向上均达到200 mT/m, 驱动电流为20 A. 三维空间线性度均优于5%; 线性区域大于直径42 mm的球形空间. 两磁极间距离为63 mm, 可以容纳通常体积的L波段谐振腔. 主磁场和扫描场线圈固定在同一轭铁架上. 它们可分别产生1.6~96 mT和0.2~16 mT的线性变化磁场. 5组磁场线圈(包括主磁场, 扫描磁场和三维梯度磁场)分别由5台独立的恒流驱动电源控制驱动. 电源通过数据接口由计算机控制. 初步成像实验证明本工作所建立的磁场和梯度磁场系统可以用于EPRI实验. 相似文献
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在很多精密原子光谱实验中,杂散磁场或者磁场强度的不均匀所引入的系统误差,是影响实验不确定度的主要因素之一.为保证测量精度,必须实现精密的磁场控制.氦原子精细结构的精密光谱测量可用于测定精细结构常数,同时也是检验多电子原子体系量子电动力学理论的一种重要方法.本文介绍所设计制作的磁屏蔽系统和余弦线圈产生精密可控磁场,并利用He原子光谱对所加磁场进行了精密测定.磁屏蔽结构可将外磁场降低到小于0.8 mGs(1 Gs=10-4T),控制磁场在20 Gs范围内时,光谱测量区域磁场的不均匀性和控制误差均小于10 mGs.在此实验条件下,氦原子精细结构精密光谱测量中磁场所导致的系统误差小于0.2 kHz. 相似文献
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L波段三维ESR成像系统的研制(Ⅰ)——L波段ESR成像的磁场及三维梯度磁场系统 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
研究并实现了L波段电子自旋共振三维成像(3D-EPRI)专用的三维梯度磁场系统,主磁场及扫描磁场系统以及相应的驱动控制系统. 梯度场线圈采用在铜板上用电切割方法加工的 平板式线圈,避免了用铜导线绕制线圈体积较大的缺点,从而缩小了主磁场的体积和极间距 . 梯度场强度在三维方向上均达到200 mT/m,驱动电流为20 A. 三维空 间线性度均优于5%;线性区域大于直径42 mm的球形空间. 两磁极间距离为63 mm,可以容纳通常体积的L波段谐振腔. 主磁场和扫描场线圈固定在同一轭铁架上. 它们可分别产生1.6~ 96 mT和0.2~16 mT的线性变化磁场. 5组磁场线圈(包括主磁场, 扫描磁场和三维梯度磁场)分别由5台独立的恒流驱动电源控制驱动. 电源通过数据接口由计算机控制. 初步成像实 验证明本工作所建立的磁场和梯度磁场系统可以用于EPRI实验. 相似文献
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我们在10×10mm2的SrTiO3双晶基片上,设计并制备了YBCO双晶结dc-SQUID一阶平面式梯度计.其基线长度为5.5mm,该梯度计能够在无屏蔽环境下稳定的工作.在77K下,200Hz时,其磁通噪声为1×10-4Φ0/Hz,能够分辨的最小磁场梯度为94pT/m.我们将该器件作为磁传感器,可以利用涡流检测的原理对非磁金属进行无损检测.实验结果表明,可以很清楚地分辨出10mm以下的缺陷.同时,我们还研究了激励线圈的尺寸与空间分辨率的关系,结果表明若激励线圈足够大,则对于梯度计和缺陷而言感受到的是均匀磁场的激励,因此涡流的分布只与缺陷的形状有关,而空间分辨率取决于梯度计的基线长度和磁场分布. 相似文献
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空间环境地面模拟装置是哈尔滨工业大学承建的国家重大科技基础设施项目,其包含的空间等离子体环境模拟与研究系统是用于提供磁重联过程等基本物理过程的时空演化规律研究的平台。在研究地球磁尾三维磁重联时,使用处于真空环境内的偶极磁场线圈和两个磁镜场线圈来提供研究所需的模拟背景磁场,其中偶极场线圈为一个总电感为17.4 mH、总电阻为30.25 mΩ的单个线圈,而磁镜场线圈为两个线圈镜像对称设置并串联连接,总电感30.16 mH,总电阻58.81 mΩ。为了产生实验所需背景磁场的幅值和持续时间,研制并测试了两套总能量3.36 MJ的脉冲电源,在进行地球磁尾三维磁重联实验时两套电源需要同时工作。用于驱动偶极场线圈的脉冲电源按照实验需求可以在充电压不大于20 kV的情况下,能够提供超过9 kA的峰值电流,95%峰值电流的持续时间超过了5 ms,由峰值时刻降低到10%峰值时刻的时间不超过130 ms;用于驱动磁镜场线圈的脉冲电源按照实验需求可以在充电压不大于20 kV的情况下,能够提供超过8 kA峰的值电流,95%峰值电流的持续时间超过了5 ms,由峰值时刻降低到10%峰值时刻的时间不超过130 ms。 相似文献
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采用电磁场模拟软件CST Studio中的电磁工作室计算了HL-2M装置纵向和极向场线圈在装置周边的磁场时空分布。计算结果表明,在中性束注入器中性化室及离子源引出区域的磁场超过2-10-3T,需要在注入器的中性化和离子源区域采用磁屏蔽结构。利用CST软件模拟计算了基于纯铁材料的NBI 注入器离子源及中性化区域的磁屏蔽罩内的磁场分布。 相似文献
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极化率测量装置是极化3He系统的重要组成部分之一.本文介绍了一套在极化3He系统上搭建的激光探测自由感应衰减核磁共振(FID NMR)信号的实验装置,该装置有望为3He极化率的高精度实时测量提供新的途径.激光探测法的原理是法拉第旋光效应,该方法使用一束线偏振光探测极化3He磁矩绕主磁场进动的FID信号,实验结果表明相较于拾波线圈探测方法,激光探测方法的信噪比提高了106%,对3He的极化率测量更精确.该探测方法有望替代传统的拾波线圈,广泛地应用于3He极化系统的极化率测量或精密测量实验中. 相似文献
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极化3He的一项重要应用是中子的极化.中国绵阳研究堆(CMRR)已建立国内首个自旋交换光学泵浦(SEOP)极化3He中子极化系统.为了监测3He的极化率随时间的相对变化情况,本文首先设计了基于核磁共振(NMR)技术的3He相对极化率测量系统,通过Matlab控制程序实现了对3He相对极化率的定时检测.然后对拾波线圈的构形和信噪比(SNR)进行了优化.结果表明当绕线长度一样时,Brooks构形的线圈有利于提高SNR;当线圈的平均半径为(a0+d)/√2(a0为3He气室的半径,d为拾波线圈与气室之间的距离)时,其SNR最高.最后对该系统的本底噪声进行了测量,发现其主要来源于环境噪声(0.27 μV/√Hz)和数据采集(DAQ)卡的噪声(0.40 μV/√Hz),系统的总噪声功率谱密度约为√0.16+0.073G2 μV/√Hz(G为放大器的增益倍数). 相似文献
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极化中子照相技术通过分析极化中子束的自旋相移对样品磁场进行成像, 自旋极化/分析装置是照相系统的主要组成部分. 引入中子自旋极化/分析装置的极化效率参数, 从中子极化矢量与磁场相互作用机理出发, 重新推导探测中子强度与磁场分布的定量关系, 利用谱仪模拟软件VITESS, 选取bender型超镜极化器和 3He 自旋过滤器作为极化/分析装置, 对量化修正式进行验证, 并综合装置极化效率、单色器能量分辨精度和bender型极化器的几何结构等参数, 初步分析极化中子照相技术的磁场定量检测能力, 相关结果可为极化中子照相的实验数据处理技术研究及装置设计提供参考.
关键词:
极化效率
中子照相
磁场成像 相似文献
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The hyperfine structures of the z7P3 and z7P4 states of 95Mo and 97Mo have been investigated by levelcrossing spectroscopy. A fit of the experimental signal curves yields the magnetic and electric hfs coupling constants: 95Mo z7P3 |A| = 86.19(10) MHz, |B|=5.2(30) MHz, A/B095Mo z7P4 |A|=64.05(30) MHz, |B|=4.3(30) MHz, A/B<0; 97Mo z7P3|A|= 88.0(1) MHz, |B|=60.0(20) MHz, A/B<0; 97Mo z7P4 |A|=65.4(3) MHz, |B|=50.0(50) MHz, A/B0. For the ratio of the electric quadrupole moments we fine 97Q/95 Q= -11.5(70). 相似文献
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We have discovered unexpected features in the NMR signal of the 3He– 4He mixture inside the mixing chamber of a 4He circulating dilution refrigerator. The dilution process not only cools the liquid in the mixing chamber to 12–15 mK but also enhances the nuclear spin polarization of the concentrated as well as the dilute phase to nearly four times the equilibrium value in a magnetic field of 9.36 T. The NMR features are ascribed to standing spin waves trapped by falling dilute phase droplets. The temperature and polarization dependence of the quality factor of the spin-wave modes contradicts evidence from previous work that favored zero temperature spin-wave damping in moderately polarized degenerate Fermi liquids. 相似文献
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The hyperspherical formalism is applied in the framework of the microscopic generator-coordinate method. Three-cluster systems are described with a single generator coordinate, the hyperradius. This model is a natural extension of previous microscopic theories, and can be applied to bound states and resonances in a range of nuclei exhibiting a cluster structure. As an illustrative example, the model is applied to 6He and 6Li. Density distributions and electric dipole transition strengths are calculated, including B(E2;0+→2+) in 6He. The results are consistent with a neutron halo structure for the ground state of 6He, and with a proton–neutron halo structure of its isobaric analog state in 6Li. No 1− “soft dipole” resonance is found in 6He. 相似文献
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随着脉冲强流中子源的发展,对高性能中子探测器提出了更大的挑战,3He气体资源严重短缺和高计数率中子探测器的迫切需求,已开始制约着中子源应用技术的发展。中国科学院高能物理研究所针对中子的特殊性,专门研发了一种陶瓷基材的nTHGEM(neutron Thick Gaseous Electron Multiplier)探测器用于中子探测。基于nTHGEM的中子探测器具有高计数率、高位置与时间分辨能力、增益大、制作工艺简单,且便于大面积制作的特点,是目前国际上发展替代3He探测技术的重要方向之一。为了详细研究nTHGEM探测器的本身性能,本工作使用55Fe放射源研究了nTHGEM探测器的增益、计数率稳定性、能量分辨率等关键参数与nTHGEM膜间电压、收集场强、漂移场强之间的关系,优化了nTHGEM探测器在不同工作气体中的工作参数,为后续进一步优化nTHGEM探测器设计和工艺奠定了基础。实验结果表明,单层nTHGEM探测器在Ar(90%)+CO2(10%)混合气体中增益能达到103,探测器计数率稳定性良好。另外,还在中国原子能科学研究院的CARR反应堆(China Advanced Research Reactor)上进行了中子束流实验,通过狭缝测量到探测器位置分辨率为(3.01±0.03)mm(FWHM),已经接近高气压3He MWPC中子探测器水平。With the development of pulsed intense neutron source, the high-performance neutron detector poses more challenges. The severe shortage of 3He gas resources and the urgent need of neutron detector with high counting rate have begun to restrict the neutron source application technology development. In response to the particularity of neutrons, the Institute of High Energy Physics of CAS developed a nTHGEM(neutron Thick Gaseous Electron Multiplier)of ceramic substrate for neutron detection. The neutron detector based on nTHGEM is one of the most important directions for the development of alternative 3He detection technology in the world at present because of its high counting rate, high position and time resolution, large gain, simple fabrication process and large area production. In order to study the properties of nTHGEM detector in detail, this paper studied the relationship between nTHGEM detector's gain, counting rate stability, energy resolution and other key parameters and nTHGEM film voltage, collection field strength and drift field strength using 55Fe radioactive source, Optimized the working parameters of nTHGEM detector in different working gases, which laid the foundation for further optimization of nTHGEM detector design and process. The experimental results show that the single-layer nTHGEM detector has a gain of 103 in a Ar(90%)+CO2(10%) mixed gas with good counting rate stability. In addition, a neutron beam experiment was performed on the China Advanced Research Reactor at the China Institute of Atomic Energy, and the position resolution of the detector was (3.01±0.03) mm (FWHM) measured by slits. Its performance is close to the high pressure 3He MWPC neutron detector level. 相似文献
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Modulation of absorption manner in helicon discharges by changing profile of low axial magnetic field 下载免费PDF全文
The modulation of absorption manner in helicon discharge by changing the profile of low axial magnetic field is explored experimentally in this work. The experiments are carried out in Boswell-type antenna driven by 13.56-MHz power source in 0.35-Pa argon environment. The peak of the external non-uniform magnetic field(B_(ex)) along the axis is observed in a range from 0 Gs to 250 Gs(1 Gs = 10~(-4) T), where the electron density varies from 0.5×10~(16) m~(-3) to 9×10~(16) m~(-3).When Bex is located near the tube upper end sealed by a dielectric plate, or near the tube bottom end connected with a diffusion chamber, the plasmas are centralized in the tube in the former case while the strong luminance appears between the edge of the tube and the axial line in the latter case. When Bex is located in the middle of the antenna, moreover, an effective resistance(R_(eff)) peak appears apparently with increasing magnetic field. The glow moves toward first the edge of the tube and then the two antenna legs as the magnetic field increases. The discharge in this case is caused by the absorption of Trivelpiece–Gould(TG) wave. It is suggested that B_(ex) is located in the middle of the antenna to obtain a higher efficiency of power transfer. 相似文献
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87Sr原子存在核自旋,在磁场作用下原子能级会分裂成不同塞曼子能级.通过光抽运对原子进行自旋极化,其自旋极化谱线的探测为锶光钟系统的闭环锁定提供精确的频率参考.本文对~(87)Sr原子钟跃迁能级5s~2~1S_0→5s5p~3P_0中的m_F=+9/2和m_F=-9/2的塞曼磁子能级自旋极化谱线进行了探测.经过一级宽带冷却和二级窄线宽冷却与俘获后,锶冷原子温度为3.9μK,原子数目为3.5×10~6.利用邻近"魔术波长"的813.426 nm半导体激光光源实现水平方向的一维光晶格装载.采用归一化探测方法用线宽为Hz量级的698 nm钟激光对~1S_0→~3P_0偶极禁戒跃迁进行探测,在150 ms的探测时间下获得线宽为6.7 Hz的钟跃迁简并谱.在磁光阱竖直方向施加一个300 mGs的偏置磁场获得塞曼分裂谱,并通过689 nm的圆偏振自旋极化光进行光抽运,最终在探测时间为150 ms时,获得左右旋极化谱线线宽分别为6.2 Hz和6.8 Hz. 相似文献