分散固相萃取/高效液相色谱-离子阱飞行时间高分辨质谱法对纺织品中全氟化合物的快速筛查和确证

采用液相色谱离子阱飞行时间串联质谱(LC-MS-IT-TOF)技术,结合分散固相萃取净化方法,建立了纺织品中全氟化合物快速筛查、定性识别和准确定量的分析方法,构建了14种全氟化合物的多级碎片离子质谱图数据库。样品用甲醇超声提取,提取液经C18吸附剂净化后,以C8色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,3.5μm)分离,5 mmol/L乙酸铵-甲醇为流动相梯度洗脱。考察了吸附剂种类和用量对加标回收率的影响,优化了净化条件。结果显示,14种全氟化合物的检出限为1~10μg/kg,在10,50,100μg/kg 3个加标水平下的平均回收率为49.2%~101.4%,相对标准偏差为1.1%~14.0%。该方法利用精确质量数匹配和自建标准谱库检索进行快速筛查,并使用保留时间和多级特征碎片离子进行定性确证,具有简便、快速、高效、准确等优点,可用于纺织品中全氟化合物的快速筛查和确证。     

牛奶、母乳中全氟化合物分析方法的研究

建立了HPLC-ESI-MS/MS联用技术测定奶制品中12种全氟化合物(PFCs)的方法.12种全氟化合物包括9种常见PFCs和2种调聚酸及一种全氟磺酰胺.对比了MTBE液-液萃取、甲酸、乙腈和甲醇萃取这4种萃取方法对12种全氟化合物的萃取和回收效果.最终选用甲醇作为萃取溶剂,并选取WAX作为固相萃取柱对萃取的溶液进行净化,方法对12种PFCs的加标回收在83.5%～113.3%之间,检出限0.005～0.092 μg/L.最后完成了对纯牛奶,早餐奶和母乳样品中12种PFCs的分析.     

分散液液微萃取-气相色谱/质谱法测定中药甘草中邻苯二甲酸酯残留

建立了一种简单、快速、有效测定中药甘草中5种邻苯二甲酸酯(DBP、BBP、DCHP、DEHP、DNOP)的分散液液微萃取-气相色谱/质谱(DLLME-GC/MS)检测方法。甘草样品经甲醇浸泡提取,水分散和盐析后用100μL四氯化碳萃取浓缩,采用GC/MS法测定,标准曲线定量。5种目标物在1~5 000μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.9990,方法的检出限和定量限在0.16~0.58μg/kg和0.34~1.92μg/kg范围。在3个加标浓度水平下的平均回收率为87.80%~120.63%,相对标准偏差小于7.43%。该方法适用于不同产地中药材甘草中环境激素邻苯二甲酸酯类残留的测定。     

通过式固相萃取-液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱快速筛查鱼肉中全氟化合物及其前体物质

采用通过式固相萃取技术去除样品基质中脂肪和磷脂等杂质干扰,利用液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱( LC-Q Exactuve Orbutrap MS)的同时定性定量功能,建立了鱼肉中18种全氟化合物( Perfluoru-nated compounds, PFCs)及其21种前体物质的同时分析方法。样品经90%乙腈溶液提取,Oasus PRuME HLB通过式固相萃取柱净化,C18色谱柱分离,同时在液相色谱系统混合器和进样器之间串联一根延迟色谱柱,去除液相色谱系统的背景干扰;质谱数据采集使用Q Exactuve高分辨质谱的Full MS/dd-MS2监测模式,以Full MS一级质谱全扫描提取母离子精确质量数所得的色谱峰面积进行定量,以保留时间和dd-MS2数据依赖子离子扫描所得的二级子离子质谱图进行定性确证。39种目标物的精确质量数偏差不大于3×10-6,浓度与母离子峰面积的线性关系良好,相关系数≥0.99,检出限为0.02~0.50μg/kg。基质加标回收率在61.7%~122%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为6.9%~18.8%。本方法实现了18种PFCs及其21种前体物质的同时确证和测定,拓展了生物基质中全氟化合物的检测种类,而且前处理方法更为简化、部分化合物的灵敏度比文献报道方法提高约一个数量级,为全氟化合物前体物质的生物转化研究提供了高效的技术基础。     

UPLC-MS/MS检测鸡蛋中16种磺胺类药物残留

采用UPLC-MS/MS建立了鸡蛋中16种磺胺类药物残留检测方法。样品经过磷酸盐缓冲液提取、正己烷分步去脂,氮吹、MCX柱净化后,经Acquity UPLC BEH(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)分离,以甲醇和0.1%加酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,16种化合物能在11 min完全分离,方法的定量限均低于1.0μg/kg,在2.5~100μg/L范围内,16种磺胺类药物线性良好,相关系数均在0.99以上;通过2,10,40μg/kg加标回收实验表明,回收率为62.7%~96.1%,RSD为2.1%~15%。方法满足鸡蛋中磺胺类药物残留检测要求。     

分散固相萃取-气相色谱/串联质谱法测定竹笋中38种持久性有机污染物

建立了同时测定竹笋中9种多环芳烃(PCBs)、16种多氯联苯(PAHs)和13种有机氯农药(OCPs)的分散固相萃取-气相色谱法-串联质谱(DSPE-GC-MS/MS)分析方法。竹笋样品经乙腈提取,以无水MgSO_4、弗罗里硅土和十八烷基键合硅胶吸附剂(C18)作为分散固相萃取净化剂净化,经气相色谱-串联质谱测定,外标法定量。结果表明,方法实现了对38种持久性有机化合物的分离和定量,分析物含量在2~1000μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数在0.9960~0.9998之间;方法检出限范围0.035~5.55μg/kg;38种持久性有机污染物在低、中、高添加浓度下的平均加标回收率为67.6%~113.6%,相对标准偏差为1.7%~9.5%。方法可对竹笋样品中38种持久性有机污染物定性和定量。     

气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定鸡蛋中氟虫氰及其代谢残留

建立了QuEChERS快速提取和净化样品,气相色谱-三重四级杆质谱联用法测定鸡蛋中氟虫腈及其代谢物氟甲腈、氟虫腈砜、氟虫腈亚砜的方法。水和乙腈萃取、C_(18)和PSA净化样品,气相色谱分离,多反应离子监测模式测定。氟虫腈及其3种代谢物在5~400μg/L范围内线性关系良好,方法的检出限为1.0~2.5μg/kg;定量限为3.0~7.5μg/kg。在两个浓度水平进行加标,上述4种测定物的回收率为72.5%~95.3%,相对标准偏差为3.7%~7.5%。本方法可满足鸡蛋中氟虫腈及其代谢物氟甲腈、氟虫腈砜、氟虫腈亚砜残留检测的实际需要。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定土壤中的氯酸盐和高氯酸盐北大核心CSCD

针对土壤样品的分析,建立了一种同时测定氯酸盐和高氯酸盐含量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)法。样品经过超声提取、高速离心去除杂质,上清液过固相萃取柱及滤膜净化,用液-质联用仪测定,内标法定量。氯酸盐在2.00~200 ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9997,检出限为6.0μg/kg,定量限为20.0μg/kg,加标回收率在92.0%~102.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.9%;高氯酸盐在1.00~100 ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9996,检出限为4.0μg/kg,定量限为10.0μg/kg,加标回收率在94.6%~108.0%,RSD为3.6%。该方法操作简单、测定结果稳定,可用于土壤中氯酸盐和高氯酸盐含量的测定。     

UPLC-MS/MS同时测定蔬菜中阿维菌素等5种常用农药残留量

建立了同时测定蔬菜样品中阿维菌素、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)、吡虫啉、茚虫威及代森锌残留量的超高压液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)。样品经0.1%氢氧化钠溶液(含10 mmol/L L-半胱氨酸和10 mmol/L EDTA-Na2)预处理后,以乙腈作为提取溶剂,经0.2 g C18+0.05 g石墨化碳(GCB)基质分散固相萃取净化。各待测物经Thermo Hypersil BDS C18(100 mm×4.6 mm,2.6μm)色谱柱进行分离,以10 mmol/L氨水-乙腈作流动相梯度洗脱,串联质谱法对5种农药残留量进行测定。结果表明,代森锌在50~2 000μg/L范围内,另4种农药在5~200μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)为0.995 1~0.999 9。在0.5~500μg/kg加标浓度下,豆角、辣椒、青菜、黄瓜、芦笋、蕃茄中5种农药的加标回收率为70.8%~103.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.5%~13.9%;代森锌的检出限为8.2~30μg/kg,定量下限为27~100μg/kg,其余4种农药的检出限为0.02~0.7μg/kg,定量下限为0.07~2.3μg/kg。方法快速准确、经济实用,可满足日常检测的需要。     

同位素稀释液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鸡蛋中金刚烷胺类药物残留量

建立了鸡蛋中金刚烷胺、金刚乙胺和美金刚残留量的分散固相萃取液相色谱-串联质谱测定方法。方法在优化流动相组成和柱温条件后,对同分异构体金刚乙胺和美金刚获得了满意的分离效果。鸡蛋样品经乙酸乙腈提取后,用PSA和C18填料进行分散固相萃取净化,净化液经氮气吹干后用0.1%甲酸-甲醇(90∶10)溶解,过滤膜后进行LC-MS/MS分析。采用Acquity BEH C18色谱柱分离,用0.1%甲酸溶液-甲醇作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式电离,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,同位素稀释内标法定量。结果显示3种药物在0.10~10.0μg/L质量浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系,线性系数均大于0.999;在鸡蛋中的方法检出限均为0.15μg/kg,定量下限均为0.50μg/kg。3种药物在鸡蛋中的加标浓度为0.50,0.75,1.0μg/kg时,平均回收率为96.2%~105.9%,批内相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.7%~4.5%,批间RSD为4.1%~5.3%。该方法能满足鸡蛋中金刚烷胺、金刚乙胺和美金刚残留量分析的要求。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.