纳米NaY分子筛的合成及其催化柴油加氢改质性能

在系统考察添加阳离子表面活性剂、凝胶陈化以及晶化温度和晶化时间等因素对NaY分子筛细化影响的基础上,对纳米NaY分子筛的合成规律进行了研究;合成出了n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)=4.5,BET比表面积为620m2/g,孔容为0.34 cm3/g,微孔集中分布在0.55 nm附近,粒度分布范围在100 nm以内的纳米NaY分子筛.并采用XRD、BET、IR、TTEM和NH3-TPD等手段系统表征了纳米NaY分子筛的微观结构.分别采用合成的纳米NaY分子筛和微米NaY分子筛为原料制备负载型Ni-Mo-P催化剂,并以FCC柴油为原料,考察了催化剂的加氢改质性能,结果表明,与微米NaY分子筛基负载型Ni-Mo-P催化剂相比,纳米NaY分子筛基负载型Ni-Mo-P催化剂,在加氢脱氮率、密度和十六烷值相当的情况下,其加氢脱硫率较高,柴油收率较高.     

超微NaY分子筛的合成(Ⅰ)──添加轻稀土离子的影响

导向剂的陈化时间和反应胶的晶化温度可以影响NaY分子筛的晶化行为.随导向剂陈化时间的增加,NaY分子筛的晶化速度加快,晶粒尺寸减小;随晶化温度的升高,NaY分子筛的晶化速度加快,但晶粒尺寸增加.而向合成体系中添加轻稀土离子(Ln³⁺)对NaY分子筛的晶化行为影响更为明显.与未添加稀土离子时相比较,在一定的稀土离子添加量范围内[n(Ln³⁺)/n(Al³⁺)<0.2],NaY分子筛的晶化速度明显加快而晶粒尺寸显著减小,同时所合成出的NaY分子筛的n(SiO₂)/n(Al₂O₃)比也有较大的提高.添加稀土离子使合成体系中形成异晶晶种的Ln(OH)₃微晶,从而进一步引发NaY分子筛的成核.     

预吸附微波合成纳米NaY沸石晶种制备NaY型分子筛膜

在常压回流的微波加热体系中成功地合成出纳米尺寸的NaY分子筛,XRD和SEM等表征结果表明,分子筛具有40nm左右的平均晶粒尺寸.以其为晶种,预吸附在多孔氧化铝载体上,结合原位水热法进行二次晶化,制备出较为致密的NaY分子筛膜,该膜主要以孪生聚晶的形式存在.CO₂/N₂气体分离测试结果显示,随着温度的升高,分子筛膜的气体分离能力呈上升趋势,在140℃时真实选择分离系数达到最大值4.0.     

超微NaY分子筛的合成(Ⅱ)——添加铝络合剂的影响

NaY分子筛合成体系中添加铝的络合剂(乙二胺四乙酸、柠檬酸和醋酸),可有效地减小分子筛的晶粒尺寸及增加分子筛的晶化速度和SiO2/Al2Oa物质的量比.在添加柠檬酸的合成体系中,考察了柠檬酸的添加量对NaY分子筛晶化行为的影响.发现存在着一个最佳的柠檬酸的添加量范围,即n(柠檬酸)：n(氧化铝)≤2：1,在此范围内,NaY的晶化速率和硅铝比较高,而晶粒尺寸较小.     

十二烷基硫酸钠对原位晶化制备小晶粒NaY的影响

研究了十二烷基硫酸钠对原位晶化制备小晶粒NaY的影响,并以包含小晶粒NaY的原位晶化产物为母体,通过铵交换和稀土离子交换制备出了REUSY催化剂.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线荧光(XRF)及N₂物理吸附-脱附等手段对样品进行了表征,采用微反活性评价装置和小型固定流化床(ACE)评价了所制备催化剂在重油催化裂化反应中的催化性能.结果表明:在原位晶化合成NaY的体系中,添加高岭土微球质量5%的十二烷基硫酸钠,可以将分子筛的平均晶粒尺寸由540 nm减小到250 nm.相比于常规的原位晶化型流化催化裂化(FCC)催化剂,以包含小晶粒NaY的原位晶化产物为母体所制备出的催化剂,在反应原料的转化率、裂化产物的选择性以及抗积碳性能等方面均有明显的提高或改善.     

微波诱导快速合成纳米NaY分子筛

报导了一种在常压回流微波加热条件下,可使合成的NaY分子筛晶粒尺寸减小至100 nm以下的方法.添加柠檬酸的晶化速率接近添加稀土离子的晶化速率,合成60 min后两者得到的NaY分子筛的晶粒度和硅铝比接近,约为40 nm和5.2,晶粒度小且硅铝比高于在相同条件下没有添加合成得到的NaY分子筛.微波合成的NaY分子筛的晶粒度明显小于常规相同配比所得样品的晶粒度且晶化时间明显缩短,充分证明了微波加热快速均匀且能够得到较小晶粒度的特点.     

偏高岭土水热合成NaY分子筛的机理研究

采用茂名高岭土水热合成NaY分子筛,用IR,XRD,NMR,SEM,HRTEM等分析了其晶化过程。结果表明：偏高岭土水热合成Y型分子筛是固相转变机理,晶化过程是一个扩散-成胶-原位重排的过程。     

超微NaY分子筛的合成（II）—添加铝络合剂的影响

NaY分子筛合成体系中添加铝的络合剂（乙二胺四乙酸、柠檬本矣醋酸）,可有效地减小分子筛的晶粒尺寸及增加分子筛的晶化速度和SiO2/Al2O3物质的量比,在添加柠檬酸的合成体系中,考察了柠檬酸的添加量对NaY分子的筛晶化的影响,发现存在着一个最佳的柠檬酸的添加量范围,即n（柠檬酸）：n（氧化铝）≤2：1,在此范围内,NaY的晶化速率和硅铝比较高,而晶粒尺寸较小。     

双组元Y／MCM-41中微孔复合分子筛的合成和表征

通过原位处理分步晶化、水热合成的方法，首次从NaY凝胶出发制备了含有Y和 MCM-41两种分子筛成分的Y/MCM-41中微孔复合分子筛新材料，考察了合成条件对复 合分子筛晶化的影响。利用层厚法和相对结晶度工作曲线法确定了复合材料中两种 分子筛的相对含量。通过XRD，MAS NMR，SEM，XPS，IR，N_2吸附脱附、热处理等 手段对复合材料进行了表征，并与MCM-41和Y型分子筛的有关性能进行了对比研究 。结果表明，复合分子筛材料的热和水热稳定性高于相同分子筛比例的机械混合样 品。与机械混合物样品相比，其中孔表现出孔径缩小、也道规整性变差、孔壁增厚 和部发结晶化的特点，复合材料中两种分子筛之间存在界面效应，推测Y/MCM-41复 合分子筛材具有“包覆式”结构特征。以模型化合物理学，3，5-三异丙基为进料 考察了其催化裂化活性，中微孔复合分子筛的催化裂化活性优于机械混合样品。     

线团式纳米NaY分子筛复合材料的制备、表征及催化性能

线团式纳米NaY分子筛;制备;表征;催化性能     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.