镧系盐催化合成辣椒酯衍生物

对比研究了三氯化铕、三氯化镧、三氯化铈和三氯化镨4种镧系盐催化剂化学选择酯化香草醇收率的影响. 结果表明,三氯化镧为最佳催化剂,当n(香草醇)∶ n(酰氯)∶ n(三氯化镧)=1∶ 1∶ 0.005时,辛酸香草醇酯、癸酸香草醇酯及月桂酸香草醇酯的收率可分别达87%、85%和71%.     

香草醇酯类物质的酶促合成

通过脂肪酶催化酯交换反应,设计并合成了一系列脂肪链长为C2-C18的辣椒素酯同系物(3a-3h),其结构经UV,1H NMR,13C NMR,IR及MS表征.最佳反应条件为:香草醇5 mmol,n,(香草醇):n(脂肪酸酯)=50∶75,脂肪酶Novozyme 435(1 g)为催化剂,丙酮(100 mL)为溶剂,摇床转速为200 r·min-1,于30℃反应10 h,收率18%～93%.对3c高通量筛选结果表明,具有激活PPARγ(过氧化物酶受体)的生物活性.     

聚合物负载铑催化剂的稳定性研究—三氯化镧的影响

本文研究了聚合物负载铑催化剂引入三氯化镧后在氢甲酰化反应中的催化活性和稳定性,发现在大多数实验条件下,镧的引入对聚合物负载铑催化剂的性能有较大影响。     

氯化磷酸二苯酯的合成和结构表征

以苯酚、三氯氧磷为原料,以无水三氯化铝为催化剂合成了氯化磷酸二苯酯;采用正交试验研究了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量和原料配比对反应收率的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件;并利用红外光谱和核磁共振谱表征了产物的结构.结果表明,影响反应收率的几种因素的排序为:反应温度>原料配比>催化剂用量>反应时间;最佳反应条件为:温度70℃、反应时间15h、原料配比(n苯酚∶n三氯氧磷)2∶1、催化剂用量0.8g(相对于苯酚的质量分数为4.25%).与此同时,采用加水后处理方法可以提高产品收率和可操作性.     

四氯化锡催化合成癸二酸二丁酯

在五水四氯化锡作用下,用癸二酸和正丁醇合成了癸二酸二丁酯。当癸二酸、正丁醇和四氯化锡的物质的量之比为1∶8∶0.114,回流分水60 min,酯收率达96.2%。并比较了几种Lewis酸合成癸二酸二丁酯的催化活性。     

2,3-二甲基-4-氯吡啶-N-氧化物的合成工艺改进

对2,3-二甲基-4-氯吡啶-N-氧化物(4)的合成工艺进行了改进。以2,3-二甲基吡啶为原料,经氧化(钨酸钠为催化剂,双氧水为氧化剂,收率96.5%),硝化(65%的浓硝酸为硝化剂,收率86.3%,纯度99.0%)及氯化(乙酰氯为氯化剂,收率86.8%,纯度98.6%)合成了4,总收率72.2%,4的结构经1H NMR表征。     

La_2P_2W_(18)O_(62)·nH_2O/MWCNTs催化剂的制备、表征及催化1,4-丁二醇液相脱水环化合成四氢呋喃

以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为载体,通过浸渍法制备了负载型Dawson结构磷钨酸镧催化剂(40%La2P2W18O62·n H2O/MWCNTs),并对催化剂进行FT-IR,XRD,SEM,EDS和NH3-TPD表征。以催化1,4-丁二醇液相环化脱水合成四氢呋喃(THF)反应为探针,考察催化剂的酸催化性能。通过正交实验确定了优化反应条件为:w(催化剂)=2.2%(相对1,4-丁二醇质量),反应温度为180℃,反应时间为40 min。在优化反应条件下,THF收率达97.9%,催化剂重复使用5次,THF收率仍可达92.3%。镧掺杂后的催化剂酸强度和总酸量均增加,催化活性提高。     

原位酸树脂催化合成丙烯酸高碳烷基酯

以原位酸树脂为催化剂合成了丙烯酸高碳烷基酯。探讨了酸醇摩尔比、催化剂用量、阻聚剂对苯二酚用量、反应温度、反应时间等对反应产物收率的影响。结果表明,高碳烷基醇与丙烯酸摩尔比1:1.2,催化剂和阻聚剂用量分别为高碳烷基醇质量的5.0%和0.8%,反应温度为140℃,反应时间为6h,产物收率为90.0%～97.0%,产物纯度为92.00%～98.00%。催化剂经甲醇活化,循环使用5次后产品收率为75.0%。该研究为丙烯酸高碳烷基酯的合成提供了一种新的方法。     

新型有机锡化合物的制备及对酯化反应的催化活性

制备了2种新型有机锡化合物,并利用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振测试技术对其进行了表征,研究了它们对酯化反应的催化活性。结果表明,该有机锡化合物是合成酯的优良催化剂,产品收率高,饱和一元羧酸酯的收率为87%~98%,对不饱和羧酸酯和空间位阻大的叔醇酯也能得到较满意的收率,分别为90%~94%和54%~68%。有机锡化合物作为催化剂用量少,并能回收再利用。     

硅胶固载硫酸镧催化一锅法合成3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮

以硅胶固载硫酸镧作为催化剂,由芳香醛、β-酮酸酯和脲(硫脲)合成了相应的3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮化合物,考察了苯甲醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯、脲三组分发生Biginelli反应时的催化剂用量、反应物物质的量比、反应时间及催化剂重复使用对反应收率的影响;并利用核磁共振谱(1H NMR)和红外光谱(IR)表征了合成产物的结构...     

Syntheses of diethyleneoxy bridged cryptophanes and their complexing abilities with alkali metal and alkylammonium cations

Abstract

The anti- and syn-diethyleneoxy bridged cryptophanes (3a and 3b) were prepared by the direct trimerization of 1,5-bis[(4-hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]-3-oxapentane, which was obtained by the reaction of diethyleneglycol ditosylate with vanillyl alcohol and/or by stepwise methods from vanillyl alcohol. The syn isomer (3b) showed highly selective complexing abilities for cesium, and the tetraethylammonium and triethylmethylammonium cations as compared with those of the anti isomer (3a).     

Determination of the active ingredients in Gastrodia rhizoma by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection

A simple, reliable and reproducible method, based on capillary electrophoresis (CE) with electrochemical detection (ED), for the determination of five active ingredients and three carbohydrates in extracts of Gastrodia rhizoma is described in this work. The main active ingredients are gastrodin, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, vanillyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzylaldehyde and vanillin. Operated in a wall-jet configuration, a 300 microm diameter carbon disc electrode was used as a working electrode, with a good response at +1000 mV (vs. SCE) for 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, vanillyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzylaldehyde and vanillin; a 300 microm diameter copper disc electrode exhibits a good response at +650 mV (vs. SCE) for gastrodin, sucrose, glucose and fructose. Under optimum conditions, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, vanillyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzylaldehyde and vanillin in 100 mmol l(-1) borate buffer (pH 9.2) and gastrodin, sucrose, glucose and fructose in 50 mmol l(-1) sodium hydroxide buffer were baseline separated within 18 min. The response was linear over two orders of magnitude with a detection limit (S/N = 3) in the range 3 x 10(-7)-1.8 x 10(-6) mol l(-1) for all eight analytes. This method was successfully used in the analysis of traditional Chinese medicine, and the assay results were satisfactory.     

Neuroprotective effects of vanillyl alcohol in Gastrodia elata Blume through suppression of oxidative stress and anti-apoptotic activity in toxin-induced dopaminergic MN9D cells

Gastrodia elata Blume (GE) has long been used in oriental countries as a traditional herbal medicine to relieve symptoms associated with neurological ailments such as vertigo, general paralysis and epilepsy. In this study, we have investigated the effects of GE extracts and its major bioactive components on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-treated MN9D dopaminergic cells, a classic in vitro model for Parkinson's disease (PD). We found that vanillyl alcohol effectively inhibited the cytotoxicity and improved cell viability in MPP+-induced MN9D dopaminergic cells. The underlying mechanisms of vanillyl alcohol action were also studied. Vanillyl alcohol attenuated the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, decreased in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase proteolysis. These results indicate that vanillyl alcohol protected dopaminergic MN9D cells against MPP+-induced apoptosis by relieving oxidative stress and modulating the apoptotic process and is therefore a potential candidate for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease.     

Palladium and carbon synergistically catalyzed room-temperature hydrodeoxygenation(HDO) of vanillyl alcohol–A typical lignin model molecule

Vanillyl alcohol,which is made up of an aromatic ring,an alcoholic hydroxyl group,a phenolic hydroxyl group and a methoxy group,was selected as the model molecule of lignin.Various carbon materials supported Pd catalysts were chosen to catalyze the HDO of vanillyl alcohol.The catalysts were characterized via TEM,TPD,XRD,XPS and CO-chemisorption.It was found that different carbon materials could obviously influence the particle sizes,dispersion and distribution of Pd or Pd O particles.Palladium and carbon can synergistically catalyze the room-temperature HDO of vanillyl alcohol even at room temperature,and the carboxyl group was found to be the effective active acid site during the reaction.Possible reaction mechanism was also proposed.The existence of the effective active acid sites on the carbon supports could obviously lower the reaction temperature without decreasing the selectivity,as a result,making the production of renewable fuels by HDO much more economically feasible,which is of much importance.     

Kinetics of the catalytic oxidation of model compounds of lignin with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of peroxidase from horse-radish

A kinetic scheme was suggested for the oxidation of guaiacol, ferulic acid, acetovanilon, and vanillyl alcohol with hydrogen peroxide. A number of kinetic parameters were determined.     

LaCl3-KCl-LiCl三元系统相图的研究

利用DTA研究了LaCl3-KCl-LiCl三元系统相图。发现该相图由二个赝三元相图构成。相图中有五个液相面, 七条二次结晶线, 三个三元无变点, 它们分别为低共熔点E1[W(LaCl3)=0.115, W(KCl)=0.474, W(LiCl)=0.411, 345℃],E2[W(LaCl3)=0.494, W(KCl)=0.216, W(LiCl)=0.290, 410℃]和三元转熔点P[W(LaCl3)=0.600, W(KCl)=0.108, W(LiCl)=0.292, 429℃]。     

非离子型微乳液的热力学性质Ⅲ:盐类和PH值的影响

以非离子型表面活性剂(Triton X-100)、十六烷、正已醇和水所组成的微乳液,研究醇从油相向界面层转移时的体系Gibbs函数变化,并从热力学关系式得出焓和熵的变化关系.本文研究了相中不同盐类和PH值对这些热力学函数的影响,发现这些热力学函数与盐类中阳离子价数和PH值都呈线性关系.     

Glycosylation of vanillin and 8-nordihydrocapsaicin by cultured Eucalyptus perriniana cells

Glycosylation of vanilloids such as vanillin and 8-nordihydrocapsaicin by cultured plant cells of Eucalyptus perriniana was studied. Vanillin was converted into vanillin 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, vanillyl alcohol, and 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosylvanillyl alcohol by E. perriniana cells. Incubation of cultured E. perriniana cells with 8-nordihydrocapsaicin gave 8-nordihydrocapsaicin 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and 8-nordihydrocapsaicin 4-O-β-D-gentiobioside.     

侧脑室注射氯化镧对大鼠血清生长素和甲状腺素的影响

西方研究了侧脑室注入ＬａＣｌ３对大鼠血清中生长系,甲状腺素,促甲状腺素和下丘脑中生长抑素的影响。侧脑室注射０．００１和０．０１ｍｏｌ．ｌ＾－１ＬａＣｌ３,血清中Ｔ４和ＧＨ含量明显高于对照组,０．１和０．５ｍｏｌ．ｌ＾－１ＬａＣｌ３组血清Ｔ４和ＧＨ未见明显变化。     

Preparation and characterization of new room temperature ionic liquids

A new series [C(n)O(m )mim][X] of imidazolium cation-based room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), with ether and alcohol functional groups on the alkyl side-chain has been prepared. Some physical properties of these RTILs were measured, namely solubility in common solvents, viscosity and density. The solubility of LiCl, HgCl(2) and LaCl(3) in room temperature ionic liquids was also determined. The features of the solid-liquid phase transition were analysed, namely the glass transition temperature and the heat capacity jump associated with the transition from the non-equilibrium glass to the metastable supercooled liquid. These properties were compared with those reported for the 1-n-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium [C(n )mim][X] series. While the density and solid-liquid phase transition properties are similar for both series, the new RTILs present a considerably lower viscosity and an increased ability to dissolve HgCl(2) and LaCl(3) (up to 16 times higher).