稀土丙酸盐的红外光谱研究

本文研究了La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y十三种稀土丙酸盐的FT-IR光谱, 对1800-100cm^-^1的主要红外吸收谱带进行了归属, 指认316-349cm^-^1的强吸收带为Ln-O键的伸缩振动带. 稀土丙酸盐红外光谱表明存在两种不同的羧基配位形式. 从La到Tm以及Y等十一种丙酸配合物的配位羧基具有对称的螯合双齿形式, 而对稀土Yb和Lu, 与中心离子配位的三个羧基中, 至少有一个羧基具有螯合桥式三齿配位形式. 结果还表明稀土丙酸盐Ln-O键基本上是离子键.     

链状钼硫, 钨硫原子簇合物的合成和成簇规律的研究

本文报道了不同酸性条件下合成的一系列链状钼硫、钨硫簇化合物, 发现硫代钼(钨)酸铵的成簇与酸的强度、浓度、H^+/M(M=Mo、W)比、溶剂、反应气氛密切相关。测定了四个新簇合物的晶体结构, 其中[MoW2S10]^2^-晶体是第一次报道的Mo-W-S混合簇化合物。     

微波促进的杂环化合物合成研究

对微波技术在有机杂环化合物合成研究中的应用做了概述：1)四员杂环;2)五员杂环;3)六员杂环;4)七员杂环;5)大杂环。     

稀土生物功能化合物的应用研究

稀土元素及其化合物对生物具有某些特殊的生理功能和生物效应，使其在农业，林业，牧草，畜牧业，水产养殖业，微生物和发酵工业，医药和临床方面的研究日前深入广泛，本文就目前国内外应用研究的进展作了概括综述。     

新型冠醚的质谱研究

以2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基为模型化合物, 测定了32种二元混合溶剂体系在溶剂摩尔比变化时氮氧蝠由基的电子蝠旋共振谱. 发现对不同的溶剂体系, 各向同性超精细分裂常数An 随溶剂摩尔数变化的规律变化时氮氧蝠由基的电子蝠旋共振谱. 发现对不同的溶剂体系, 各向同性超精细分裂常数An 随溶剂摩尔数变化的规律性偶极顺磁性分在混合溶剂中也存在着优先溶剂化现象, 对这些现象进行了极步讨论.     

十五种氯灭酸金属盐的研究

氯灭酸[N-(间氯苯基)-邻氨基苯甲酸]是我国首先合成并筛选出来的解热消炎镇痛药,临床效果较好,但有不少副作用.近年来的无机药物研究表明,金属配合物与人体的关系十分密切.我们曾制出十六种氯灭酸的稀土盐,其毒性比相应的氯化物小.其他金属的氯灭酸盐尚未见报道.本文在水中以氯灭酸钠(以NaA表示)与Mg(Ⅱ),Ca(Ⅱ),Sr(Ⅱ),Ba(Ⅱ),In(Ⅱ),Tl(I),Mn(Ⅱ),Fe(Ⅲ),Co(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ),Ag(Ⅰ),Cd(Ⅱ),Pb(Ⅱ)等金属离子制备出十五种氯灭酸金属盐,测定了它们的化学组成,UV,IR,摩尔电导率及热谱,其结果汇总于表1及表2.     

C~60的单原子碱金属化合物几何结构规律的量子化学研究

采用原子叠加和电子离域分子轨道处理(ASEO-MO)对碱金属原子在C~60分子内外所形成的MC~60进行了较详细的考察, 讨论了它们的几何结构规律和电子结构等性质。在MC~60(M=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs)中Li原子的平衡位置将偏离C~60分子的中心, 而Na和K的平衡位置是在C~60分子的中心, 但Rb和Cs原子则在C~60分子外部将比在其内部稳定。由金属原子半径和C~60球半径的讨论, 从而预见哪些原子可以在C~60分子内部附加形成稳定的化合物。     

三水合稀土氯化物RECl3·3H2O的热化学研究

本文报道了一套化学反应绝热式热量计的设计和建立,用(HOCH_2)_3CNH_2与0.1mol·dm~3HCl的反应焓检验标定了热量计装置,测得ΔH_(208.15)=-245.41J·g~(-1),sdm=±0.24,与IUPAC的推荐值-245.76±0.26J·g~(-1)十分吻合,证明热量计和操作手续是可靠的。用这样的热量计测定了十一种三水合稀土氯化物RECl_3·3H_2O(RE=La,Ce,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Er,Yb,Y)298.15K时在水中的积分溶解热(终浓度-0.01541mol·kg~(-1))。计算了这些水合物的标准生成焓和脱水焓。     

氮杂冠醚研究——Ⅲ.N-取代苯并氮杂冠醚的质谱研究

本文报道两种单取代苯并氮杂冠醚(1)和四种双取代苯并氮杂冠醚(2)的电子轰击(EI)质谱及其分子离子峰。化合物(1)的特征峰,m/z 372,342,236,192,136,121,109,56;化合物(2)的特征峰:m/z[M-109]~ ,[M/2]~ ,[M/2±13]~ 等。据此提出了单取代和双取代苯并氮杂冠醚经电子轰击断裂的可能途径。     

冠醚配合物的研究XIII:三种大环配体液膜传输碱金属离子的动力学

本文报道以2,3-苯并-11-甲基-18-冠-6,2,3-苯并-8,15-二甲基-18-冠-6和2,3-苯并-8-11,15-三甲基-18-冠-6为液膜载体,研究其对碱金属离子的传输,发现当水相金属盐浓度和膜相配体相近时,金属离子的传输为串联一级反应,求得了串级速率常数,并讨论了传输速率和配位作用的关系及载体结构的影响.     

冠醚配合物热力学性质的研究(Ⅴ)——碱金属及碱土金属离子与2,3-苯并-11-甲基-18-冠-6的配位反应的量热滴定研究

用自制滴定量热计研究了70%(W/W)甲醇中2,3-苯并-11-甲基-18-冠-6(BC1-18C6)与Na、K、Rb、Cs、Ca、Mg、Sr、Ba8种碱金属与碱土金属氯化物的配位作用,直接计算了配合物稳定常数及配位反应热函,获得了碱金属与碱土金属稳定性及热函大小的相对顺序.     

冠醚配合物的研究 XI: 若干苯并-18-冠-6甲基衍生物液膜传输碱金属离子

本文研究了2,3-苯并-11-甲基-18-冠-6,2,3-苯并-8,15-二甲基-18-冠-6和2,3-苯并-8, 11, 15-三甲基-18-冠-6的氯仿液膜对Na^+, K^+, Rb^+的传输速率。结果指出,传输速率随膜相冠醚浓度增是加而增加, 两者成线性关系; 当冠醚的醚环上甲基数增加则传输速率减小; 对同一冠醚, 不同金属离子的传输速率与相应配合物稳定常数的大小顺序有一致关系; 冠醚传输金属离子时, 阴离子一起迁移, 阴离子水合能力越强则传输能力越小; 传输速率与搅拌速度成线性关系。     

冠醚配合物热力学性质的研究 X: 用NMR研究15-冠-5-衍生物与钠离子的配位反应

用^2^3Na NMR研究了15-冠-5(15C5), 2,3-苯并-15-冠-5(B-15C5), 2,3-苯并-6-甲基-15-冠-5(BCl-15C5), 2,3-苯并-8,12-二甲基-15-冠-5(BC2-15C5)在丙酮中与Na^+的配位反应, 由此探索甲基的影响, 实验结果表明, 当在金属盐溶液中加入冠醚, 配体为15C5时, 体系表观化学位移移至低场, 配体为B-15C5, BC1-15C5, BC2-15C5时, 体系在表观化学位移移至高场, 后者与苯并-18-冠-6及其甲基衍生物不同, 这是由于苯环在空间排布不同所致, 用Newton-Raphson法和描坑法(Pit-mapping)拟合实验数据, 发现BC1-15C5和BC2-15C5除形成NaL^+和NaL2^+外还有不稳定的Na3L2^3^+形成。本文对形成过程和生成NaL^+反应的平衡常数lgK11与甲基数的关系亦作了讨论, lgK11与甲基数目n近似成直线关系, 可用下式表示: lgK11=3.50-0.80n, n=0,1,2。     

The solvent extraction of alkali metal picrates with 4,13-N,N'-dibenzyl-4,13-diaza-18-crown-6

Extraction of alkali metal picrates with N,N'-dibenzyl-18-crown-6 was carried out, with dichloromethane as water-immiscible solvent, as a function [ligand]/[metal cation]. The extractability of metal picrates (Li(+), Na(+), K(+), Rb(+), Cs(+)) was evaluated as a function of [L]/[M(+)]. The extractability of complex cation-picrate ion pairs decreases in this sequence: Li(+)>Rb(+)>Cs(+)>K(+)>Na(+). The overall extraction equilibrium constants (K(ex)) for complexes of N,N'-dibenzyl-18-crown-6 with alkali metal picrates between dichloromethane and water have been determined at 25 degrees C. The values of the extraction constants (logK(ex)) were determined to be 10.05, 6.83, 7.12, 7.83, 6.73 for Li(+), Na(+), K(+), Rb(+) and Cs(+) compounds, respectively. DB186 shows almost 2-fold extractability against Li(+) compared to the other metal picrates, whereas it shows no obvious extractability difference amongst the other metal cations when [L]/[M(+)] is 0.2-1. However, an increasing extractability is observed for Cs(+) when [L]/[M(+)] [1].     

Conductance Study of 1 : 1 19-Crown-6 Complexes with Various Mono- and Bivalent Metal Ions in Water

Formation constants (ML) of 1 : 1 19-crown-6 (19C6) complexes with mono- (M+) and bivalent metal ions (M2+) were determined in water at 25 °C by conductometry. The KML value of 19C6 for M+ and M2+ decreases in the order Rb+ K+ > Tl+ > Na+ = Ag+ > Li+ Cs+ and Pb2+ > Ba2+ > Sr2+ > Cd2+ > Ca2+, respectively. The selectivity for the neighboring alkali metal ions in the periodic table is lower for 19C6 than for 18-crown-6 (18C6) except for the case of Rb+ and Cs+. The same is true for the alkaline earth metal ions. Generally, the KML values of 19C6 with M2+ are greater than those with M+. For Na+ and the ions which are smaller in size than Na+ (Li+, Ca2+, Cd2+), the KML value is larger for 19C6 than for 18C6, but the contrary holds for all the other ions of larger sizes than Na+. The limiting ionic molar conductivity (°) of the 19C6–K+ complex in water at 25 °C was determined to be 43. Although 19C6 is larger than 18C6, the 19C6–K+ complex is much more mobile in water than the 18C6–K+ complex.     

冠醚配合物的研究——Ⅻ.电导法研究若干甲基冠醚与Na~+、K~+在DMF中的配位反应

本文采用微量电导滴定技术和计算机拟合,获得在DMF中Na~+和K~+与2,3-苯并-11-甲基-18-冠-6(BCl-18C6),2,3-苯并-8,15-二甲基-18-冠-6(BC2-18C6),2,3-苯并-8,11,15-三甲基-18-冠-6(BC3-18C6)的配合物的稳定常数及反应热焓,并对所得结果进行了讨论。     

A PGSE diffusion and electrophoretic NMR study of Cs+ and Na+ dynamics in aqueous crown ether systems

Multinuclear pulsed gradient spin-echo (PGSE) NMR diffusion and linewidth measurements were used to probe binding and transport in aqueous Na+-15-crown-5, Na+-18-crown-6, Cs+-15-crown-5 and Cs+-18-crown-6 systems. Since direct PGSE observation of many alkali cations is precluded by either low inherent sensitivity or rapid relaxation (or both), the feasibility of proton-detected electrophoretic NMR (ENMR) measurements to complement PGSE data was investigated. ENMR measurements were performed on aqueous Cs+-, Li+-, Na+-, K+-, and Rb+- 18-crown-6 systems. The data analysis is based on a two-site binding model and its corresponding association constants. Cs+ was found to bind considerably more tightly to 18-crown-6 (K=8 M-1) than to 15-crown-5 (K approximately 2 M-1), whereas Na+ had almost equal affinity (K approximately 4.5 M-1) for 15-crown-5 and 18-crown-6. The difficulties encountered in analysing the NMR parameters, methodological limitations and the implied need for more complicated binding models are discussed.     

Molecular Complexes of Crown Ethers: Part 8. Effect of Surfactant on the Charge Transfer Complexes of 18C6 with Picric Acid in the Presence of Alkali Metal Ions

The interaction of 18-crown-6 (CE) with picric acid(PA) was studied in the UV-Visible region in 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) at 298.2 K. The effect of the surfactant Triton X-100 was studied, and it was found to have a pronounced effect on the interaction of 18-crown-6 with picric acid. The effect of the alkali metal cations, especially Na and K on the complex matrix donor–acceptor surfactant was studied. It is found that the extraction of the insoluble solid NaCl and KCl to the organic phase increased by more than 8-fold in the presence of the complex. The interaction of the alkali metals ions, i.e., Li, Na, K, Cs and Rb with the systems Donor–Acceptor and Donor–Acceptor–Triton were studied. It is found that the stability of the complexes formed between the system CE + Triton + Picric acid and the alkali metals ions depends on the ratio between the crown ether radius and the alkali metal radius.     

Artificial ion channel formed by cucurbit[n]uril derivatives with a carbonyl group fringed portal reminiscent of the selectivity filter of K+ channels

Novel artificial ion channels (1 and 2) based on CB[n] (n = 6 and 5, respectively) synthetic receptors with carbonyl-fringed portals (diameter 3.9 and 2.4 A, respectively) can transport proton and alkali metal ions across a lipid membrane with ion selectivity. Fluorometric experiments using large unilamellar vesicles showed that 1 mediates proton transport across the membranes, which can be blocked by a neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, reminiscent of the blocking of the K+ channels by polyamines. The alkali metal ion transport activity of 1 follows the order of Li+ > Cs+ approximately Rb+ > K+ > Na+, which is opposite to the binding affinity of CB[6] toward alkali metal ions. On the other hand, the transport activity of 2 follows the order of Li+ > Na+, which is also opposite to the binding affinity of 2 toward these metal ions, but virtually no transport was observed for K+, Rb+, and Cs+. It is presumably because the carbonyl-fringed portal size of 2 (diameter 2.4 A) is smaller than the diameters of these alkali metal ions. To determine the transport mechanism, voltage-clamp experiments on planar bilayer lipid membranes were carried out. The experiments showed that a single-channel current of 1 for Cs+ transport is approximately 5 pA, which corresponds to an ion flux of approximately 3 x 107 ions/s. These results are consistent with an ion channel mechanism. Not only the structural resemblance to the selectivity filter of K+ channels but also the remarkable ion selectivity makes this model system unique.