气相色谱-质谱联用法同时测定纺织品中的8种多环芳烃

建立了同时快速测定纺织品中8种多环芳烃的气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)方法。样品经正己烷-丙酮(1∶1)超声波提取,氮吹浓缩后采用DB-17MS色谱柱程序升温分离,选择离子模式采集,外标法定量。研究了纺织品中8种多环芳烃的提取方法,并对色谱和质谱条件进行了优化。实验结果表明,多环芳烃的浓度在0.05~1.00 mg/L或0.10~1.00 mg/L范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)均大于0.995,方法检出限(LOD)为0.02~0.05 mg/kg,方法定量下限(LOQ)为0.05~0.10 mg/kg。在3个加标水平下的回收率为81.2%~106.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.5%~8.5%。该方法灵敏度高,操作简便,定量准确,适用于纺织品中8种多环芳烃的分析测定。     

固相萃取/高效液相色谱法对火龙果中手性苯醚甲环唑的分离测定

建立了固相萃取/高效液相色谱测定火龙果中手性苯醚甲环唑的方法。火龙果样品经乙腈提取,石墨化炭黑/氨基固相萃取柱净化后进行测定。实验考察了不同手性色谱柱、流动相组成、流速及进样体积对分离的影响,通过优化分离成功拆分了苯醚甲环唑对映体。优化的色谱条件为:Chrialcel IF-3手性柱为色谱柱,正己烷-乙醇(92∶8,体积比)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,进样量为60μL。在上述条件下,4个对映体基本完全分离,分析时间不超过35 min。单个对映体在0.10~10 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.025 mg/L。分别添加0.4、2.8 mg/kg两个水平的外消旋苯醚甲环唑,测得4个对映体的平均回收率分别为83.7%~99.3%和86.4%~91.6%,相对标准偏差分别为1.3%~7.2%和1.4%~3.1%。该方法的分离时间较短,分离效果好,灵敏度高,适用于火龙果等水果中手性农药苯醚甲环唑含量的测定。     

分散固相萃取净化/高效液相色谱法测定婴幼儿奶粉与米粉中15种多环芳烃

建立了高效液相色谱-荧光检测法同时测定婴幼儿奶粉和米粉中15种多环芳烃的检测方法。样品经乙腈提取,PSA分散固相萃取净化;乙腈-水梯度洗脱,Waters PAH专用柱分离,荧光检测器检测,外标法定量。在最优条件下,15种多环芳烃均得到有效分离,线性范围为1.0~50μg/L,相关系数均大于0.995,方法检出限(LODs,S/N=3)为0.05~0.3μg/kg,回收率为86.5%~106.8%,精密度(RSD,n=6)为0.7%~7.5%。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高,适用于婴幼儿奶粉和米粉中多环芳烃的检测。     

加速溶剂萃取/气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法测定纺织品中24种多环芳烃

建立了加速溶剂萃取/气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱(ASE/GC-MS/MS)同时测定纺织品中24种多环芳烃(PAHs)的方法。样品经丙酮加速溶剂萃取,旋蒸浓缩后采用DB-35色谱柱程序升温分离,选择多反应监测模式(MRM)采集,外标法定量。结果表明,在一定浓度范围内多环芳烃的峰面积与质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r~2)均大于0.994,方法检出限为0.000 3~0.03 mg/kg,方法定量下限为0.001~0.10 mg/kg,加标回收率为80.3%~103%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.3%~9.2%。该方法灵敏、准确可靠,能满足纺织品中24种多环芳烃的测试要求。     

高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定橄榄油中4种多环芳烃

建立了高效液相色谱-荧光检测(HPLC-FLD)测定橄榄油中苯并[a]蒽、屈艹、苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[a]芘4种多环芳烃(PAHs)的分析方法。橄榄油样品经异丙醇稀释,采用具有π-π特异性作用的固相萃取柱净化,Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse PAH色谱柱(100 m m×2.1 m m,1.8μm)分离,以水-乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,实现了4种化合物的基线分离,并用基质匹配校准溶液进行外标法定量。4种多环芳烃的线性范围为2.4~40μg/L,相关系数(r)为0.999 0~0.999 9,方法的定量限为0.147~0.413μg/L,加标回收率为95.5%~103.2%,日内和日间精密度(RSD)分别为0.10%~1.69%和2.48%~2.93%(n=5)。该法具有灵敏度高、检出限低、重复性好等特点,适用于橄榄油中4种PAHs快速、准确的定量检测。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定塑胶玩具中的多环芳烃

建立塑胶玩具中多环芳烃的气相色谱–质谱检测方法。样品用四氢呋喃溶剂超声提取60 min,提取液以乙腈净化。以DB–5MS色谱柱为分离柱,柱温程序:70℃保持1 min,以10℃/min升温至240℃,保持2 min,然后以8℃/min升温至280℃,保持5 min。16种多环芳烃的质量浓度在0.002～0.18 mg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.991,定量限为0.12～0.20 mg/kg。测量结果的相对标准偏差为4.2%～7.4%(n=6),加标回收率为84.9%～116.7%。该方法简单、快速、准确、重现性好,能够满足目前对塑胶玩具中多环芳烃的检测要求。     

柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定二乙醇胺脱氢产物亚氨基二乙酸和甘氨酸

以对甲苯磺酰氯(PTSC)为衍生剂,建立了柱前衍生高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定二乙醇胺脱氢产物中亚氨基二乙酸(IDA)和甘氨酸(Gly)含量的分析方法。IDA和Gly与衍生剂在碱性(pH 11)条件下于45℃反应15 min,进行柱前衍生,并利用高效液相色谱-质谱对衍生产物进行定性分析。衍生化产物采用VP-ODS色谱柱(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)分离,以0.03 mol/L醋酸铵溶液(pH 5.5)为流动相A、乙腈为流动相B(体积比为87∶13),进行等度洗脱,流速为1 mL/min,并采用配有紫外检测器的高效液相色谱仪测定,检测波长为235 nm。该法在IDA质量浓度为900~2 100 mg/L、Gly质量浓度为20~100 mg/L的范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R2)均大于0.999。IDA和Gly的检出限(LOD)分别为0.089 7 mg/L和0.026 2 mg/L,加标回收率分别为98.7%~99.3%和98.0%~99.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为0.89%~1.23%和0.95%~1.11%(n=3)。该法具有反应条件温和、准确性高的特点,可用于工艺生产中IDA和Gly含量的测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定洗涤用品中三氯生和三氯卡班

建立了同时测定洗涤用品中三氯生和三氯卡班的高效液相色谱法。液、皂、粉3类洗涤用品先经甲醇超声提取离心后用高效液相色谱法测定。采用C8色谱柱,甲醇/水梯度洗脱,检测波长281 nm,二者得到良好分离。三氯生在0.5~100 mg/L范围内(r2=0.999),三氯卡班在0.1~100 mg/L范围内(r2=0.999)线性关系良好;方法定量限分别为0.0025%和0.0005%。低、中、高3个添加水平的回收率在96.3%~109.5%,相对标准偏差为0.3%~7.3%(n=6)。采用本方法对24件市售洗涤用品进行抽查,其中5件液类样品检出三氯生,2件皂类样品检出三氯卡班。     

花生壳活性炭固相萃取/超高效液相色谱法测定河水中的18种多环芳烃

建立了固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测(SPE/UPLC-PDA)联用技术测定河水中18种痕量多环芳烃(PAHs)的快速分析方法。通过优化固相萃取条件、流动相体系、色谱条件等因素,7 min内实现了18种多环芳烃的高效分离。在0.05~50 mg/L浓度范围内,18种多环芳烃的浓度与对应峰面积呈良好线性关系,相关系数为0.999 1~0.999 9,检出限为0.08~2.03 ng/L,样品加标回收率为74.5%~103.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.5%~2.3%。将该方法应用于九龙江流域龙岩段周边水样的检测,结果可靠。该方法简单环保、灵敏准确、操作快速,可显著提高河水中痕量PAHs的分析效率。     

超高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射法测定功能性饮料中牛磺酸

建立了超高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射法(UPLC-ELSD)测定功能性饮料中牛磺酸含量的方法。样品直接过膜或适当稀释后过膜,经酰胺基色谱柱分离,以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水为流动相,梯度洗脱,蒸发光检测器测定,外标法定量。牛磺酸含量在0.10~2.0 mg/m L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9992,加标回收率为93.8%~102.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.62%~2.6%,定量限为0.10 mg/m L。与国标法对比测定了市售功能性饮料中牛磺酸的含量,结果一致。     

The determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at the ng/L level in Ottawa tap water.

Samples of Ottawa drinking water, collected in January and February 1978 were analysed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) for fifty polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and five oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (O-PAH), following extraction of the organic species using Amberlite XAD-2 macroreticular resin. In the January sample, thirty PAHs, ranging in concentration from 0.05 to 14 ng/L with a mean value of 3.8 ng/L and a total weight of 114 ng/L and four O-PAHs, ranging in concentration from 0.10 to 1.8 ng/L with a mean value of 0.91 ng/L and a total weight of 3.7 ng/L, were detected. In the February sample, thirty-six PAHs, ranging in concentration from 0.05 to 8.1 ng/L with a mean value of 1.4 ng/L and a total weight of 50.4 ng/L and five O-PAHs, ranging in concentration from 0.20 to 2.4 ng/L with a mean value of 1.0 ng/L and a total weight of 5.2 ng/L, were detected. Twenty-eight PAHs and four O-pahs were common to the two samples. The use of Amberlite XAD-2 macroreticular resin to extract PAHs from drinking water is shown to be effective, although the recovery of individual PAHs from artificially loaded XAD-2 resin varied from 57 to 100%.     

超高效合相色谱-质谱法快速分析食用植物油中常见脂肪酸

建立了超高效合相色谱-质谱(UPC²-MS)快速分析6种食用植物油(玉米油、葵花籽油、大豆油、茶油、菜籽油、花生油)中棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸等5种常见脂肪酸的方法,并比较了这6种食用油中上述5种脂肪酸的含量差异。采用皂化反应对植物油进行前处理,以ACQUITY UPC² BEH 2-EP色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)为分析柱,以超临界CO₂-甲醇/乙腈(1:1, v/v)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.8 mL/min。在电喷雾负离子模式下进行检测,外标法定量。结果表明:5种脂肪酸标准物质在0.5~100 mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9985~0.9998,定量限(S/N≥10)为0.15~0.50 mg/L;在3个添加水平下,样品的加标回收率为89.61%~108.50%;方法重复性的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.69%~3.01%。该方法简单、快速、分离效果好,无需对脂肪酸样品进行衍生化,已成功地用于玉米油、葵花籽油、橄榄油、茶油、大豆油和花生油等6种食用油中常见脂肪酸含量的测定。     

Determination of fatty acids by high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection using precolumn derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate

A new high-performance liquid chromatographic method is described for the determination of fatty acids in seed oils. The method was based on precolumn derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate as a labeling agent and fluorescence detection. Fatty acids were extracted from the samples and subjected to derivatization with the reagent at 60°C for 10?min. The chromatographic separation of 14 fatty acids (C10–C22) was achieved on a combined loading compression octadecyl sulfate (CLC-ODS) column with a run time of 30?min. Three-step gradient elution of a mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water was used, and the signal was monitored at excitation and emission wavelengths of 265 and 315?nm, respectively. The method indicated favorable sensitivity and reproducibility for fatty acids’ derivatives. The detection limits, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, were 0.01–0.05?µg/ml and relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 0.27%. Excellent linear responses were observed with coefficients of 0.9995. This method was applied to quantify fatty acids in white, brown, and black sesame seeds’ oil.     

Simultaneous quantification of total eicosapentaenoic acid,docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid in plasma by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

A method for the simultaneous quantification of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) in human plasma by HPLC–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS) was developed and validated. Free and esterified forms of fatty acids were hydrolysed from plasma samples in the presence of an internal standard and subjected to liquid–liquid extraction. The chromatographic run time was 3.5 min per sample. The assay was linear from 0.5 to 300 mg/L (r² > 0.997, n = 18). Based on matrix addition, accuracy deviation was <15%, except for AA at 10 mg/L (30–90%), whereas precision was <8% for all fatty acids studied. The method was applied to the measurement of these omega‐3 fatty acids in a fish oil supplement study with healthy volunteers. Healthy males (n = 4) were administered a supplement containing 465 mg EPA and 375 mg DHA per capsule (Omacor®). A dose of two capsules was given daily over a 4 week period. Pre‐treatment concentrations varied between subjects for EPA (17–68 mg/L), DHA (36–63 mg/L) and AA (121–248 mg/L). During the dosing period EPA increased 460–480% from the baseline concentration, while DHA increased 150–160%. The EPA–AA ratio increased from 0.07–0.56 to 0.3–3.1 after 4 weeks of dosing. In conclusion, the method described could be suitable for monitoring EPA, DHA and AA in clinical studies that may aid in achieving optimal concentrations of these fatty acids in patients who could be at risk of sudden cardiac death. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Volatile fatty acids analysis from pig slurry using high-performance liquid chromatography

A simple and sensitive liquid chromatography method designed to determine the volatile fatty acids (VFA) content in pig slurry sample is proposed. The acids are isolated with a cation exchange column for carbohydrates using an isocratic phosphate eluant coupled with an ultraviolet detector in series. Centrifuged and filtered samples can be injected directly into the liquid chromatographic system. The accuracy of this new liquid-chromatographic chain using spiked solutions ranging between 20 and 5000?mg/L of VFA standard solution varied from 87 to 124%. The precision of the new procedure, expressed as variability, was between 9.2 and 0.6% for a spike solution concentration of 20 and 5000?mg/L, respectively.     

超高效合相色谱快速分析塑料制品中的18种多环芳烃

建立了一种超高效合相色谱-二极管阵列检测器快速分析塑料制品中萘、苊烯、苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘、苯并(a)蒽、(屈艹) 、苯并(b)荧蒽、苯并(k)荧蒽、苯并(j)荧蒽、苯并(e)芘、苯并(a)芘、茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘、二苯并(a,h)蒽、苯并(g,h,i)苝(二萘嵌苯)的方法。以甲苯为溶剂,超声萃取实际塑料制品中的多环芳烃,经超高效合相色谱分析。采用Daicel IB-3手性色谱柱,以CO₂为流动相,甲醇/乙腈(25:75, v/v)为流动相助溶剂,在柱温为40 ℃,背压为15.17 MPa的条件下,18种多环芳烃在8.5 min之内实现基线分离。18种多环芳烃的线性范围为0.05~50 mg/L(r≥0.9995),定量限(S/N> 10)为0.05 mg/L。加标回收率为78.3%~117.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD, n=5)小于5%。该方法具有分析速度快、分离效率高、节约有机溶剂的优点。     

串联双柱固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法检测茶叶中拟除虫菊酯

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱定量检测花茶、绿茶、红茶和黑茶4类茶叶中氟氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯3种拟除虫菊酯农药残留量的方法。样品采用乙腈进行提取,优化洗脱液配比,选择Carb/NH2和SLH双柱串联净化富集。采用外标法定量,30 min内完成农药残留检测。3种拟除虫菊酯的检出限分别为0.4、1.0和0.3μg/kg,在0.05~2.00 mg/kg内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999。在0.10、0.50和2.00 mg/L 3个添加水平下,空白加标样品的回收率为80.6%~116.3%。茶叶实际样品检测结果的日内相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.3%~12.6%,日间RSD为2.7%~12.1%。该法操作简单,重现性好,适用于茶叶中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留的检测。     

分散液液微萃取-气相色谱/质谱法测定水中多环芳烃

用分散液液微萃取-气相色谱/质谱法测定水样中的16种多环芳烃(PAHs)。通过实验确定最佳萃取条件为:20μL四氯化碳作萃取剂,1.0 mL乙腈作分散剂,超声萃取1 min。在优化条件下,多环芳烃的富集倍数达到216～511,方法在0.05～50μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(R2)在0.9873～0.9983之间,检出限为0.0020～0.14μg/L。相对标准偏差(RSD)在3.82%～12.45%(n=6)之间。该方法成功用于实际水样中痕量多环芳烃的测定。     

微波萃取-GC/MS联用法测定橡胶及其制品中多环芳烃

建立了微波萃取-GC/MS联用法测定橡胶及其制品中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的方法,通过实验优化了萃取溶剂、萃取时间、萃取温度等微波萃取条件和16种PAHs的分离和测定条件。用加标回收方法试验确定方法的准确度。结果表明:16种PAHs检出限(S/N=5)为0.002~0.01 mg/L,平均回收率为63.58%~100.5%,RSD为1.9%~9.9%。该方法可以满足橡胶及其制品中多环芳烃的检测要求。     

β-环糊精对燃煤焦油和烟气中环芳烃的清除作用

采用三维荧光法测定了7处产地煤样燃烧的焦油和烟气中多环芳烃（PAHs）的含量,焦油中PAHs含量为0.201～0.419 mg/g,烟气中PAHs含量为1.1～3.2 μg/g;测试了β-环糊精（β-CD）溶液对煤烟气中多环芳烃的清除作用,最高去除率可达65.6%。 结果表明：不同产地煤的烟气中PAHs含量不同, 煤焦油中PAHs浓度(mol/L)在10-5数量级,远高于烟气中的浓度(mol/L,10-7数量级)。 用β-CD去除不同产地煤燃烧烟气中多环芳烃的去除率不同。 所选7种煤平均清除率为38.4%。 β-CD溶液有希望成为煤烟气中多环芳烃的清除剂。