鱼肉类罐头中双酚-二环氧甘油醚的固相萃取/HPLC-MS/MS法检测

建立了鱼肉类罐头中内分泌干扰物质双酚A二缩水甘油醚(BADGE)及其衍生物BADGE·H2O、BADGE·2H2O、BADGE·2HCl、BADGE·HCl·H2O和双酚F二缩水甘油醚(BFDGE)及其衍生物BFDGE·2H2O、BFDGE·2HCl 8种双酚-二环氧甘油醚的固相萃取/液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱分析方法.以叔丁基甲醚为提取溶剂,采用超声波辅助溶剂萃取法萃取,萃取液用Waters Oasis HLB固相萃取柱进行净化浓缩.以Thermo Hypersil Gold C18色谱柱为分离柱,在正离子模式下以电喷雾电离串联质谱仪进行测定.考察了流动相组分和流动相添加剂对质谱离子化效率的影响,8种双酚-二环氧甘油醚在1.0 ～100.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.99).在2.0、10.0和50.0 μg/kg的添加水平下,8种目标化合物的回收率为83% ～99%,相对标准偏差小于9.0%,方法的检出限为0.13 ～0.30 μg/kg.方法具有较高的灵敏度和准确度,能够满足鱼肉类罐头食品中双酚-二环氧甘油醚残留量的快速检测.     

食品罐内壁涂料中双酚-二缩水甘油醚的快速检测和迁移规律

建立了快速、简便的超高效液相色谱法同时测定食品模拟物中双酚A-二缩水甘油醚(BADGE)、双酚F-二缩水甘油醚(BFDGE)及其衍生物特定迁移量的方法。采用水、3%乙酸、10%乙醇和葵花籽油4种食品模拟物在60℃、10 d的条件下模拟了食品罐内壁涂料中双酚-二缩水甘油醚的迁移。水性食品模拟物直接进样,葵花籽油模拟物采用乙腈提取,提取液经固相萃取净化后进样。迁移到水性食品模拟物中的BADGE、双酚A-(3-氯-2-羟丙基)甘油醚(BADGE·HCl)发生水解,分别转化成双酚A-二(2,3-二羟丙基)醚(BADGE·2H2O)和双酚A-(3-氯-2-羟丙基)(2,3-二羟丙基)醚(BADGE·H2O·HCl);迁移到油性模拟物中的BADGE和BADGE·HCl则没有发生水解。9种双酚-二缩水甘油醚在0.05~10 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,水性食品模拟物和油性食品模拟物中方法的检出限分别为5μg/L和20μg/kg。应用本方法对10种未接触过食品的空罐进行了检测,有5种样品中检出了BADGE及其衍生物,其中1种样品中BADGE·2H2O(或BADGE)和BADGE·H2O·HCl(或BADGE·HCl)在4种食品模拟物中的迁移量均超过了欧盟EC/1895/2005规定的限量。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定肉类罐头中双酚-二缩水甘油醚

建立了同时测定肉类罐头中双酚A-二缩水甘油醚(BADGE)、双酚F-二缩水甘油醚(BFDGE)及其衍生物双酚A-(2,3-二羟丙基)甘油醚(BADGE•H2O)、双酚A-双(2,3-二羟丙基)醚(BADGE•2H2O)、双酚A-(3-氯-2-羟丙基)(2,3-二羟丙基)醚(BADGE•H2O•HCl)、双酚A-(3-氯-2-羟丙基)甘油醚(BADGE•HCl)、双酚A-双(3-氯-2-羟丙基)醚(BADGE•2HCl)、双酚F-双(2,3-二羟丙基)醚(BFDGE•2H2O)、双酚F-双(3-氯-2-羟丙基)醚(BFDGE•2HCl)9种环境激素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。样品经叔丁基甲醚提取,HLB固相萃取小柱净化,C18色谱柱分离,用5 mmol/L醋酸铵溶液(含0.1%甲酸)与甲醇为流动相梯度洗脱,质谱多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,基质标准校正,外标法定量。结果表明,这9种化合物在10.0～2000.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好;定量限(以信噪比≥10计)为10.0 μg/kg;在高、中、低3个加标水平下9种化合物的平均添加回收率为79.6%～100.9%,相对标准偏差为6.3%～12.1%。该方法具有较高的灵敏度和准确度,能满足法规要求的对肉类罐头中双酚A-二缩水甘油醚、双酚F-二缩水甘油醚及其衍生物残留量的快速检测及准确定量。     

多壁碳纳米管固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品接触材料中双酚-二环氧甘油醚的迁移量

建立了测定食品接触材料中6种双酚-二环氧甘油醚(双酚A二缩水甘油醚(BADGE)及其衍生物双酚A(2,3-二羟丙基)甘油醚(BADGE•H2O)、双酚A(3-氯-2-羟丙基)甘油醚(BADGE•HCl)、双酚A(3-氯-2-羟丙基)(2,3-二羟丙基)醚(BADGE•H2O•HCl)和双酚F二缩水甘油醚(BFDGE)及其衍生物双酚F双(3-氯-2-羟丙基)甘油醚(BFDGE•2HCl))迁移到食品中的迁移量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)。样品以叔丁基甲醚(MTBE)为提取溶剂,超声提取,提取液经多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)固相萃取(SPE)柱富集、净化。以COSMOSIL C18为分析柱,流动相为0.1%甲酸的5 mmol/L醋酸铵溶液和甲醇。6种双酚-二环氧甘油醚在1.0～100 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r2＞0.9991)。在3个添加水平下,6种目标化合物的回收率范围为78.6%～89.9%,相对标准偏差小于10%。方法检出限范围为0.5～1.5 μg/L。该方法操作简单,灵敏度高,可应用于食品接触材料中双酚-二环氧甘油醚迁移量的快速检测。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定水中8种双酚-二环氧甘油醚

建立了水中8种双酚-二环氧甘油醚（双酚A二缩水甘油醚（BADGE）及其衍生物双酚A（3-氯-2-羟丙基）甘油醚（BADGE·5HCl）、双酚A双（3-氯-2-羟丙基）醚（BADGE·52HCl）、双酚A（2,3-二羟丙基）甘油醚（BADGE·5H₂O）、双酚A双（2,3-二羟丙基）醚（BADGE·52H₂O）、双酚A（3-氯-2-羟丙基）（2,3-二羟丙基）醚（BADGE·5HCl·5H₂O）和双酚F-二环氧甘油醚（BFDGE）及其衍生物双酚F双（3-氯-2-羟丙基）醚（BFDGE·52HCl））的固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱（SPE-HPLC-MS/MS）测定方法。10个饮用水接触涂料样品在室温避光条件下,以超纯水浸泡（24±1）h,然后取200 mL经C₁₈固相萃取柱进行净化浓缩,以C₁₈色谱柱进行分离,以5 mmol/L醋酸铵、甲醇和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱多反应监测（MRM）模式检测,外标法定量。结果表明,8种双酚-二环氧甘油醚在0.007~5.00 μg/L线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9990,该方法对8种双酚-二环氧甘油醚的定量限为7~91 ng/L,回收率为79.1%~101%,RSD为4.0%~12%。该方法具有灵敏度高、选择性强的特点,能够满足水中双酚-二环氧甘油醚的快速检测和准确定量。     

食品包装污染物双酚类化合物的固相萃取技术研究

建立并优化了水样中双酚类化合物的固相萃取(SPE)方法。选择C18反相萃取小柱,以3mL 20%甲醇为淋洗液,6mL甲醇为洗脱液,使用高效液相色谱-荧光检测器进行定量测定。该方法对双酚A(BPA)、双酚B(BPB)、双酚E(BPE)、双酚F(BPF)、双酚A二缩水甘油醚(BADGE)和双酚F二缩水甘油醚(BFDGE)6种双酚类化合物的回收率在95.43%~102.10%之间,相对偏差均低于5%,准确度和精密度良好。另外选取四种类型食品模拟物来验证SPE富集双酚类化合物的效果,结果表明6种双酚类化合物在模拟物中的回收率为75.92%~102.10%,相对标准偏差为1.11%~4.99%,准确度与精密度均良好。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定罐头食品中的双酚A、双酚A二缩水甘油醚及其衍生物

提出了罐头食品中的双酚A、双酚A二缩水甘油醚及双酚A二缩水甘油醚的衍生物等7种化合物的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。样品经乙腈提取后,用正己烷净化,然后取下层清液蒸发至干。用乙腈-水(3+7)溶液溶解残渣,经Hypersil GOLD C_(18)色谱柱(2.1mm×100mm,3μm)分离,不同比例的乙酸铵溶液和甲醇的混合液为流动相作梯度淋洗,采用正离子模式多反应监测。7种化合物的质量浓度与其峰面积均在一定范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)均不大于2μg·L~(-1)。以罐头食品为基体,加入3种不同浓度的7种标准溶液做回收试验,测得平均回收率在80.0%～105.6%之间,相对标准偏差在3.2%～14%之间。     

高效液相色谱法测定金属涂层罐中9种双酚类环氧衍生物的迁移量

为了评估金属涂层罐中双酚类环氧衍生物的迁移风险,建立高效液相色谱法测定金属涂层罐中9种双酚类环氧衍生物的迁移量。选择水、3%乙酸、10%乙醇、玉米油为食品模拟物;迁移条件:于121℃处理30min后,再于60℃保温10 d;流动相为水–乙腈,梯度洗脱;FLD检测器的激发波长为235 nm,发射波长为312 nm。双酚A-二缩水甘油醚(BADGE)及其衍生物分别在30～10 000μg/L(水、3%乙酸、10%乙醇),30～2 000μg/L (玉米油)范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系;双酚F-二缩水甘油醚(BFDGE)及其衍生物分别在100～10 000(水、3%乙酸、10%乙醇),100～2 000(玉米油)范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均不低于0.995 0,检出限为0.03mg/L(BADGE及其衍生物)和0.1mg/L(BFDGE及其衍生物),测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于7.39%(n=6),加标回收率为80.32%～113.86%。该方法可用于金属涂层罐中9种双酚类环氧衍生物迁移量的快速检测。     

罐装食品与生物基质中双酚-二缩水甘油醚的分析方法研究进展

由于双酚-二缩水甘油醚(Bisphenol-diglycidyl ethers,BDGEs)的广泛应用,以及在体内、外研究中观察到的致突变性和致畸性,BDGEs可能对人体健康构成潜在威胁。因此,其暴露水平受到了广泛关注。该文论述了迄今报道的测定罐装食品和生物基质中BDGEs的前处理方法和检测方法,同时对今后BDGEs的研究方向进行了展望。     

一步合成二缩水甘油醚

本文报道了一种合成二缩水甘油醚的简便方法。不同于 Bartok 综述中的常规合成法,本法使用相转移催化剂,避免了常规方法中试剂前处理工作,并且将合成路线简化为一步.此法合成的乙二醇二缩水甘油醚和丁二醇二缩水甘油醚产率分别为33.4%和40.7%。气相色谱和色质联用谱分析粗产物发现相转移催化法合成产物主要是二缩水甘油醚。红外光谱分析也印证了色质联用谱结果。     

碳硼烷双酚二缩水甘油醚的合成与表征及耐高温性能研究

以o-(3)和m-碳硼烷双酚(4)为原料,经两步法合成了o-(1)和m-碳硼烷双酚二缩水甘油醚(2),FTIR、1H-NMR、GPC和环氧值测试都表明得到了预期结构的碳硼烷环氧树脂.固化反应动力学研究结果显示,1/DDS和2/DDS体系的反应活化能(Ea)分别为79.0和67.1 k J·mol-1,比E-51/DDS略高,说明碳硼烷结构的存在降低了环氧树脂的反应活性.以Ea结果为依据,确定了1(2)/DDS体系的固化工艺为180℃/2h+200℃/2h.热分析结果表明,以DDS为固化剂时,1和2的Tg分别为175.8和167.6℃,高于TDE-85的154.1℃.TGA结果表明,2/DDS固化物在空气气氛下700℃的残炭率高达78.7%,说明碳硼烷结构的存在极大提高了环氧树脂高温稳定性.碳硼烷环氧树脂空气气氛中的高温残炭率比氮气中高,原因是碳硼烷结构中的B-H键与空气中的氧气反应生成B—O—B结构,因而提高了残炭率,并在一定程度上延缓了体系的失重.     

Curing Kinetics of Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A and Diaminodiphenylmethane Using a Mechanistic Model

Summary: The curing kinetics of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) was analyzed using isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) modes by using a simple mechanistic model which includes two rate constants, k₁ and k₂, two reaction orders, n₁ and n₂, and the ratio of initial concentration of hydroxyl group to initial epoxy concentration, c₀. Analyses of DSC data indicated that an autocatalytic reaction existed in the curing process. The mechanistic model proposed in this paper fits the experimental data exactly. Rate constants, k₁ and k₂ have been found to increase with rising curing temperature. The activation energies for the relative reactions were determined to be 66.00 ± 4.21 and 50.74 ± 8.92 kJ/mol, respectively. The complex equivalent constant, K, decreased with increasing temperature. Diffusion control was incorporated to describe the cure in the latter stages.

Comparison of experimental data with the mechanistic model for the curing kinetics of DGEBA with DDM.     

Surface Properties of the Solutions of Phase-Forming Oligomers in Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A

Temperature and concentration dependences of the surface tension were measured for solutions of several phase-forming oligomers in diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A by modified Wilhelmy method. Contact angles were determined upon wetting of a cured epoxy resin by oligo(oxypropylene glycols) with different terminal groups. All the oligomers were shown to demonstrate surface-active properties. A thermodynamic compensation effect was disclosed: the surface tensions of all studied systems were almost equal at T 340 K.     

丙烯酸酯封端环氧丙烷聚醚聚氨酯与双酚A型环氧树脂共混固化体系

丙烯酸酯封端环氧丙烷聚醚聚氨酯与双酚Ａ型环氧树脂共混固化体系丁伦汉华道本黄家贤＊韩敏（南开大学化学系天津３０００７１）（天津市聚氨酯泡沫材料厂天津）关键词环氧树脂，聚环氧丙烷，共混物，制备１９９６－１１－２２收稿，１９９７－０５－１３修回国家自然科学...     

Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates Based on Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol s by Quaternary Ammonium Salts

We compare the structures of diglycidyl ethers as catalysts and investigate the roleof cation and anion of quaternary ammonium salts in preparing diglycidyl ether ofbisphenol S (DGEBS) and cyclic carbonates. The synthesis of cyclic carbonatehas been performed by the reaction of carbon dioxide with DGEBS in thepresence of quaternary ammonium salts under atmospheric pressure.     

四甲基氢氧化铵降解苯酐固化双酚A型环氧树脂的研究

将四甲基氢氧化铵(TMAH)降解聚酯的方法移植用于降解苯酐(PA)固化双酚A型环氧树脂(DGEBA),降解生成的邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)可被气相色谱―质谱(GC-MS)快速检测到,同时通过内标法考察了TMAH用量对降解率的影响,结果表明TMAH降解苯酐固化环氧树脂效率较高,甲酯化率在95%以上。此项研究为剖析毫克级酸酐固化环氧树脂中的固化剂提供了一种快速且有效的方法。     

Pseudorotaxanes of Cyclodextrin and Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A as Precursors of New Intramolecularly Reinforced Epoxy-based Thermosets

As a preliminary work in the search of potential monomers for new intramolecularly reinforced epoxy-based materials, this investigation has been aimed at the synthesis and the physico-chemical characterisation of the monomers formed by complexation between β- and γ-cyclodextrin (CD) and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). Results from steady-state fluorescence suggest that, even at high temperature, the DGEBA forms very stable complexes with both macrocycles (particularly with the β-CD) in aqueous solution. Regardless of the CD and according to the interproton distances obtained from the ROESY spectrum when compared with the simulated ones by semi-rigid docking, the oxirane ring of the DGEBA monomer can be found outside the cavity, while the bisphenol moiety firmly remains attached and buried in the CD. The stability of the adduct and the lack of steric hindrance at the epoxide functional points, make the complex very interesting for the synthesis of crosslinked epoxy based polymers, in which the bisphenol part would be covered and therefore protected by the CD. The semi-rigid docking scheme applied to this host–guest system reveals itself as a useful tool for the search of conformers that fit the experimental distances obtained by NMR, although its utility for the estimation of the free energies of binding is still limited.     

Kinetics of Photocationically Curable Formulations Involving Glycerol Diglycidyl Ether and Phenyl Glycidyl Ether

Kinetic analysis of formulations based on glycerol diglycidyl ether and phenyl glycidyl ether were carried out in the presence of sulfonium salt as initiator at 35 mW cm^?2using photo differential scanning calorimeter and the final conversion was found to increase with an increase in phenyl glycidyl ether content. The effects of formulation monomer ratios at three different temperatures were studied. The variations in the observed kinetic parameters can be related to increase in mobility of reactive species with temperature, distance of counter ion from the propagating cationic center, as well as extent of crosslinking reaction which controlled the course and duration of the reaction. The applicability of autocatalytic kinetic model was also evaluated and the system underwent early gelation and the activation energy decreased with an increase in phenyl glycidyl ether content. Analysis of stable photocured films containing glycerol diglycidyl ether and phenyl glycidyl ether showed better thermal stability than rigid films obtained with glycerol diglycidyl ether.     

几种二缩水甘油醚包层材料的合成及成膜性能

波导调制器的光波导区折射率高于限制区,且具有电光特性,通过外界电场感应折射率的变化可以改变光波的相位.利用光波单模相位的变化可以做成相位调制器.相位调制下不同模式(如TE,TM)的叠加,干涉转化为强度的变化,从而可以做成强度调制.