16种手性化合物在不同自制手性固定相上的拆分比较

采用高效液相色谱法,在自制的纤维素-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)(ATEO-OD)、纤维素-三(4-甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)(ATEO-OG)和纤维素-三(4-甲基苯基甲酸酯)(ATEO-OJ)3种手性柱上对16种不同结构的手性化合物进行了拆分和比较.试验结果表明:16个手性样品在这3种手性固定相上分别获得了不同程度的拆分,A TEO-OD对所分析样品具有更好的手性识别能力,ATEO-OG和ATEO-OJ的手性识别能力相当.     

手性离子液体在毛细管电泳手性分离中的应用

简要介绍了手性离子液体用于毛细管电泳手性分离的一般原理,系统地介绍了基于手性离子液体的毛细管电泳对映体拆分的一元手性选择体系和二元手性选择体系,并在国内外研究现状的基础上展望了手性离子液体在毛细管电泳手性分离中的应用前景。     

Synthesis and Chiral Recognition of a New Type of Chiral Calix[4]-arene Derivatives

Two new chiral calix[4] arenes bearing chiral pendants,which were from by-product of the antibiotic industry,were synthesized and characterized by ^1H NMR.MS-FAB and elemental analysis,Studies of ^1H NMR of the two calix[4] arene derivatives indicate that they exist in cone conformation in solution.Results of chiral recognition of the two chiral ligands 2a and 2b towards the tartaric acid derivative 3 show that ligand 2a exhibited good chiral recognition abilities compared to ligand 2b.     

萘普生及其衍生物的手性固定相法直接拆分机理

用不同的酰氯化合物与萘普生反应,制备了一系列萘普生衍生物。在正相色谱条件下,对萘普生及其衍生物系列在(R,R)-Whelk-O 1手性固定相(chiral stationary phase,CSP)上进行了对映体拆分研究。实验考察了流动相组成、分离温度等因素对手性分离的影响,并根据相应热力学参数对萘普生及其衍生物在该手性固定相上的手性识别机理进行了初步探讨。研究结果表明:萘普生及其衍生物在Whelk-O 1 CSP上的对映体分离有着与一般正相色谱明显不同的特征,其分离因子α值与流动相组成关系曲线出现了峰值,且分离因子极大值所对应的流动相组成分别为极性较大的20%(V/V,下同)异丙醇/正己烷混合溶剂体系和40%异丙醇/正己烷混合溶剂体系。     

卡那霉素作为手性选择剂的毛细管电泳手性药物分离研究

建立了一种以天然易得的卡那霉素为手性添加剂，用毛细管区带电泳法快速分离市售对乙肝有良好治疗效果的药物联苯双脂衍生物的方法，拓宽了毛细管电泳中手性选择剂的范围，通过实验研究了卡那霉素、甲醇 含量PH值，磷酸盐缓冲体系和硼硝缓冲体系对手性分离的影响，以及三种有机溶剂（甲醇、乙晴、异丙醇）添加剂对手性分离的影响，结果表明，在含有3％卡那霉素，30mol/L，硼砂缓冲体系（PH＝8．0）添加30％异丙醇是最佳的分离条件。     

手性席夫碱及其金属配合物作为手性催化剂的某些应用

简要介绍和评述了近15年来手性Schiff碱及其金属配合物作为手性催化剂, 在不对称氢化、不对称氢转移、不对称氢硅化、不对称硅氰化和不对称氢氰化等反应中的应用研究进展.     

色谱手性分离研究

手性是自然界的基本属性之一,不同的手性单体具有不同的生理活性,将手性化合物有效的分离具有十分重要的意义.色谱法和膜分离法在拆分手性化合物中得到了越来越广泛的应用,也是我们课题组采用的主要方法.就近几年来拆分手性化合物的一些方法和研究成果本文进行综述,并对今后手性拆分技术的发展方向进行了展望.     

测定手性有机酸对映体纯度的新试剂

用NMR技术测定微量手性化合物的对映体纯度,已有多种方法。其中,加手性镧化物位移试剂法适用面最广,但对有机酸,结果常不理想。另一种使用较广的方法是加手性试剂,将样品中两对映体转变成非对映异构体,然后比较非对映基因NMR信号的强度,确定原样品中对映体的组成比例。国外已出售的手性试     

手性药物的对映体选择性释放

手性和手性物质的重要性已不言而喻,手性药物的开发也已成为主要发展趋势,但目前仍有部分手性药物以消旋体的形式出售和使用。如何合理、有效地使用这些消旋体药物,一直是值得深入研究的课题。对映体选择性释放将手性拆分和控释两个概念结合于一体,有望为消旋体药物的使用提供新的途径。基于本课题组的研究,本文综述了近年来对映体选择性释放研究领域所取得的主要进展。为便于讨论,本文根据构成药物控释载体的手性分子或结构(手性因素),将手性药物释放体系分为有机材料(水凝胶和粒子等)、无机材料和分子印迹材料等控释体系。关于对映体选择性释放以及释放过程中的对映选择性作用的研究,可进一步提升我们对于手性、手性物质和手性作用的认识。     

高效液相色谱手性拆分中的“刷型”手性固定相

对高效液相色谱中的“刷型”手性固定相的发展和应用予以简要的综述,对“刷型”手性固定相的手性识别机理的研究进行了介绍,并指出今后的研究动向。全文８４篇。     

Single-Layered Chiral Nanosheets with Dual Chiral Void Spaces for Highly Efficient Enantiomer Absorption

Although considerable effort in recent years has been devoted to the development of two-dimensional nanostructures, single-layered chiral sheet structures with a lateral assembly of discrete clusters remain elusive. Here, we report single-layered chiral 2D sheet structures with dual chiral void spaces in which discrete clusters of planar aromatic segments are arranged with in-plane AB order in aqueous methanol solution. The chirality of the sheet is induced by the slipped-cofacial stacks of rectangular plate-like aromatic segments in the discrete clusters which are arranged laterally with up and down packing, resulting in dual chiral void spaces. The chiral nanosheets function as superfast enantiomer separation nanomaterials, which rapidly absorb a single enantiomer from a racemic mixture with greater than 99 % ee.     

Experimentation with Chiral CE: The Application of Two Chiral Selectors and Partial Filling with Chiral Selector

Data on the use of two chiral selectors, namely 18-crown-6 tetracarboxylic acid and a negatively charged cyclodextrin derivative (sulfated-β-cyclodextrin or carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin), in the same background electrolyte are presented. The use of such dual systems has a considerable influence on the resolution, as illustrated for the separation of tryptophan derivatives. Reduction of the consumption of chiral selector without significant loss in resolution was obtained by only partly filling the capillary and applying a run buffer without selector. This is illustrated for the chiral separation of tryptophan hydroxamate and the diastereomeric and enantiomeric separation of the dipeptide α/b-AspPhe-OMe.     

Synthesis of Chiral Crownophanes Having Two Phenolic Groups via Tandem Claisen Rearrangement and Their Chiral Recognition

Asymmetric crownophanes having a chiral binaphthyl unit and two phenolic hydroxyl groups were thermally synthesized from the corresponding macrocyclic ethers via tandem Claisen rearrangement. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic studies and HPLC experiments confirmed that little racemization of these crownophanes occurred during the thermal rearrangement. The association constants for the interaction of the chiral crownophanes with the enantiomers of phenylethylamine, phenylglycinol, and phenylalaninol were determined by a ¹H NMR titration method in CD₂Cl₂. As a result, the 27 membered crownophane has some chiral recognition for phenylglycinol.     

Chiral polymer-based biointerface materials

Chirality is a unique phenomenon in nature. Chiral interactions play an important role in biological and physiological processes, which provides much inspiration for scientists to develop chiral materials. As a breakthrough from traditional materials, biointerface materials based on chiral polymers have attracted increasing interest over the past few years. Such materials elegantly combine the advantages of chiral surfaces and traditional polymers, and provide a novel solution not only for the investigation of chiral interaction mechanisms but also for the design of biomaterials with diverse applications, such as in tissue engineering and biocompatible materials, bioregulation, chiral separation and chiral sensors. Herein, we summarize recent advances in the study of chiral effects and applications of chiral polymer-based biointerface materials, and also present some challenges and perspectives.     

多肽超分子手性自组装与应用

多肽分子作为一类重要的生物手性小分子,能够通过分子自组装形成包括纳米螺旋、纳米管、手性凝胶等在内的有着独特生物效应和光学活性的手性纳米材料。这类材料具有易于功能化修饰的优点,在化学、生物、医药、材料科学等领域有着广泛应用,成功对多肽手性自组装结构进行精准多级调控,是进一步实现其功能化应用的基础。本文重点介绍了多肽分子氨基酸序列组成与构型等内部因素,以及溶液pH、溶剂、添加剂等外界因素对多肽分子手性自组装行为的影响,并归纳得出其关键作用机制;同时,还介绍了多肽手性自组装材料在手性催化、手性检测、模板合成、手性光学等领域的应用。     

含氨基酸单元的手性主体的合成及手性识别研究

以L-丙氨酸和2,7-二萘酚为原料通过简单的方法合成了二种带有荧光基团萘的手性阴离子主体(1和2), 用红外光谱、质谱、元素分析、核磁共振氢谱及碳谱表征了它们的结构. 用荧光光谱及核磁共振氢谱研究了主体与二苯甲酰酒石酸阴离子的相互作用, 结果表明1, 2与D-或L-二苯甲酰酒石酸阴离子均形成1∶1的配合物, 主体1展现出良好的对二苯甲酰酒石酸阴离子对映选择性识别能力.     

手性传感器研究进展*

手性工程的崛起对简单、经济、快速、实时、在线的手性检测技术提出了挑战。手性传感器是一个重要的发展趋势。本文综述了近年来在手性电化学传感器、基于石英晶体微天平的手性质量化学传感器及手性光学传感器方面的研究进展,重点介绍了各种传感器的制备及其在手性检测中的应用,并展望了该领域的发展前景。     

手性锌卟啉的圆二色光谱研究

用圆二色光谱（CD）研究了三种新型手性卟啉锌[α,β,α,β－四－[邻（叔丁氧羰L－丙氨酸）氨基苯基]卟啉锌α,β,α,β,－ZnT(o-BocAla)APP1、α,β,α,β-四－[邻（叔丁氧羰L－脯氨酸）氨基苯基]卟啉锌α,β,α,β－ZnT(o-BocPro)APP2和α,β,α,β－甲－[邻（苯甲酰L－谷酰胺）氨基苯基]卟啉锌α,β,α,β－ZnT(o-BenzoylGln)APP3]在CH2Cl2 中的光谱行为,并研究了1作为主体识别手性客体分子氨基酸甲酯前后的光谱,提出了光谱形成机理。     

超分子手性组装体的构建与应用

超分子手性组装体通常由多种非共价相互作用协同驱动形成,是一类具有独特手性限域微环境的软物质,对材料工程、生命科学、光学器件、催化合成等领域的发展具有重要作用.其主要构建方法分为三种:手性基元组装、手性因素诱导非手性基元组装、非手性基元对称性破缺组装.通过分析近年来的研究成果,归纳了利用这三种方法构建超分子手性组装体的一般策略,并简要综述了超分子手性组装体在手性模板、手性识别、圆偏振发光及不对称催化领域中的应用进展与亟需弥补的缺陷.随着研究的深入,手性传递机制将得到进一步解释,未来将有助于人们理解生命体内的手性现象,有望最终解答自然界中的手性起源问题.     

Enantiomeric Discrimination by Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering–Chiral Anisotropy of Chiral Nanostructured Gold Films

A surface‐enhanced Raman scattering‐chiral anisotropy (SERS‐ChA) effect is reported that combines chiral discrimination and surface Raman scattering enhancement on chiral nanostructured Au films (CNAFs) equipped in the normal Raman scattering Spectrometer. The CNAFs provided remarkably higher enhancement factors of Raman scattering (EFs) for particular enantiomers, and the SERS intensity was proportional to the enantiomeric excesses (ee) values. Except for molecules with mesomeric species, all of the tested enantiomers exhibited high SERS‐ChA asymmetry factors (g), ranging between 1.34 and 1.99 regardless of polarities, sizes, chromophores, concentrations and ee. The effect might be attributed to selective resonance coupling between the induced electric and magnetic dipoles associated with enantiomers and chiral plasmonic modes of CNAFs.