Polysaccharides of algae 67. Carrageenan from Pacific red alga Turnerella mertensiana (Gigartinales,Rhodophyta)

A sulfated galactan composed of nearly equimolar amounts of d-galactose, 3,6-anhydro-d-galactose, and sulfate was isolated from the red alga Turnerella mertensiana collected in the Sea of Japan. The structures of native polysaccharide and its alkaline modification products were studied by NMR spectroscopy. The polysaccharide molecules were shown to contain a linear carbohydrate chain consisting of alternating 3-linked β-d-galactopyranose 4-sulfate and 4-linked 3,6-anhydro-α-d-galactopyranose residues (known as к-carrageenan), which is typical of carrageenans, but the regularity of polymer structure is masked by the presence of some 3,6-anhydro-α-d-galactose 2-sulfate (ι-carrageenan units) and α-D-galactose 6-sulfate (µ-carrageenan units) instead of 3,6-anhydro-α-d-galactose. Upon addition of potassium chloride (up to 4%) to a solution of the native polysaccharide, about half of the substance transforms into gel. The gel-forming fraction is к-ι-µ-hybrid carrageenan with the ～65 : 15 : 20 ratio of к-, ι-, and µ-units. The non-gelling fraction contains the к-, ι-, and µ-units at the ratio of ～46 : 12 : 42. The gel-forming carrageenan product free of µ-units can be otained in ～30% yield (based on the dry biomass) by alkaline treatment of the alga prior to extraction of the polysaccharide.

     

Flow Asymptotics of a Viscous Compressible Fluid with Discontinuous Initial Data

Asymptotics of a continuous solution to a plane problem on the motion of a viscous incompressible fluid with discontinuous initial velocity and pressure fields is studied by the boundarylayer method with simultaneous stretching of space and time coordinates.     

The new frozen spin target at MAMI

The new frozen spin polarized target for experiments at the polarized beam of the real photon facility A2 of the MAMI accelerator is described. The A2-collaboration at the Mainz Microtron MAMI is measuring photon absorption cross section using circularly and linearly polarized photons up to the energy of 1.5 GeV. The photons are produced in the’ Bremsstrahlungs’ process. In the years 2005/2006 the Crystal Ball detector with its unique capability to cope with multi photon final states was set up in Mainz. Since 2010 the experimental apparatus has been completed by a polarized target. The horizontal dilution refrigerator of the Frozen-Spin Target has been constructed and is operated in close cooperation with the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia. The system offers the opportunity to provide longitudinally and transversely polarized protons and deuteron. In this paper the operation experience of this new Frozen-Spin Target and first results from the runs in 2010 and 2011 are presented.     

A New Oligomer Photosemiconductor Containing Anthracenyl Groups

The photothermoplastic oligomer 1-OAGE containing unsymmetrical anthracene chromophore units has been synthesized. It possesses improved ability to form complexes with charge transfer to electron acceptors and improved information properties in comparison with the symmetrical analog 9-OAGE.     

Multi-reaction-channel fitting calculations in a coupled-channel model: Photoinduced strangeness production

To describe photo- and meson-induced reactions on the nucleon, one is faced with a rather extensive coupled-channel problem. Ignoring the effects of channel coupling, as one would do in describing a certain reaction at the tree level, invariably creates a large inconsistency between the different reactions that are described. In addition, the imaginary parts of the amplitude, which are related through the optical theorem, to total cross-sections, are directly reflected in certain polarization observables. Performing a full coupled-channel calculation thus offers the possibility to implement the maximum number of constraints. The drawback one is faced with is to arrive at a simultaneous fit of a large number of reaction channels. While some of the parameters are common to many reactions, one is still faced with the challenge to optimize a large number of parameters in a highly non-linear calculation. Here we show that such an approach is possible and present some results for photoinduced strangeness production.     

Study of the Process $${e}^{{+}}{e}^{{-}}{\to}{\eta\pi}^{{0}}{\gamma}$$ in the Cossision-Energy Range of $$\sqrt{{s}}{=}{1.05{-}2.00}$$ GeV

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - The process $$e^{+}e^{-}\to\eta\pi^{0}\gamma$$ is studied in the range of center-of-mass (c.m.) collision energies between 1.05 and 2.00 GeV on the basis of data...     

Measurement of the Cross Section for the Process $${e^{+}e^{-}}{\to}{K}^{{+}}{K}^{{-}}{\pi}^{{0}}$$ with the SND Detector at Collision Energies of $$\sqrt{{s}}{=}{1.3{-}2.0}$$ GeV in the Center-of-Mass Frame

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - In an experiment with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $$e^{+}e^{-}$$ collider, the cross sections for the processes $$e^{+}e^{-}\to K^{+}K^{-}\pi^{0}$$ and...     

Equilibrium faceting formation in vicinal Al2O3 (0001) surface caused by annealing

We report on a heat-induced transformation of the surface of α-alumina (0001) crystals which have an off-cut in the [1$\overline{2}$10] direction. Annealing the crystal causes the surface to transform into a regular array of (0001) and (1$\overline{2}$16) facets. The resultant faceted morphology represents the equilibrium state of the system. It is demonstrated that the average terrace periodicity is determined by the annealing temperature. Possible causes for the surface rearrangement are also discussed. This method could be used for producing templates with controlled periodicity for growth of nanostructure arrays.