MWCNTs/hydroxypropyl cellulose/polyethylene glycol-based shape-stabilized phase change materials

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used as phase change materials (PCMs). However, the leakage and low thermal conductivity issues restrict its...     

利用空间位阻和氢溢流协同作用促进5-羟甲基糠醛选择性加氢制备5-甲基糠醛

化学工业生产中，用氢气为还原剂，通过选择性加氢可以制备多种重要化学品。5-羟甲基糠醛是重要的生物质基平台化合物，而5-甲基糠醛是用途广泛的化学品。由5-羟甲基糠醛加氢得到5-甲基糠醛是一条非常理想的路径，但是选择性活化C-OH非常困难。本文设计并制备了Pt@PVP/Nb₂O₅(PVP: 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)催化剂，该催化体系巧妙地结合了位阻效应、氢溢流和催化剂界面的电子效应，系统研究了该催化剂对5-羟甲基糠醛选择性加氢制备5-甲基糠醛催化性能，在最优条件下，5-甲基糠醛的选择性可达92%。利用密度泛函理论计算研究了5-羟甲基糠醛选择性加氢制备5-甲基糠醛反应路径。     

Alignment and efficiency-monitoring method of high-power fiber-to-fiber coupling

High-power fiber-to-fiber coupling is extensively used in fiber laser applications,and its performance is determined by coupling efficiency.We demonstrate a novel method for alignment and monitoring efficiency by detecting backscattering power at the fiber end cap.The relationship between alignment error and backscattering power is determined by simulations and experiments.Through this method,a state-of-the-art kW-level fiberto-fiber optic switch is developed(transmission efficiency>97%).It performs well for longer than 60 min.To the best of our knowledge,it is the first time to establish the mathematical model based on this method.Our results can provide guidance in high-power fiber-to-fiber coupling.     

Recent Progress of Small-Molecule Ratiometric Fluorescent Probes for Peroxynitrite in Biological Systems

Peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) as a major reactive oxygen species plays important roles in cellular signal transduction and homeostatic regulation. Precise detection of ONOO⁻ in biological systems is vital for exploring its physiological and pathological function. Among numerous detection methods, fluorescence imaging technology using fluorescent probes offers some advantages, including simple operation, high sensitivity and selectivity, as well as real-time and nondestructive detection. In particular, ratiometric fluorescent probes, in which the built-in calibration of the two emission bands prevents interference from the biological environment, have been extensively employed to monitor the fluctuation of bioactive species. In this review, we will discuss small-molecule ratiometric fluorescent probes for ONOO⁻ in live cells or in vivo, which involves chemical structures, response mechanisms, and biological applications. Moreover, the challenges and future prospects of ONOO⁻-responsive ratiometric fluorescent probe are also proposed.     

2,6-二甲基-3,5-二(吡唑-3-基)吡啶/铜构筑的一维链状Keggin型杂多酸盐的合成、结构及电化学性质研究

以二水氯化铜(CuCl2·2H2O)、硅酸钠(Na2SiO3)、钼酸钠(Na2 MoO4)和2,6-二甲基-3,5-二(吡唑-3-基)吡啶(简写为H2L)为原料,通过水热反应,成功地合成了一个一维链状Keggin型多酸基杂化化合物[Cu2(H3L)2](SiMo12O40).通过X-射线单晶衍射、TGA、IR以及元素分析对该化合物的结构进行表征.测试结果表明,该化合物属于三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞参数a=1.1689(5) nm,b=1.2157(5) nm,c=1.2233(5) nm,α=62.066(5)°,β=62.833(5)°,γ =74.789(5)°,V=1.363 8(10) nm3,Z=2,R1=0.082 4,wR2=0.174 5.电化学分析结果表明该化合物对亚硝酸盐的还原具有良好的电催化效果.     

含孔隙混凝土二维细观建模方法研究

根据混凝土的细观组成和结构特点,对传统二维建模方法加以继承与改进,提出了一种高效的分步入侵判定算法.将孔隙直观地反映在模型中,建立了不同的含孔隙混凝土细观模型.对含圆形、椭圆形、多边形骨料与圆形、椭圆形孔隙的混凝土标准试件分别进行了建模研究,结果表明本文的算法具有较强适用性.同时,通过对不同面积率与多种形状骨料/孔隙混凝土的大量建模进一步验证了该算法的效率.模拟了混凝土试件在单轴压缩下的准静态力学性能,分析了混凝土内部孔隙对其裂纹扩展的主要路径、破坏模式以及宏观力学性能的显著影响.     

An Ultra-Long-Life Lithium-Rich Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2 Cathode by Three-in-One Surface Modification for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Voltage decay and capacity fading are the main challenges for the commercialization of Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides (LLOs). Now, a three-in-one surface treatment is designed via the pyrolysis of urea to improve the voltage and capacity stability of Li_1.2Mn_0.6Ni_0.2O₂ (LMNO), by which oxygen vacancies, spinel phase integration, and N-doped carbon nanolayers are synchronously built on the surface of LMNO microspheres. Oxygen vacancies and spinel phase integration suppress irreversible O₂ release and help lithium ion diffusion, while N-doped carbon nanolayer mitigates the corrosion of electrolyte with excellent conductivity. The electrochemical performance of LMNO after the treatment improves significantly; the capacity retention rate after 500 cycles at 1 C is still as high as 89.9 % with a very small voltage fading rate of 1.09 mV cycle⁻¹. This three-in-one surface treatment strategy can suppress the voltage decay and capacity fading of LLOs.     

Samarium(II) Monoalkyl Complex Supported by a β-Diketiminato-Based Tetradentate Ligand: Synthesis,Structure, and Catalytic Hydrosilylation of Internal Alkynes

The synthesis and catalytic applications of trivalent rare-earth metal alkyl complexes have been well developed, but the chemistry of divalent rare-earth metal alkyl complexes lagged much behind. Herein, we report the synthesis, structure, and catalytic applications of a samarium(II) monoalkyl complex supported by a β-diketiminato-based tetradentate ligand, [LSmCH(SiMe₃)₂] (L=[MeC(NDipp)CHC(Me)NCH₂CH₂N(Me)CH₂CH₂NMe₂]⁻, Dipp=2,6-(iPr)₂C₆H₃). This complex is synthesized by the salt metathesis reaction of samarium iodide [LSm(μ-I)]₂ and KCH(SiMe₃)₂ in 63 % yield. Its structure is characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, showing a distorted square-pyramid coordination geometry. This samarium(II) monoalkyl complex exhibits high catalytic activity in the hydrosilylation of aryl and methyl-substituted unsymmetrical internal alkynes with secondary hydrosilanes, selectively providing the α-(E) products in high yields.