Ku波段扩展互作用速调管设计

 微波电真空器件随着频率的升高,不但聚焦系统难以实现,而且其输出增益和带宽都受到很大的限制,要解决该问题,建议采用扩展互作用速调管,采用分布作用谐振腔技术来扩展其工作带宽和提高增益。利用CST和粒子模拟(PIC)3维软件对其工作在Ku波段扩展互作用速调管进行了设计和仿真,在工作电压30 kV、束流8.5 A的条件下,聚焦系统采用幅值为0.48 T的周期反转永磁聚焦,在输入功率为5.1 W时,得到效率为23%,3 dB带宽为306 MHz,频带内最大增益为39 dB,其峰值功率为58 kW的微波输出。     

Statistical physics of human beings in games:Controlled experiments

It is important to know whether the laws or phenomena in statistical physics for natural systems with non-adaptive agents still hold for social human systems with adaptive agents, because this implies whether it is possible to study or understand social human systems by using statistical physics originating from natural systems. For this purpose, we review the role of human adaptability in four kinds of specific human behaviors, namely, normal behavior, herd behavior, contrarian behavior, and hedge behavior. The approach is based on controlled experiments in the framework of market-directed resource-allocation games. The role of the controlled experiments could be at least two-fold: adopting the real human decision-making process so that the system under consideration could reflect the performance of genuine human beings;making it possible to obtain macroscopic physical properties of a human system by tuning a particular factor of the system,thus directly revealing cause and effect. As a result, both computer simulations and theoretical analyses help to show a few counterparts of some laws or phenomena in statistical physics for social human systems: two-phase phenomena or phase transitions, entropy-related phenomena, and a non-equilibrium steady state. This review highlights the role of human adaptability in these counterparts, and makes it possible to study or understand some particular social human systems by means of statistical physics coming from natural systems.     

CO_2激光烧结合成负热膨胀材料Sc_2(MO_4)_3(M=W,Mo)及其拉曼光谱

用CO2激光烧结合成了负热膨胀材料Sc2(WO4)3和Sc2(MoO4)3.实验表明,激光合成负热膨胀材料Sc2(WO4)3和Sc2(MoO4)3属于快速合成技术,合成一个样品的时间仅需几秒到十几秒,具有快速凝固的特征;X射线衍射和拉曼光谱分析表明,所合成的材料为正交相结构,且具有较高的纯度;变温拉曼光谱分析表明,所合成的材料在室温以上没有相变,但可能有微弱的吸水性;在对Sc2O3,Mo O3,WO3,Sc2(MoO4)3和Sc2(WO4)3拉曼光谱分析的基础上,给出了激光光子能量及原料和合成产物的声子能级图,分析了激光烧结合成的机理.激光光子能量转化为激发声子的能量是光热转化的主要通道,原料在熔池中反应并快速凝固形成最终产物.     

一类模糊不动点定理及其应用

在半序模糊距离空间中,讨论了一类单调模糊映射的性质,并且把其应用于研究RegularFNN和解模糊方程.     

Negative thermal expansion and photoluminescence in solid solution(HfSc)_(0.83)W_(2.25)P_(0.83)O_(12-δ)

A solid solution of(HfSc)_(0.83)W_(2.25)P_(0.83)O_(12-δ)is synthesized by the high-temperature, solid-state reaction and fastquenching method. It is shown that it possesses an orthorhombic structure with space group Pmmm(47) and exhibits negative thermal expansion(NTE) property with low anisotropy in thermal expansion. The coefficients of thermal expansion(CTEs) for a, b, and c axes are-1.41 × 10~(-6) K~(-1),-2.23 × 10~(-6) K-1, and-1.87 × 10~(-6) K-1, respectively. This gives rise to volume and linear CTEs of-3.10 × 10-6 K-1 and-1.03 × 10-6 K-1, respectively. Besides, it exhibits also intense photoluminescence from 360 nm to about 600 nm. The mechanism of NTE and the correlation of the PL with axial thermal expansion property are discussed.     

葡萄糖酶电极测定环糊精聚合物中的环糊精单元

用多巴胺电氧化聚合物膜将葡萄糖氧化酶固定在铅笔电极上,制得简易的葡萄糖酶电极.用自制的葡萄糖酶电极对自制环糊精聚合物中环糊精单元进行定量检测.研究了自制的葡萄糖酶电极的检测范围和稳定性.结果表明环糊精聚合物中环糊精单元质量与葡萄糖酶电极响应电流间存在很好的线性关系,且酶电极稳定性好,可以多次反复使用,连续使用30天,响应电流只减弱7%.与用Sulfate-Phenol比色法测得的环糊精聚合物中环糊精单元结果相比,两者相对偏差在8%以内.     

Progress in physical properties of Chinese stock markets

In the past two decades, statistical physics was brought into the field of finance, applying new methods and concepts to financial time series and developing a new interdiscipline “econophysics”. In this review, we introduce several commonly used methods for stock time series in econophysics including distribution functions, correlation functions, detrended fluctuation analysis method, detrended moving average method, and multifractal analysis. Then based on these methods, we review some statistical properties of Chinese stock markets including scaling behavior, long-term correlations, cross-correlations, leverage effects, antileverage effects, and multifractality. Last, based on an agent-based model, we develop a new option pricing model — financial market model that shows a good agreement with the prices using real Shanghai Index data. This review is helpful for people to understand and research statistical physics of financial markets.     

L_p(0

梁源 《数学年刊A辑(中文版)》1999,(4)