A Facile Solvothermal Synthesis of Monodisperse Ni Nanoparticles

A simple solvothermal approach was developed to synthesize uniform spherical monodisperse Ni nanoparticles, which can easily disperse in nonpolar solvents to form homogenous colloidal solution. The as-prepared sample was characterized by XRD, TEM, and FTIR. The results indicate that Ni nanoparticles have the structure of face-centered cube and a narrow distribution with a diameter of （3.5±0.5） nm. The FTIR spectrum reveals that the nanoparticles are coated with oleic acid. In the synthetic process, N2H4·H2O was used as a reducing agent and oleic acid as a surfactant. The probable formation mechanism of the spherical nanoparticles was also discussed.     

Synthesis and Soft Magnetic Properties of Mg-doped Ni Nanoparticles

Mg-doped Ni nanoparticles with good soft magnetic properties were prepared with the sol-gel method and were sintered at 400, 500, 600, and 900℃ in argon atmosphere, respectively. The structure and magnetic properties of the samples were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, TEM, and VSM magnetometers. X-Ray powder diffraction results show that Ni-Mg solid solution was formed with the single phase of face-centered cubic（fcc） structure. The particle size became larger with the increase of temperature. When the sintering temperature was 400 °C, the particle size was 6.3 nm, whereas it was 46.2 nm at 900 °C. Both the saturation magnetization（Ms） and the coercivity were enhanced with the increase of the particle size. The Ms values of the samples ranged from 18.965 to 46.766 emu/g and the coercivity ranged from 1051.3568 to 9145.0848 A/m.     

硫杂蒽酮镍（II）配合物与DNA的作用研究

合成了O-（硫杂蒽酮-[2]-基）-氧乙酸镍（II）配合物。通过元素分析,IR, DTA-TG谱对其结构进行了表征。研究表明：配体羧羰基脱质子后与镍离子配位,配合物中含有一定量的配位水。同时以紫外可见光谱、荧光光谱、园二色谱,电化学方法和凝胶电泳方法研究了该配合物与DNA的作用。结果表明,该配合物能在生理条件下比配体和金属离子更有效地切割质粒DNA,自由基捕捉剂的加入不影响配合物的切割活性。该配合物使DNA溶液的紫外吸收强度和园二色吸收强度降低,DNA的存在可使该配合物的氧化还原活性降低。与溴化乙锭和DNA的竞争反应说明,该配合物主要以嵌入方式与DNA结合。     

新型的钛基Ni-Sn/Ti电极的制备及对甲醇氧化反应的电催化活性

利用电热法,一步制备出新型的钛基Ni-Sn/Ti电极(Ni8Sn/Ti, Ni7Sn3/Ti 和 Ni/Ti)。扫描电镜（SEM）图像表明,催化剂以片状的纳米颗粒形式沉积于钛基体上。利用电化学伏安技术、电位阶跃法和电化学交流阻抗谱（EIS）,研究了这些电极在1mol.L�1NaOH溶液中对甲醇氧化反应的电催化活性。研究表明,与Ni7Sn3/Ti,Ni/Ti以及多晶镍电极相比,Ni8Sn/Ti电极对甲醇氧化反应表现出更高的阳极氧化电流和更低的起始电位。EIS分析表明,在本文所考察的阳极电位和甲醇浓度下,Ni8Sn/Ti电极对甲醇氧化反应显示出极低的电荷传递电阻。结果表明,这种新型的钛基Ni8Sn/Ti电极对甲醇氧化反应具有极高的电催化活性。     

Effects of CO2 content on the activity and stability of nickel catalyst supported on mesoporous nanocrystalline zirconia

The effects of carbon dioxide content on the catalytic performance and coke formation of nickel catalyst supported on mesoporous nanocrystalline zirconia with high surface area and pure tetragonal crystalline phase were investigated in methane reforming with carbon dioxide. The samples were characterized by XRD, BET, TPR, TPO, TPH, TEM, and SEM techniques. The catalyst prepared showed high surface area and a mesoporous structure with a narrow pore size distribution. The obtained results revealed that the increase in CO2 content increased the methane conversion and stability of the catalyst and significantly reduced the coke deposition. The TPH analysis showed that several species of carbon with different reactivities toward hydrogenation were deposited on the spent catalysts employed under different CO2 contents.     

Selective catalytic methanation of CO in hydrogen-rich gases over Ni/ZrO2 catalyst

Ni/ZrO2 catalysts were prepared by the incipient-wetness impregnation method and were investigated in activity and selectivity for the selective catalytic methanation of CO in hydrogen-rich gases with more than 20 vol% CO2. The result showed that Ni loadings significantly influenced the performance of Ni/ZrO2 catalyst. The 1.6 wt% Ni loading catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity among all the catalysts in the selective methanation of CO in hydrogen-rich gas. The outlet concentration of CO was less than 20 ppm with the hydrogen consumption below 7%, at a gas-hourly-space velocity as high as 10000 h-1 and a temperature range of 260 °C to 280 °C. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） and temperature programmed reduction （TPR） measurements showed that NiO was dispersed thoroughly on the surface of ZrO2 support if Ni loading was under 1.6 wt%. When Ni loading was increased to 3 wt% or above, the free bulk NiO species began to assemble, which was not favorable to increase the selectivity of the catalyst.     

Ni^2＋／TiO2介孔材料光催化降解造纸废水影响因素的研究

溶胶-凝胶法合成了不同Ni掺杂量的Ni2 /TiO2介孔复合材料.用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、红外(FT - IR)光谱和N2吸附脱附等对产物结构进行了表征.考察了Ni掺杂量、催化剂的用量、初始pH、外加氧化剂等因素对光催化降解造纸废水的影响.结果表明: Ni2 /TiO2介孔复合材料光催化降解造纸废水的最佳反应条件为:Ni掺杂量为2%、催化剂用量1.5g/L、初始pH=4、通氧;光照4 h后,废水色度去除率达100%; 12 h后,废水CODCr去除率达到83.4%.     

MOF热解法制备Ni/C核壳材料及其催化苯乙炔加氢性能研究

通过水热合成法以硝酸镍和2,5-二羟基对苯二甲酸为原料成功合成Ni-MOF-74.以此为前体,在Ar气氛下热解制备了一系列介孔结构丰富、尺寸均匀的纳米Ni/C核壳催化剂.Ar气氛下通过延长热解时间（400℃,6 h）或提高热解温度（≥500℃）可以得到完全热解产物,粒子尺寸随热解温度的升高而增大.H₂-TPR结果表明随着热解温度的提高,镍与表面碳层之间的相互作用增强,材料还原性能降低.TEM和Ar离子溅射XPS给出了Ni/C纳米材料为核壳结构的直接证据.由于表面碳层的化学惰性,隔离作用和电子调控作用,使得部分镍物种能够以单质镍（Ni⁰）形式稳定存在.其次,表面碳壳的存在减弱了颗粒间的相互作用,有利于催化剂在反应体系中均匀分散.以苯乙炔选择加氢反应为探针,在高压釜式反应器中测试Ni/C的催化性能.研究发现Ni/C在苯乙炔加氢反应中表现出了非常优异的催化活性（0.833 mmol•min^-1•g_cat.^-1）和稳定性.其与几种催化剂的加氢活性由弱到强的顺序为：Ni < NiSi_x < 负载型Ni₂Si < Ni/C < Pd < Pt.     

Cu、Ni共掺杂ZnO光催化性能及机理

以自制的Gemini表面活性剂为软模版,硝酸锌为锌源、硫酸铜为铜源、硝酸镍为镍源,采用水热法制备Cu、Ni共掺杂ZnO。用XRD、SEM-EDX、UV-Vis DRS和PL对样品进行表征。以罗丹明B为模拟污染物,研究了水热时间,水热温度,煅烧时间,煅烧温度,Cu、Ni掺杂量对光催化性能的影响。结果表明:Cu和Ni均掺入到了ZnO晶格中,光催化实验表明,当水热时间8h、水热温度130℃、煅烧温度500℃、煅烧时间3 h,0.8 mg·L~(-1)的1.0%Cu-3.0%Ni/ZnO在250 W高压汞灯灯光照射90 min后对10 mg·L~(-1)罗丹明B溶液的降解率达到96.9%。     

Effects of lanthanum addition on Ni-B amorphous alloy catalysts used in anthraquinone hydrogenation

Amorphous Ni-B alloys with or without lanthanum were prepared by KBH₄ reduction, characterized by ICP, BET surface area measurement, XRD, TPD, H₂ chemisorption, etc., and studied in the hydrogenation of anthraquinone. The addition of lanthanum chloride in the preparation procedure leads to the incorporation of lanthanum oxide and the decrease of Ni:B ratio in the Ni-B amorphous alloy. In comparison with Ni-B, the presence of lanthanum oxide in the amorphous alloy lead to higher BET area, higher extents of H₂ chemisorption and desorption, the shift of H₂ desorption peaks to lower temperatures, and higher TOF and reaction rate in the hydrogenation of anthraquinone. The effects of lanthanum were attributed to its dispersion of Ni, leading to much more active centers and the donation of electrons to Ni and therefore activating the adsorbed hydrogen and weakening the binding energy between nickel and hydrogen. As a result, both TOF and the reaction rate in the hydrogenation of anthraquinone were increased with the addition of lanthanum. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.