Noncoaxial vibration of fluid-filled multi-walled carbon nanotubes

This paper is concerned with the free vibration of the fluid-filled multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with simply supported ends. Based on simplified Donnell’s cylindrical shell model and potential flow theory, the effect of internal fluid on the coupling vibration of the MWCNTs-fluid system is discussed in detail. The results show that the resonant frequencies are decreased due to the effect of the fluid, and the fluid has only a little influence on the associated amplitude ratio in MWCNTs corresponding to the natural resonant frequency (frequency of the innermost tube), while plays a significant role in the associated amplitude ratios corresponding to the intertube resonant frequency. For the natural resonant frequency, the vibration mode is coaxial. However, for the intertube resonant frequency, the system shows complex noncoaxial vibration, which plays a critical role in electronic and transport properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs).     

Rolling element bearing diagnosis based on probability box theory

Feature extraction leads to the loss of statistical information of raw data and ignores the sampling uncertainty and the fluctuations in the signal over time in mechanical fault diagnosis. In this paper, novel modeling methods for mechanical signals based on probability box theory were proposed to solve the above problem. First, the type of random distribution of the bearing signals were analyzed. Then, a Dempster-Shafer structure was obtained to establish a probability box model. To address the identification difficulty of the type of random distribution for the bearing signals, a second probability box model was established based on a vector consisting of features from the bearing signals. If the data are not found to follow a random distribution, a third modeling method based on the definition of probability boxes was proposed. The effectiveness and applicability of the three proposed models were compared with experimental data from rolling element bearings. The combination of probability box theory and mechanical fault diagnosis theory can open up a new research direction for mechanical fault diagnosis.     

Structural,Elastic, and Electronic Properties of a New Phase of Carbon

Based on density function theory with the ultrasoft pseudopotential scheme in the frame of the local density approximation and the generalized gradient approximation, the structural, elastic, and electronic properties of carbon with P222₁ phase have been systematically studied in this paper. The calculated results show that the P222₁ phase of carbon is mechanically stable and dynamically stable at ambient pressure. The anisotropy studies of Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, shear anisotropic factor, the percentage of elastic anisotropy for bulk modulus, the percentage of elastic anisotropy for shear modulus and the universal anisotropic index show that P222₁ phase of carbon exhibits anisotropy. In addition, P222₁ phase is an indirect semiconductor with bandgap of 3.423 eV. But, the band gap of P222₁ phase for carbon increase with increasing pressure.     

西昌昔格达组粉砂岩动力特性研究

为西昌昔格达组地层场地地震安全性评价提供基础性数据,对西昌经久乡昔格达组粉砂岩进行了一系列动三轴试验.研究结果表明:西昌昔格达组粉砂岩在一定条件下(σ3c=100、200、400 kPa,kc=1.0、1.5、2.0)的骨干曲线符合幂函数模型;动剪应力随着固结围压σ3c或固结主压力比kc增大而增大;在偏压状态下产生相同动剪应变所需要的动剪应力比均压状态所需要的动剪应力大.不同固结应力条件下,动剪切模量随固结压力或固结主压力比增大而增大,随动剪应变增加而减小并趋于稳定;最大动剪切模量Gd0与σ3c/Pa、kc均有良好的幂函数关系.阻尼比随动剪应变增大而增大,但增大幅值随动剪应变增大而迅速减小;阻尼比随围压或固结主压力比增大而减小;不同固结应力条件下(λ/λmax)与(1-Gd/Gdo)有良好的幂函数关系并可归一化处理.西昌昔格达组饱和粉砂岩的动剪应力τd随固结围压σ3c或固结主压力比kc增大而增大,随振动次数增加而减小;τd/σm随固结围压σ3c增大而减小,随固结主压力比kc增大而增大;动剪应力τd与平均压力σm、固结主压力比kc有较好的线性关系.     

X射线荧光光谱法快速分析苹果酸·柠檬酸钙中的总钙

文章以粉末压片法制样,顺序式单道X射线荧光光谱仪测定苹果酸·柠檬酸钙中的总钙, 方法快速准确简捷,完成一个样品制备和分析只需10 min;文章还进行了火焰原子吸收光谱法的对比试验, 阐述了两法各自的特点。     

ANALYSIS OF NONLINEAR DYNAMIC STABILITY OF LIQUID-CONVEYING PIPES

Nonlinearly dynamic stability of flexible liquid-conveying pipe in fluid structure interaction was analyzed by using modal disassembling technique . The effects of Poisson . Junction and Friction couplings in the wave-flowing-vibration system on the pipe dynamic stability were included in the analytical model constituted by four nonlinear differential equations . An analyzing example of cantilevered pipe was done to illustrate the dynamic stability characteristics of the pipe in the full coupling mechanisms , and the phase curves related to the first four modal motions were drawn . The results show that the dynamic stable characteristics of the pipe are very complicated in the complete coupling mechanisms, and the kinds of the singularity points corresponding to the various modal motions are different.     

Stochastic modelling of the heat and moisture transfer in a porous medium

A multi-phase and multi-component flow model with inherent stochastic terms is derived and is used to study the heat and moisture transfer in a fibrous porous medium. The materials’ porosity, velocity derived from Darcy’s law and ambient temperature at the external boundary are treated as white Gaussian noises. An effective multistep implicit splitting finite difference method (FDM) is adopted to solve the strongly coupled non-linear water, energy, vapour and air equations. The existence of a unique solution is analysed through the Lipschitz, monotonicity, growth, hemicontinuity and coercivity conditions. The notion of better thermal comfort arises from the results, as fluctuations are seen to dissipate on approaching the inner boundary (human body). Also, attention is drawn to the significance of considering all necessary uncertain variables in the system of equations. Four scenarios are considered in order to investigate the degree of contribution of the fluctuating terms. Clearly, ignoring certain vital stochastic elements can influence the results. Consequently, a combination of the stochastic porosity, velocity and ambient temperature incorporated into the same multi-phase and multi-component flow model is expected to provide more realistic results.     

The comparative analysis of prebiological evolution models

Several models of prebiological systems are described and analyzed. The following models are characterized: a quasispecies model, a hypercycle model, a syser model (the term "syser" is an abbreviation of SYstem of SElf-Reproduction), a stochastic corrector model, a model of the origin of a primordial genome through spontaneous symmetry breaking. The quasispecies model analyzes the Darwinian evolution of information chains; this evolution is similar to the evolution of RNA molecules. Rather general estimates of the speed and efficiency of evolutionary processes can be obtained in the framework of the quasispecies model. We briefly describe the method for obtaining these estimates and the corresponding results. The hypercycle model considers the interaction of RNA chains and enzymes. The syser model characterizes a rather general scheme of the self-reproducing system, which is similar to the self-reproducing systems of biological cells. Syser includes a polynucleotide sequence, a replication enzyme, a translation enzyme, and other enzymes; these macromolecules are located inside the protocell. The stochastic corrector model describes the process of using a relatively small number of molecules of competing and cooperating replicators in protocells. The model of the origin of a primordial genome through spontaneous symmetry breaking characterizes an interesting and important process of the appearance of genotypes in protocells. This model was proposed and investigated by Takeuchi, Hogeweg, and Kaneko in 2017; we call it further “the THK model.” The current article characterizes and compares all these models.