二氧化钛溶胶粒度分布与光谱特征

利用粒子解胶法由工业粉体制备了四种不同粒度分布的纳米ＴｉＯ２溶胶。发现解胶酸度可有效控制纳米ＴｉＯ２溶胶粒子种的尺寸及尺寸分布,在它们特征化的吸收光谱中,发现吸收上升边发生了很大的蓝移并出现明显的激子峰。     

MgAl2O4尖晶石的合成及作为甲烷部分氧化反应的良好催化剂载体

γ-Al2O3 has been intensively studied as a catalyst support in alkane conversion due to its large surface area. However, it is susceptible to crystal phase transition and favors catalyst sintering while the operaing temperature is higher than 700℃. Therefore, its application in industrial reactions is limited.     

混合导体透氧膜反应器中甲烷部分氧化反应的催化行为(英文)

应用组成为Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-(的钙钛矿型混合导体陶瓷膜制成膜反应器。该膜在进行氧分离的同时具有活化甲烷氧化偶联的催化功能。随着温度升高和膜的富氧端氧分压的增大,透氧量有所增加。在空气、氦气的氧分压梯度下,850(C,膜厚度为1.5 mm时,JO2可达到1.2 mL/(cm3(min)。同时在800(C~900(C温度范围内,该膜对于甲烷转化为乙烷和乙烯一般只具有0.5%~3.5%的低转化率,而选择性可达40%~70%。在反应尾气中发现了大量的未反应的分子氧,说明过量的氧与甲烷未经催化反应的气相反应导致了C2的选择性相对较低。OCM膜反应模式情况下的透氧量与空气、氦气梯度情况下的透氧量相比只有微小增加,这与POM膜反应模式情况下透氧量大量增加显著不同。     

Mixed-conducting perovskite-type Sr_xBi_(1-X)FeO_(3-δ)oxygen-permeating membranes

SrxBi1-xFeO3- (SBF) series mixed conductors were synthesized using Standard ceramic method. The properties of such materials were characterized by XRD, O2-TPD techniques. Ab-normal crystal phenomena were found and explained and correlated with the oxygen permeation results. By analysis of the critical radius (rc), the degree of openness of the lattice (Fv) and the average metal-oxygen bonding energy of the perovskite lattice (ABE), it was proposed that the oxygen permeation flux is determined mainly by the oxygen diffusion rate in bulk when 1-x≤0.5, and by the concentration of oxygen vacancy when 1-x≥ 0.5. The stability of Sr0.5Bi0.5FeO3- was also investigated, and the high stability of it was attributed to the stable BO6 octahedra.     

钙钛矿型SrxBi1-xFeO3-δ混合导体透氧膜

采用固相反应法合成了SrxBi1-xFeO3 -δ系列混合导体透氧膜材料 ,对其透氧性能进行了测定 .应用XRD ,O2 TPD等技术对材料的晶体学结构与性质进行了表征 .解释了SrxBi1-xFeO3 -δ系列材料异常的晶体学规律 ,并将其与透氧规律进行了关联 .通过对关口尺寸、晶胞自由体积及金属 氧平均键能的计算与分析 ,提出了当1 -x≤ 0 .5时 ,透氧量的大小取决于氧在体相中的迁移速率 ;当 1 -x≥ 0 .5时 ,透氧量取决于氧空穴的浓度 .同时对Sr0 .5 Bi0 .5 FeO3 -δ的相稳定性进行了研究 ,指出其高化学稳定性的原因主要归结于稳定的BO6八面体基本骨架形式 .     

新型反相微乳液制备纳米结构甲烷催化燃烧催化剂La0.95Ba0.05MnAl11O19-α的研究

提出一种由水, 异丙醇, 正丁醇组成的新型微乳液, 并以其为反应介质制备了甲烷高温燃烧La_0.95Ba_0.05MnAl₁₁O_19-a催化剂. 采用¹H NMR, FT-IR, 电导法及激光粒度散射法研究了新型微乳液中水的结构及相特性. 新型微乳液中水的体积分数小于一定值时, 电导率与水含量成非线性关系, k～φ曲线上存在一临界值(φ^P＝0.15). 水质子的化学位移随水含量的降低移向高场. 加入4% D₂O测定的O—D键的伸缩振动随水含量增加而向高波数方向移动. 异丙醇铝在新型微乳液中水解形成的Al(OH)₃ 胶体粒子的粒径范围为226～329 nm. 采用新型微乳液作为反应介质制备的Ba_0.05La_0.95MnAl₁₁O_19-α催化剂的粒径在30 nm, 明显小于纯水制备的样品(100 nm). BET 比表面积为65 m²/g, 比纯水制备样品高出约一倍. XRD结果显示, 1200 ℃焙烧10 h即可获得含单一β-Al₂O₃相的催化剂. Ba_0.05La_0.95MnAl₁₁O_19-α催化剂甲烷催化燃烧的T₁₀为420 ℃, 比纯水制备样品下降了90 ℃. 甲烷催化燃烧活性提高是由于含有较多Mnⁿ⁺纳米结构六铝酸盐的形成.     

溶胶-凝胶制备技术与新型催化材料Ⅳ.用新的化学镀饰过程制备钯金属复合膜

提出钯金属复合膜制备的一种新化学镀饰过程，由衬底活化和金属自催化沉积两个主要步骤构成，一般的化学镀饰过程用Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）／Ｓｎ（Ⅱ）溶液的氧化还原反应活化目标衬底；新的化学镀饰是应用溶胶－凝胶技术活化目标衬底，从而明显地简化了镀饰过程，用新的化学镀饰过程制得的钯金属复合膜避免了Ｓｎ杂质；在温度３１４￣４５０℃和膜两侧的压力差０．０２￣０．１０ＭＰａ的实验条件下，对氢的选择性（氢氮分离系数）为２０￣１３     

MoO3 / Al2O3、MoO3 / TiO2与NiO-MoO3 / TiO2催化剂上活性相还原行为的XPS考察

The H_2 reduction behaviours of MoO_3/Al_2O_3, MoO_3/TiO_2 and NiO-MoO_3/TiO_2 samples prepared by impregnation method were studied at various temperatures for different times by XPS technique. The recored XPS spectra of Mo3d from those samples were treated by computer curve fittingprogram to measure the distribution of various molybdenum oxide species with different valence states. The results of computer fitting shows that there areMo(Ⅵ), Mo(Ⅴ)and Mo(Ⅳ) on the all of reduced samples. However, after H_2 reductonin same way, the percentage of low valence species Mo(V) and Mo(IV) on the MoO_3/TiO_2 is much higher than on the MoO_3/Al_2O3 (Fig.2). For example, after H_2 treatment at 500 ℃ for 2 hrs., Mo(IV) species on the surface of MoO_3/TiO_2 sample is about 60% and it is three times higher than what is found on the MoO_3/Al_2O_3 sample. In addition, the reduction of molybdena on TiO_2 support is much easier and faster than on Al_2O_3 support (Fig.3). Addition of NiO further promotes the reduction of molybdena to cause the strting reduction temperature producing Mo(IV) and Mo(V) to be decreased about 100 ℃. and 80% of molyb dena on NiO-MoO_3/TiO_2 support could be reduced to Mo(IV) (Fig.2). A detail discussion about the interaction between molybdena and carries was presented. It was suggested that TiO_2 is certainly involved in the reduction and oxidation process of molybdenum oxide species on the surface of it.     

X 射线光电子能谱谱图解迭软件

本文介绍了一个X射线光电子能谱谱图的解迭软件。该软件是为美国PHI公司X射线光电子能谱仪配置的,可以直接对能谱仪获取的实验谱图进行解迭,而且可以较容易地移植到其他系列的XPS能谱仪上。该软件是按最小二乘法的原理来进行拟合的,采用了高斯分布和劳伦兹分布的复合曲线作为拟合函数。它在PHI-550 ESCA/SAM电子能谱仪上处理各种XPS谱具有运算低、使用方便的优点,结果表明该软件可以成功地应用于XPS谱图的解析。