创新型企业的空间集聚及影响因素分析

以福建省创新型企业为例,研究分析创新型企业的空间格局特征,以及创新型企业建设与地区经济发展之间的关系.根据区位基尼系数探讨创新型企业的集聚特征.利用Moran指数与Moran散点图,分析创新型企业数量分布的全局空间自相关性与局部空间自相关性.研究表明:创新型企业的建设成效与地区经济发展水平之间呈高度正相关关系;创新型企业的建设在地区内部辐射作用强,对邻近地区正溢出效应弱,甚至产生负溢出效应.     

纳米晶氧化镍的制备及表征

Nano-NiO powder was prepared by thermal decomposition of the precursor of NiC₂O₄·2H₂O obtained via Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and H₂C₂O₄·2H₂O reacting in ethanol solvent. IR and TGA-DTA indicate physisorption and chem- isorption ethanol co-exist in the precursor. XRD suggests the obtained cubic NiO is stable below 700 ℃. TEM shows the as-calcined NiO at 400 ℃ for 2 hours was of narrow distribution, weak agglomeration and small particle size (average 8 nm). The reason for weak agglomeration was explained.     

Charging and absorption characteristics of small particulates under alternative and electrostatic voltages in an electrostatic precipitator

The charge quantity of small particulates such as PM2.5 plays a key role in the collection efficiency of an electrostatic precipitator（ESP）. Under a single electrostatic voltage, it is difficult to charge and absorb small particulates. A new method of superimposing an alternative voltage on the electrostatic voltage is provided in this paper. Characteristics of small particulates are analyzed under alternative and electrostatic voltages. It is demonstrated that an alternative voltage can significantly improve the collection efficiency in three aspects： preventing anti-corona, increasing the charge quantity of small particulates, and increasing the median particulate size by electric agglomeration. In addition, practical usage with the superposition of alternative voltage is provided, and the results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis.     

Bi2O3 Nanoparticle Clusters: Reversible Agglomeration Revealed by Imaging and Nano‐Impact Experiments

Colloidal suspensions of Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles were studied in aqueous solution using imaging and electrochemical techniques. Nanoparticle tracking analysis revealed the particles to be agglomerated. In contrast, electrochemical detection via the nano‐impacts technique showed almost exclusive detection of monomeric nanoparticles. Comparison of the two techniques allows the conclusion to be drawn that the agglomeration/deagglomeration of the nanoparticles is reversible. A minimum rate constant for the deagglomeration process was estimated.     

Numerical study of surface agglomeration of ultraviolet-polymeric ink and its control during 3D nano-inkjet printing process

There is a pressing need in very small scale three-dimensional (3D) inkjet printing to control and reduce agglomeration, as agglomeration often leads to nozzle clogging. While agglomeration within ultraviolet ink has been studied, there has been, to our knowledge, no extensive studies conducted for surface agglomeration of the ink on nozzle's wall. This numerical study therefore focuses on investigating if surfactants can effectively control surface agglomeration during nanodroplet formation. Many-body dissipative particle dynamics is the numerical method of choice here. We found that small amount of surfactant of about 1 wt % is sufficient to effectively reduce ink deposition on the nozzle's wall. However, by using the properties of a commercially available surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate, it was found that the maximum reduction achieved by its addition is only 60%. Thus, further physical or chemical deagglomeration techniques are required, and we show that by considering these other techniques, reduction of surface agglomeration to nearly 92% can be achieved. Finally, we found that adding surfactants has the additional benefit of improving total kinetic energy of the ink compositions, lowering possibility of agglomerations within the ink. It also raises the nanodroplet velocity while reducing nanodroplet breakup time, which can help speed up the process of 3D printing process. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018 , 56, 1615–1624     

新型气流声源发声特性及其对气溶胶的团聚 实验研究*

为提高气溶胶颗粒物的声波团聚效果,创新性地设计了一种具有气声分离特性的气流声源。新声源使乏气从侧面开口排出,避免了对团聚效果的影响。通过实验研究了侧面开口尺寸对号角出口处气流量与声压级的影响,发现侧面开口尺寸对乏气排出及声压级有较大影响,当侧面开口尺寸约为6.5 mm时排气效果较好,此时在0.3 MPa驱动压力下声压级可达159.6 dB,同时乏气已基本全部从侧面开口排出。利用该声源对超细液滴气溶胶进行团聚实验,结果显示,声源驱动压力越大,声压级越大,气溶胶受声场作用力越强,颗粒间碰撞几率增大,团聚速率越快;初始气溶胶浓度越高,前期团聚效果越好,透光率增长速度越大,而后期团聚效果则趋近一致。     

烧结程度对CaO固硫反应转化率及动力学参数的影响

The conversion and kinetic parameters of desulfurizors of CaO of different particle agglomeration degree are investigated with themogravimetric method (TG). The results showed that the CaO particle agglomeration degree increases when CaO calcined temperature or time increases. The dusulfurizors that have higher particle agglomeration degree have low conversion in the desulfurization reaction. The kinetic behavior of desulfurization can be explained by a grain model. The activity energies of suface reaction (Ea) and of product layer diffusion (Ep) were determined by using the grain model. The overall rates of desulfurization are controlled initially by surface chemical reaction, and then shift to product layer diffusion control. The activity energy of surface reaction (Ea) enhances when the CaO particle agglomeration degree increases.     

HL-1M装置的杂质线辐射特性

给出了HL－1M装置放电实验中杂质线辐射的测量结果。氢分子束注入, 子体电子密度n。明显提高,而杂质浓度大大降低。对应于分子束注入脉冲,分子束的“团族”效应引起了杂质辐射峰化时间的错位。     

氯硅烷残液水解制备二氧化硅团聚的机理研究

多晶硅生成工艺中的副产物氯硅烷残液,具有腐蚀性强、产量大等特点.采用多晶硅副产物氯硅烷残液为原料进行水解反应生成二氧化硅.研究了以不同水解方式在不同水解体系中引入位阻剂及该位阻剂的时效性对二氧化硅团聚的影响以及机理研究.结果表明:气-液反应的水解方式产出的二氧化硅呈现颗粒状具有颗粒特性;水解体系中引入位阻剂后产物二氧化硅分散性好,颗粒均匀、粒径大小在2 μm左右;并且证实了位阻剂的位阻作用具有时效性.     

尿素溶液法合成纳米AlN粉体

以尿素为固体氮源,甲醇为溶剂,AlCl3·6H2O为铝源,采用尿素溶液法制备了纳米AlN粉体.采用FT-IR对前驱盐进行了结构分析,并通过XRD和SEM分别对最终煅烧产物进行了结构和形貌的表征.重点研究了尿素/金属摩尔比R值和煅烧温度对合成产物的晶体结构和形貌的影响.结果发现: AlN的纯度随R值的增加而增大,R值大于6可以获得单一AlN相,R值小于6获得AlN和Al2O3的混合相;此外,R值也直接影响到AlN纳米粉体和团聚颗粒的形貌,所制备AlN纳米粉体的粒径和团聚的球状颗粒的粒径随R值的增加出现细化的趋势.