盐浓度与海藻酸钠/磷虾蛋白复合体系性能的相关性

采用湿法纺丝技术制备了海藻酸钠/磷虾蛋白(SA/AKP)复合纤维, 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析了SA/AKP复合体系的氢键相互作用, 用X射线衍射仪、 流变仪及SEM研究了盐(NaCl)浓度对复合体系的结晶、 流动性和形态结构的影响. 结果表明, SA/AKP复合体系中存在分子内和分子间氢键, 分子间氢键的强度随复合材料中盐浓度的增加而增强. 盐浓度的增加导致SA/AKP复合材料的结晶度增加, 流动黏度先降低后增加, 力学性能先增加后降低. SA/AKP纤维的SEM照片显示结晶的盐与纤维分离, 并且复合纤维表面沟槽结构逐渐减少, 表面更加致密光滑. AKP在SA/AKP复合体系中呈完全取向状态.     

粉末样品颗粒大小对花椒挥发油近红外光谱定量预测的影响研究

为了快速有效评定花椒质量等级,应用近红外光谱分析技术,采用偏最小二乘法,对141份花椒样品粉碎成八种不同颗粒大小的粉末,对近红外光谱分别建立挥发油含量预测模型,当粉末样品颗粒大小为40目时,建立的模型最优,交叉验证测定系数r2141为0.9364,交叉验证误差均方根RMSECV141为0.421。使用105份40目粉末样品近红外光谱所建立的模型对36份样品的预测集进行预测,光谱预处理采用Meancentering vector normalization,谱区在6100.1~5774.2cm-1及4601.6~4424.2cm-1,则预测测定系数r326为0.9862,预测集验证误差均方根RMSEP36为0.192,预测相对标准差RSD36为4.95%,预测相对分析误差RPD36为8.517。研究结果表明,对花椒进行近红外光谱扫描前,粉碎到40目时所建立的近红外光谱模型最佳,使用近红外光谱技术快速有效检测花椒挥发油含量是可行的。     

Superconductivity and Fermi Surface Anisotropy in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide NbTe_2

Transition metal dichalcogenides, featuring layered structures, have aroused enormous interest as a platform for novel physical phenomena and a wide range of potential applications. Among them, special interest has been placed upon WTe_2 and MoTe_2, which exhibit non-trivial topology both in single layer and bulk as well as pressure induced or enhanced superconductivity. We study another distorted IT material NbTe_2 through systematic electrical transport measurements. Intrinsic superconductivity with onset transition temperature(T_c~(onset)) up to 0.72 K is detected where the upper critical field(H_c) shows unconventional quasi-linear behavior,indicating spin-orbit coupling induced p-wave paring. Furthermore, a general model is proposed to fit the angledependent magnetoresistance, which reveals the Fermi surface anisotropy of NbTe_2. Finally, non-saturating linear magnetoresistance up to 50 T is observed and attributed to the quantum limit transport.     

Advanced high-pressure transport measurement system integrated with low temperature and magnetic field

We briefly introduce a new high-pressure transport measurement system integrated with low temperature and magnetic field that is being established as one of the user experimental stations of the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facilities in the Huairou District of Beijing, China. To demonstrate the capabilities of the system for condensed matter research,the emergence of some pressure-induced phenomena and physics related to superconductivity found previously is also introduced, and then a perspective for such an advanced high-pressure system is presented.     

三元添加剂水溶液体系中金属银粒子的形貌控制合成

Single-crystal silver hollow disks and nanorods were prepared by controlled synthesis in a mixed aqueous solution of ternary additives (poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), methacrylic acid (MAA) and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS)). The Products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM). SEM studies suggest that the well-separated silver microdisks with diameter of 2～3 μm and thicknesses of about 200 nm were obtained. The corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SEAD) reveals the single-crystal nature of these hollow silver disks.     

乙二胺杂化锗酸锌纳米带的绿色合成及其对铀酰离子的吸附与检测

该文采用水热法合成了一种新型乙二胺杂化的锗酸锌纳米带(NH₂-Zn₂GeO₄ NRs),并用于铀酰离子(UO₂²⁺)的检测和吸附。利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)以及荧光光谱等对纳米带的结构及其光学特性进行了表征。结果表明NH₂-Zn₂GeO₄ NRs表面含有大量的—Ge—O—H和—NH₂基团,为UO₂²⁺的检测和吸附提供了丰富的结合位点。此外NH₂-Zn₂GeO₄ NRs可高效、高选择性地吸附和检测UO₂²⁺,其对UO₂²⁺的吸附符合Langmuir等温模型,最大吸附量为190 mg...     

飞行时间质谱仪数据采集系统设计

针对飞行时间质谱仪高分辨率、宽质量范围的特点,设计了一种高精度、大量程的数据采集系统。系统对前端信号进行放大、幅度甄别和电平转换,使用专用时间间隔测量芯片TDC-GPX测量脉冲时间间隔,应用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)进行时序控制,通过通用串行总线(USB 2.0)接口与计算机连接,采用时分复用技术实现上位机对采集系统的控制及高速数据传输。测试结果表明,单通道测量精度小于100 ps,测量范围大于500μs,可进行8个通道测量。     

空间非均匀啁啾双色场驱动下氦离子的高次谐波以及孤立阿秒脉冲的产生

本文理论上研究了初态为基态与第一激发态等权叠加的一维氦离子在空间非均匀啁啾双色场驱动下氦离子的高次谐波发射及孤立阿秒脉冲的产生. 研究表明, 一维氦离子在空间非均匀啁啾双色场驱动下发射的高次谐波相对于均匀场情况截止位置得到明显扩展, 得到了光滑的超连续谱,并应用半经典三步模型解释了高次谐波发射的物理机理. 通过小波变换的方法对连续谱进行了时频分析, 并且与电子的经典运动轨迹进行了对比分析, 结果显示在空间非均匀场中长量子轨道消失, 短量子轨道加强. 讨论了空间非均匀啁啾双色场中时间延迟对谐波和孤立阿秒脉冲产生的影响, 发现适当调整时间延迟值可以得到较大延展的光滑的超连续谐波谱, 本方案中时间延迟为t₀=1.6πup/ω₁时得到了最大延展, 通过对谐波中600次到680次(80次)谐波合成得到32 as的孤立脉冲.     

High-order harmonic generation of CO_2 with different vibrational modes in an intense laser field

We apply the strong-field Lewenstein model to demonstrate the high-order harmonic generation of CO_2 with three vibrational modes(balance vibration,bending vibration,and stretching vibration) driven by an intense laser field.The results show that the intensity of harmonic spectra is sensitive to molecular vibrational modes,and the high harmonic efficiency with stretching vibrational mode is the strongest.The underlying physical mechanism of the harmonic emission can be well explained by the corresponding ionization yield and the time-frequency analysis.Finally,we demonstrate the attosecond pulse generation with different vibrational modes and an isolated attosecond pulse with a duration of about 112 as is generated.     

Double ionization of helium interacting with elliptically polarized laser pulse by classical ensemble simulations

This paper uses the classical ensemble method to study the double ionization of a 2-dimensional (2D) model helium atom interacting with an elliptically polarized laser pulse. The classical ensemble calculation demonstrates that the ratio of double to single ionization decreases with the increasing ellipticity of the driving field. The classical scenario shows that there are hardly any e--e recollisions with the circularly polarized laser pulse. The double ionization probability is studied for linearly and circularly polarized laser pulses. The classical numerical results are consistent with the semiclassical rescattering mechanism and in agreement with the experimental results and the quantum calculations qualitatively.