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121.
靛蓝胭脂红-高碘酸钾-草酸钠催化光度法测定钢中微量钒 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
研究了在1 mol/L磷酸介质中,钒(V)对KIO4氧化靛蓝胭脂红褪色反应的催化作用及草酸钠的活化作用,建立了一种测定钒的方法。无草酸钠时该体系为准零级反应,表观活化能为76.7 kJ/mol,在22℃时钒量在0~5mg/L范围内与?A呈线性,检出限为0.1 mg/L。在草酸钠存在下则为准一级反应,表观活化能为60.1 kJ/mol,钒量在0~mg/L范围内与1g(A0/A)呈线性,检出限为0.02mg/L。提高介质酸度,可显著降低反应温度。在NaF及尿素存在下,大多数常见离子无干扰。本法简便快速,选择性和灵敏度较高,用于钢中微量钒的直接测定,结果满意。 相似文献
122.
应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定了中、低合金钢中痕量铝,并对质谱仪的工作条件作了优化.用微波加热消解技术对样品进行前处理,用混合比例为3比1比1的浓硝酸、浓盐酸及浓氢氟酸的混合酸作为溶解酸.对微波炉的操作程序及参数作出详细叙述.此方法的检出限为ω(Al)1.9×10-6%,对浓度水平为ω(Al)1.4×10-4%的试样进行精密度试验,其结果的标准偏差值均小于6.0%. 相似文献
123.
We study the routing of a single vehicle that delivers multiple products under stochastic demand. Specifically, we investigate two practical variations of this problem: (i) The case in which each product type is stored in its dedicated compartment in the vehicle, and (ii) the case in which all products are stored together in the vehicle’s single compartment. Suitable dynamic programming algorithms are proposed to determine the minimum expected (routing) cost for each case. Furthermore, the optimal routing policy is derived by developing appropriate theorems. The efficiency of the algorithms is studied by solving large problem sets. 相似文献
124.
Laser induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS) combined with laser induced fluorescence spectrometry (LIFS) has been applied for detection of trace-level phosphorus in steel. The plasma induced by irradiation of Nd:YAG laser pulse for ablation was illuminated by the 3rd harmonic of Ti:Sapphire laser tuned to one of the resonant lines for phosphorus in the wavelength region of 253–256 nm. An excitation line for phosphorus was selected to give the highest signal-to-noise ratio. Fluorescence signals, P213.62 and P214.91 nm, were observed with high selectivity at the contents as low as several tens µg g− 1. Fluorescence intensities were in a good linear correlation with the contents. Fluorescence intensity ratio of a collisionally assisted line (213.62 nm) to a direct transition line (214.91 nm) was discussed in terms of the analytical conditions and experimental results were compared with a calculation based on rate equations. Since the fluorescence signal light in the wavelength range longer than 200 nm can be transmitted relatively easily, even through fiber optics of moderate length, LIBS/LIFS would be a versatile technique in on-site applications for the monitoring of phosphorus contents in steel. 相似文献
125.
多车场有时间窗的多车型车辆调度及其禁忌算法研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
本文针对物流配送中的多车场车辆调度问题提出了两种多车场的处理方法,介绍了多车场车辆调度问题中容量、时间窗、多车型等多种约束的处理方法,并且根据具体约束情况设计了禁忌算法,对多车场有时间窗的多车型车辆调度问题加以实现,给出了一个具有代表性的算例试验结果和结果分析,通过试验表明了此方法对优化有时间窗的多车型车辆调度问题的有效性. 相似文献
126.
车辆路径问题的改进遗传算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出一种基于遗传算法的求解车辆路径问题的新算法,避免传统遗传算法处理不可行约束条件中惩罚项系数选取不当所出现的问题.同时,通过现实例子分析该算法的优劣性,实验结果表明该算法是一种有效的算法. 相似文献
127.
128.
Ultrafine grain formation and coating mechanism arising from a blast coating process: A transmission electron microscopy analysis 下载免费PDF全文
Conor F. Dunne Kevin Roche Arne Janssen Xiangli Zhong M.G. Burke Barry Twomey Kenneth T. Stanton 《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2017,49(12):1271-1278
This article examines the substrate/coating interface of a coating deposited onto mild steel and stainless steel substrates using an ambient temperature blast coating technique known as CoBlast. The process uses a coincident stream of an abrasive blast medium and coating medium particles to modify the substrate surface. The hypothesis for the high bond strength is that the abrasive medium roughens the surface while simultaneously disrupting the passivating oxide layer of the substrate, thereby exposing the reactive metal that then reacts with the coating medium. The aim of this study is to provide greater insight into the coating/substrate bonding mechanism by analysing the interface between a hydroxyapatite coating on both mild and stainless steel substrates. The coating adhesion was measured via a tensile test, and bond strengths of approximately 45 MPa were measured. The substrate/coating interface was examined using transmission electron microscopy and selected area diffraction. The analysis of the substrate/coating interface revealed the presence of ultrafine grains in both the coating and substrate at interface associated with deformation at the interface caused by particle impaction during deposition. The chemical reactivity resulting from the creation of these ultrafine grains is proposed to explain the high adhesive strength of CoBlast coatings. 相似文献
129.
钢框架中组合楼盖的面内变形 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了研究影响钢-混凝土组合框架中组合楼盖隔板性能的因素,以楼板厚度、框架侧移刚度以及结构平面刚度布置为参数对钢框架中的组合楼盖进行了弹性有限元分析.分析结果表明,除长宽比外,组合楼盖的隔板性能还与其面内刚度以及支撑体系的特性有关.根据分析结果提出了组合楼盖隔板性能的评价方法, 并与试验结果进行了验证.该方法可以为工程实践中评价组合楼盖的隔板性能作参考. 相似文献
130.
羟基硅酸盐润滑油添加剂对45#钢/球墨铸铁摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11
采用MM-200型摩塔磨损试验机考察了45^#钢/球墨铸铁摩擦副在650SN基础油和含羟基硅酸盐矿物复合微粉的650SN基础油(KF-1)润滑下的摩擦磨损性能,结果表明:在650SN基础油润滑下的摩擦系数和磨损率随试验时间增加变化较小;而在KF-1润滑下,试验初期的摩擦系数和磨损率比基础油润滑下的稍大,随着试验时间的延长,相应的摩擦系数和磨损率同基础油润滑下的相比明显降低.磨损表面显微硬度测试结果表明,在KF-1润滑下45^#钢磨损表面形成了多孔摩擦改性层,硬度明显提高,因而摩擦磨损性能显著改善. 相似文献