52 m/9 Gb/s PAM4 plastic optical fiber-underwater wireless laser transmission convergence with a laser beam reducer

A 52 m/9 Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation(PAM4) plastic optical fiber(POF)-underwater wireless laser transmission(UWLT) convergence with a laser beam reducer is proposed. A 52 m/9 Gb/s PAM4 POFUWLT convergence is practically demonstrated with the application of a laser beam reducer to reduce the collimated beam diameter. A 50 m graded-index(GI)-POF is employed as an underwater extender to efficiently enhance the coverage of UWLT. The performances of PAM4 POF-UWLT convergence in view of bit error rate(BER) and eye diagrams improve with the decrease of the collimated beam diameter because of the small amount of light absorbed by clear ocean water. Competent BER and eye diagrams(three independent eye diagrams) are achieved over a 50 m GI-POF transmission with a 2 m clear ocean water link.     

3,5-二硝基水杨酸铕/聚合物的合成及光致发光性能

合成了3,5-二硝基水杨酸铕配合物(EuDNS)及其聚合物材料,通过元素分析和红外光谱等测试技术推测了配合物的结构,考察了配合物的用量和聚合物基质对聚合物材料荧光性能的影响。 结果表明,配合物EuDNS可能存在的螯合杂环结构使其有较宽的紫外吸收,且与其荧光激发波长能较好的吻合,能发射很强的稀土Eu3+离子特征红光;当EuDNS质量分数为0.25%时,EuDNS/PMMA（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）聚合物材料仍有很强的荧光强度;3种不同聚合物基质中,最强发射峰强度顺序为:P(MMA-co-St)＞PMMA＞P(MMA-co-AA),丙烯酸（AA）共聚单体会强烈猝灭材料发光;EuDNS对MMA/St自由基共聚有阻聚和缓聚作用,随苯乙烯（St）的比例提高,阻聚作用增大,且材料透明性降低;与EuDNS配合物相比,EuDNS/PMMA聚合物材料形成后表观荧光寿命延长了467.5 μs。     

基于CSA-SQP的预测控制器参数整定研究

针对预测控制器参数整定困难, 提出了一种基于克隆选择和序列二次规划的预测控制器参数整定算法, 建立了一个基于免疫原理和序列二次规划算法进行控制器参数整定的机制, 并给出了参数整定问题中的抗原、抗体及亲和力的定义. 在此基础上, 针对系统的不确定性干扰, 构造了基于事件触发的参数调整框架. 最后, 将算法应用于仿真实验, 通过与设定值控制结果的对比, 证明所提出的预测控制器参数整定方法是有效的.     

大气压氩气介质阻挡放电特性的一维粒子仿真

介质阻挡放电(DBD)是产生低温等离子体的一种常见放电方式。本文建立了大气压下氩气DBD的一维PIC/MCC模型,采用了粒子自适应权重(APM)以及基于OpenMPI的并行计算策略,考虑了带电粒子在介质板上的积累以及复合反应。本文针对频率500 kHz,幅值电压3 kV正弦电压激励下放电的时空演化特性进行仿真研究,得到了其汤森放电、辉光放电等阶段中的放电特征,研究了电压幅值、气隙间距、介质板介电常数等参数对放电特性的影响。     

Novel method for simultaneous measurement of film thickness and mass fraction of urea–water solution

Quantitative knowledge of the film thickness and mass fraction of the urea-water solution is very crucial in many practical applications. Film thickness or mass fraction can only be determined individually by conventional measurement techniques. We develop a novel measurement method to measure the film thickness and mass fraction of ure~water solution simultaneously. The absorption coefficients of urea-water solution （5 50 wt%） are measured, a pair of optimized wavelengths is then chosen to achieve high measurement sensitivity. Cross validation is also performed and uncertainties of the technique are smaller than 0.68% for thickness measurements and 1.86% for mass fractions.     

Deep-ultraviolet surface plasmon resonance of Al and Al_(core)/Al_2O_(3shell) nanosphere dimers for surface-enhanced spectroscopy

The localized surface plasmon resonance properties of Al and Alcore/Al2O3 shell nanosphere dimers with Al and Al core nanosphere radii of 20 nm and Al2O3 shell of 2 nm in the deep-ultraviolet region have been studied using the finite difference time domain method. The extinction spectra and the electric field distribution profiles of the two dimers for various gap distances between two individual nanospheres are compared with those of the corresponding monomers to reveal the extent of plasmon coupling. It is found that with the interparticle distance decreasing, a strong plasmon coupling between two Al or Alcore/Al2O3 shell nanospheres is observed accompanied by a significant red shift in the extinction spectra at the parallel polarization direction of the incident light related to the dimer axis, while for the case of the perpendicular polarization direction, a weak plasmon coupling arises characterized by a slight blue shift in the extinction spectra. The electric field distribution profiles show that benefiting from the dielectric Al2O3 shell, the gap distance of Alcore/Al2O3 shell nanosphere dimers can be tailored to < 1 nm scale and results in a very high electric field enhancement. The estimated surface-enhanced Raman scattering enhancement factors suggests that the Alcore/Al2O3 shell nanosphere dimers with the gap of < 1 nm gave rise to an enhancement as high as 8.1 × 107 for interparticle gap = 0.5 nm. Our studies reveal that the Alcore/Al2O3 shell nanosphere dimers may be promising substrates for surface-enhanced spectroscopy in the deep-ultraviolet region.     

以R134a为工质的分离式热管换热性能分析

以核电站乏燃料水池散热及太阳能热利用等为应用背景,实验分析了R134a作为工质的分离式热管在不同热源温度和不同充液率条件下的换热特性。在热源温度从40℃以5℃间隔递增到65℃的条件下,共进行了6组不同的充液率实验,分别为43.7%,51.7%,60.1%,68.5%,75.2%,82.9%。实验结果表明,系统充液率达到68.5%以后,换热量和换热系数随着充液率的增加波动小,存在最佳充液率区间,并且管内蒸发温度和换热量随着热源温度的升高而升高。与氨工质关于蒸发段换热系数和换热量两方面进行数据分析对比,结果表明随着充液率的增加,两种工质在管内换热系数和换热量上存在较大差异。     

基于链状SemSn(2≤m+n≤4)小分子的硒硫碳复合正极材料的制备及其电化学性能

将Se固溶复合到链状小硫分子S_2~4中,利用超微孔碳(UMC)的空间限域效应,在UMC中成功构建了链状Se_mS_n(2≤m+n≤4)小分子,并用作锂硫(Li-S)电池正极材料。与链状S_2~4小分子相比,改性后的Se_mS_n(2≤m+n≤4)小分子电导率更高,锂化能更低,放电锂化过程更容易。所制得的UMC/Se_mS_n(2≤m+n≤4)复合正极材料的放电过程为一步固相转化反应,从而有效抑制了活性物质的穿梭流失。与UMC/S_2~4复合正极材料相比,UMC/Se_mS_n(2≤m+n≤4)复合正极材料的电荷传递阻抗更小,放电比容量更高。因此,UMC/Se_mS_n-40(2≤m+n≤4,w_SeS2∶w_UMC=4∶6)复合正极材料在0.1C时循环100次后,比容量依然保持有844 mAh·g^-1;在0.5C下长时间循环500次时,每次循环容量损失仅约为0.07%,表现出优异的循环稳定性。     

一种尼龙老化评价的新方法

作为一种广泛使用的工程塑料,尼龙的老化备受关注。当作为电力系统芯片的封装材料时,尼龙在自然环境下的老化有可能会导致封装失效,从而影响芯片使用的可靠性,严重时甚至导致芯片的失效,给电力行业带来巨大损失。常规的自然老化和人工加速老化评价周期非常漫长,不同因素对尼龙老化的影响机理十分复杂,且这种影响难以研究,使得评价尼龙的老化稳定性成为一大难题。采用自主开发的原位老化评价系统,对尼龙6（PA6）和尼龙66（PA66）的老化稳定性及湿度对老化的影响进行了研究。该系统可以实现光照/温度/湿度/氧气等环境因素的加载,通过高灵敏度地测定材料在综合环境因素作用下产生的气相降解产物来评价材料的老化稳定性,评价时间缩短到几小时。实验表明,PA6和PA66的气相降解产物以H₂O和CO₂为主,由于H₂O在气相中的浓度不稳定,因此以CO₂的产生量作为老化评价指标。通过对不同自然老化时间PA6和PA66的原位老化评价,并与其ATR-FTIR红外光谱图进行对照,证明了原位老化评价方法能够较好地反映尼龙的老化程度,自然老化时间越长,PA6和PA66的稳定性越低,CO₂的产生量越大。进一步,采用该方法研究了湿度对PA6和PA66老化反应的影响,证明增大湿度对尼龙老化存在促进作用,而且升高温度会进一步促进湿度对老化的促进作用。研究表明,原位老化评价方法是一种快速评价尼龙老化稳定性及环境因素影响的有力手段。     

非静水压下HMX炸药晶体的高压相变

HMX是一种性能优良的高能炸药,在武器工业中广泛使用。目前,HMX在高压下特别是非静水压下的相变规律仍存在争议。为此,采用不同的传压介质,开展了非静水压下HMX晶体的高压拉曼实验研究。结果表明,HMX晶体分别在4.9、13.9和17.5 GPa发生了结构相变。在13.9 GPa下,HMX开始发生相Ⅱ→相Ⅲ的相变,并在一定的压力范围内两相共存;当压力为17.5 GPa时,出现另一个新相(相Ⅳ),在17.5～23.6 GPa的压力范围内出现相Ⅱ、相Ⅲ和相Ⅳ三相共存现象。HMX晶体在非静水压下的相变路径与准静水压下的相变路径完全不同,非静水压环境下的压力梯度是造成该差异的原因。