鱼子酱中的合成色素反相高效液相色谱法同时测定

建立了反相高效液相色谱法同时测定鱼子酱中的柠檬黄、日落黄、偶氮玉红、苋菜红、胭脂红、赤藓红、红色2G和诱惑红8种合成色素的方法.样品中的合成色素经甲醇-4 mol/L尿素溶液(体积比1 ∶ 1)提取,固相萃取聚酰胺柱净化后,采用XDB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm×5 μm),以甲醇-乙腈(体积比1 ∶ 1)和0.01 mol/L乙酸钠溶液为流动相,在最佳梯度洗脱条件下,8种合成色素在17 min内实现分离.各色素在0.05 ～50 mg/L质量浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系.将该法用于实际样品的检测,8种合成色素的加标回收率为89% ～110%,相对标准偏差为1.4% ～4.7%.方法简单、高效,可用于鱼子酱中合成色素的日常监督检测.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中合成色素

提出了液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中8种合成色素柠檬黄、苋菜红、胭脂红、日落黄、诱惑红、亮蓝、赤藓红和偶氮玉红的含量。固体(半固体)样品经乙醇-氨水-水(70+1+29)溶液溶解,所得滤液烘干后用水溶解,经Waters Atlantis dC18色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm,5μm)分离,用甲醇和10 mmol.L-1乙酸铵溶液以不同体积比混合进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子模式串联质谱检测。8种合成色素的质量浓度均在50μg.L-1以内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)在0.003～0.020 mg.kg-1之间。方法应用于食品样品中8种合成色素的测定,回收率在83.0%～112.0%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于5%。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定复杂食品基质中8种合成色素的含量北大核心CSCD

采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定复杂食品基质中的柠檬黄、日落黄、苋菜红、胭脂红、诱惑红、酸性红、赤藓红、亮蓝等8种合成色素的含量。样品经乙醇-乙腈-甲醇-氨水(3+3+3+1)混合液超声提取3次后,提取液采用ProElut PWA-2固相萃取柱净化,净化液在Agilent Eclipse XDB-C_(18)色谱柱上分离,以乙腈-0.02mol·L^(-1)乙酸铵溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用二极管阵列检测器,检测波长为254nm。8种合成色素的峰面积与其质量浓度在1.0~50.0mg·L^(-1)内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)在0.25~0.80μg·kg^(-1)之间。加标回收率为84.6%~99.0%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.4%~2.5%之间。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定复杂食品基质中8种合成色素的含量

采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定复杂食品基质中的柠檬黄、日落黄、苋菜红、胭脂红、诱惑红、酸性红、赤藓红、亮蓝等8种合成色素的含量。样品经乙醇-乙腈-甲醇-氨水(3+3+3+1)混合液超声提取3次后,提取液采用ProElut PWA-2固相萃取柱净化,净化液在Agilent Eclipse XDB-C_(18)色谱柱上分离,以乙腈-0.02mol·L~(-1)乙酸铵溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用二极管阵列检测器,检测波长为254nm。8种合成色素的峰面积与其质量浓度在1.0~50.0mg·L~(-1)内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)在0.25~0.80μg·kg~(-1)之间。加标回收率为84.6%~99.0%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.4%~2.5%之间。     

蟹制品中合成色素的多组分同时测定方法研究

建立了高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器多组分同时测定蟹肉棒和蟹糊等蟹制品中柠檬黄、日落黄、苋菜红、赤藓红、偶氮玉红、胭脂红、诱惑红和红色2G等8种合成色素的方法。样品中的合成色素以甲醇-4 mol/L尿素(1+1,V/V)溶液作提取剂进行提取,提取液经聚酰胺柱净化后,在XDB-C18色谱柱上,由0.01 mol/L乙酸钠和甲醇-乙腈(1+1,V/V)组成流动相梯度洗脱下实现了8种合成色素的分离,并在各色素最大吸收波长下进行了定量检测和紫外光谱确证。应用于实际样品的检测,加标浓度分别为5 mg/kg和15 mg/kg时,回收率分别在82.5%~102.8%之间,相对标准偏差在1.0%~6.6%范围内,方法可用于蟹制品中合成色素的检测。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定粮食中矮壮素和缩节胺残留量

粮食样品用甲醇-水(1+1)溶液超声提取,所得提取液通过Strata-X-C固相萃取小柱净化,用甲醇-0.2mol.L-1乙酸铵溶液(1+1)的混合液洗脱,将洗脱液旋转蒸发至近干,用乙腈-水(2+3)溶液溶解并定容至1 mL供测定。采用Aglient ZORBAX RX-SIL色谱柱(3.0 mm×100mm,1.8μm)分离,以乙腈和0.01mol.L-1乙酸铵溶液(含0.1%甲酸)按体积比20比80混合作为流动相,在0.3mL.min-1流量条件下进行洗脱。质谱测定中采用正离子电离方式,多反应监测扫描模式。矮壮素和缩节胺的质量浓度在0.2～10μg.L-1范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)分别为0.02,0.05μg.kg-1。用标准加入法做回收试验,测得回收率在80.1%～104.7%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)为2.5%～9.3%。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鸡饲料中硝基咪唑类药物

提出了鸡饲料中5种硝基咪唑类药物(甲硝唑、洛硝哒唑、二甲硝唑、替硝唑和奥硝唑)的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。鸡饲料样品经乙酸乙酯-5g.L-1碳酸钠混合溶液提取后,取有机相蒸发至干。用0.1mol·L-1磷酸溶液溶解残余物,HLB柱固相萃取净化,所得的乙腈洗脱液经C8色谱柱为分离柱,甲醇和水混合溶液为流动相作梯度淋洗,采用正离子模式多反应监测。5种硝基咪唑类药物的线性范围均为10～500μg.L-1,检出限(3S/N)均为10μg.kg-1。加标回收率为79.4%～91.3%,批内相对标准偏差(n=6)为5.5%～13.9%,批间相对标准偏差(n=6)为6.7%～18.2%。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定中药和保健食品中13种禁用壮阳类药物含量

固样(2.000 0g)加水10.0mL使其超声分散(液样取2.00mL,加水8.0mL),加甲醇稀释至50.0mL。取上清液2.00mL,用0.1 mol·L-1盐酸溶液稀释至10.0 mL。所得溶液经Cleanert PCX混合型阳离子固相萃取柱净化、氨水-甲醇(5+95)混合液洗脱。洗出液进行色谱分离,用ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱作固定相,并以不同体积比的乙腈和0.01 mol·L-1乙酸铵溶液(pH 3.5)的混合液为流动相进行梯度淋洗。质谱分析中,采用电喷雾正离子源和多反应监测模式检测。13种壮阳类化合物的质量浓度在1.0~1 000μg·L-1范围内呈线性,方法的检出限(3S/N)在3.0~40μg·kg-1之间。加标回收率为80.1%~111%,相对标准偏差(n=6)小于8%。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定乳制品中7种防腐剂

采用高效液相色谱法同时测定乳制品中7种防腐剂富马酸二甲酯、纳他霉素、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯和对羟基苯甲酸甲酯异丁酯的含量。样品用甲醇提取,以Symmetry C18色谱柱(4.6mm×25mm,5μm)为固定相,甲醇-0.02mol.L-1乙酸铵(60+40)混合溶液为流动相,用二极管矩阵检测器测定。7种防腐剂在20min内可达到基线分离。7种防腐剂的质量浓度均在1.0～40.0mg.L-1范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.2～0.5mg.kg-1之间。方法用于乳制品分析,加标回收率在87.5%～104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.5%～8.8%之间。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定高能发射药中5种组分

提出了反相高效液相色谱法测定高能发射药中5种组分硝化甘油(NG)、黑索今(RDX)、硝基胍(NQ)、Ⅱ号中定剂(C2)和邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DOP)的含量。试样溶解后进行色谱分离,采用Agilent色谱柱(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(60+40)混合溶液(用于分离NG、RDX、NQ和C2)和甲醇-水(95+5)混合溶液(用于分离DOP),在波长220nm处进行测定。NG的质量浓度在0.42～4.08g.L-1,RDX在1.41～5.04g.L-1,NQ在1.11～3.74g.L-1,C2在0.07～0.90g.L-1,DOP在0.08～0.37g.L-1时分别与其峰面积呈线性关系。5种化合物的加标回收率在99.3%～101.9%之间;相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.19%～3.1%之间。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.