催化K2S2O8氧化靛红固体基质室温磷光法测定痕量Se(V)

基于痕量Se4+催化K₂S₂O₈氧化靛红（Isa）的灵敏反应而导致体系的磷光剧烈猝灭的学术思想,建立了一种高灵敏（检出限（LD）为0.015 pg/mL）催化固体基质室温磷光法(SS RTP)测定痕量Se（IV)的新方法。方法的线性范围为4.00×10–8~4.00×10–6 μg/mL。工作曲线的回归方程为△I_P=2.948+63.24C_Se(IV)(pg/mL),n = 7。相关系数( r )为 0.9997。方法已成功用于水样中痕量Se（IV）的测定,结果与紫外分光光度法相吻合,并探讨了测定痕量Se（IV）的反应机理。     

高效溶剂萃取－固相萃取/气相色谱－质谱法测定大气颗粒物中多环芳烃和有机磷阻燃剂

建立了高效溶剂萃取（HPSE）－固相萃取（SPE）/气相色谱－质谱（GC－MS）测定大气颗粒物中16种多环芳烃（PAHs）和15种有机磷阻燃剂（OPFRs）的方法。以正己烷－二氯甲烷（1∶1,体积比）溶液为萃取溶剂,萃取液旋转蒸发浓缩后经Florisil固相萃取柱净化,PAHs和OPFRs的洗脱溶剂分别为10 mL正己烷－二氯甲烷（1∶1）和10 mL乙酸乙酯,洗脱液浓缩定容后进行GC－MS测定。16种PAHs和15种OPFRs的线性范围为0.001 ~ 2.0 μg/mL,相关系数（r2）均大于0.99;检出限（LOD,S/N = 3）分别为0.10 ~ 10.00 μg/L和2.59 ~ 75.00 μg/L,定量下限（LOQ,S/N = 10）分别为0.33 ~ 33.33 μg/L和8.63 ~ 250.00 μg/L;平均回收率分别为73.0% ~ 98.0%和69.3% ~ 111%,相对标准偏差（RSD）分别为3.7% ~ 13%和2.5% ~ 17%。该方法适用于大气颗粒物样品中多环芳烃和有机磷阻燃剂的测定。     

配合物[Pd(L)(trp)]Cl·5H_2O(L=phen，5-NO_2phen)的合成、抗癌活性及其DNA作用研究

合成了两个混合配体配合物[Pd(phen)(trp)]Cl·5H_2O （1） 和 [Pd(5- NO_2phen)(trp)]Cl·5H_2O （2）（其中phen = 1,10-phenanthroline,5- NO_2phen = 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline,trp = L-tryptophan）。配合物对肺 腺癌细胞AGZY-83a均具有一定的杀伤活性,IC_(50)值分别为158.5 μg/mL和大于 293.0 μg/mL。荧光法测定配合物与鱼精DNA的结合常数（K）分别为6.36 * 10~6 和3.64 * 10~6。荧光光谱、紫外可见光谱和粘度法证实配合物主要以插入方式与 DNA结合。     

超高效液相色谱法同时测定盆炎净中3种活性成分

建立了超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)同时检测中成药盆炎净胶囊、片剂、颗粒剂和咀嚼剂不同剂型中原儿茶酸、芍药苷和大车前苷3种有效成分的分析方法。采用Aglient Eclipse Phus C18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 nm),流动相为乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱,10 min内可完成这3种有效成分的同时分离检测。原儿茶酸线性回归方程为:Y=19.187X+12.196(r=0.9998),线性范围0.34～34.00μg/mL;芍药苷线性回归方程为:Y=29.946X+9.044(r=0.9997),线性范围0.57～57.14μg/mL;大车前苷线性回归方程为:Y=31.633X+0.2233(r=0.9998),线性范围0.49～48.81μg/ml。原儿茶酸、芍药苷和大车前苷的平均回收率分别为103.40%、98.81%和93.70%。该方法快速高效,可以用于中成药盆炎净的质量控制。     

顶空气相色谱法测定盐酸托莫西汀中有机溶剂残留量的研究

建立了盐酸托莫西汀中有机溶剂残留量的顶空气相色谱分析方法.选用大口径HP-快速GC残留溶剂柱为分离柱,FID为检测器,外标法进行定量,并对顶空平衡温度、平衡时间、供试品溶液的制备方法对残留有机溶剂测定的影响进行了研究.甲醇、乙醚、正己烷、乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃的线性范围分别为 0.41～8.10 μg/mL(r=0.9999)、0.15～3.00 μg/mL(r=0.9995)、0.20～4.01 μg/mL(r=0.9991)、0.32～6.35 μg/mL(r=0.9999)、0.36～7.11 μg/mL(r=0.9999);平均回收率范围96.30%～105.47%,精密度RSD(n=6)2.1%～3.7%;检出限分别为0.2、0.008、0.003、0.04、0.04 μg/mL.     

等度反相高压液相色谱法同时测定艾叶中四种黄酮化合物的含量

建立艾叶中槲皮素、山萘酚、木犀草素、芹菜素含量测定方法。反相高效液相色谱法,色谱柱ZORBAX SB-C18(150×4.6 mm,5μm);检测波长360 nm;V(甲醇)∶V(0.2%H3PO4)=45∶55为流动相;柱温30℃;流速1.0 mL/min。槲皮素、山萘酚、木犀草素、芹菜素理论板数分别为槲皮素:大于5000山萘酚:大于6000木犀草素:大于6000芹菜素:大于7000;4种化合物的分离度均大于1.5。槲皮素、山萘酚、木犀草素、芹菜素回归曲线分别为:Y=1504.412X 9.9756,Y=1991.745X 8.6051,Y=567.591X 2.5397,Y=1811.803X 0.3074,在5.5216×10-2~19.3256×10-2μg/mL、4.608×10-2~16.128×10-2μg/mL、12.5504×10-2~43.9264×10-2μg/mL、6.0288×10-2~21.1008×10-2μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r为0.99992~0.99998,加样回收率分别为102.0%、100.2%、100.1%、100.4%,RSD分别为2.97%、2.61%、2.66%、3.45%。样品分别含槲皮素、山萘酚、木犀草素、芹菜素0.754、0.841、1.629、0.79 mg/g。本法为艾叶提供了分析4种黄酮化合物方法,该法简便可行,重复性好,数据及结果可靠。     

配合物[Pd(L)(trp)]Cl·5H_2O(L=phen，5-NO_2phen)的合成、抗癌活性及其DNA作用研究

合成了两个混合配体配合物[Pd(phen)(trp)]Cl·5H_2O （1） 和 [Pd(5- NO_2phen)(trp)]Cl·5H_2O （2）（其中phen = 1，10-phenanthroline，5- NO_2phen = 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline，trp = L-tryptophan）。配合物对肺 腺癌细胞AGZY-83a均具有一定的杀伤活性，IC_(50)值分别为158.5 μg/mL和大于 293.0 μg/mL。荧光法测定配合物与鱼精DNA的结合常数（K）分别为6.36 * 10~6 和3.64 * 10~6。荧光光谱、紫外可见光谱和粘度法证实配合物主要以插入方式与 DNA结合。     

催化动力学荧光分析法测定痕量锰

在邻苯二甲酸氢钾-NaOH介质中,Mn（Ⅱ）催化H2O2氧化偶氮若丹宁类新荧光试剂3-（4′-硝基苯基）-5-（2′-胂酸基偶氮）若丹宁（4NRAAP）和3-（4′-甲氧基苯基）-5-（2′-胂酸基偶氮）若丹宁（4MORAAP）,其产物呈现新的强荧光峰,从而建立了若丹宁类试剂催化荧光法测定痕量Mn（Ⅱ）的新方法。其线性范围分别为0-0.012μg/mL,0~0.010μg/mL,检出限分别为9.0×10^-11g/mL,2.0×10^-11g/mL,是目前测定锰最灵敏的方法之一。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定鱼油食品中的脂肪酸DHA,EPA

采用毛细管气相色谱法测定鱼油中DHA和EPA的含量,色谱柱为DB–WAX型毛细管柱(30 m×0.530mm,1.00μm),柱温采用程序升温,载气为氮气,流速15 mL/min,FID检测器,温度为300℃,进样口温度260℃,分流比为10∶1,进样量为1μL。DHA及EPA的质量浓度(X)分别在0.25~20.0,0.125~10.0 mg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积(Y)呈良好的线性关系,线性方程分别为Y=905417X+6060.6,Y=887335X+4463.6,线性相关系数r均为0.9999,平均回收率分别为97.8%,96.1%,相对标准偏差小于3%(n=6)。该方法简便、重现性好,可用于鱼油中DHA和EPA含量测定。     

高效毛细管电泳电导法快速检测复方维生素B片中的VB1、VB12、VB6和VC

采用高效毛细管电泳电导法同时分离、测定了复方维生素B片中的主要成分VB1, VB12,VB6和VC的含量.研究了运行缓冲溶液的酸度和浓度、电泳电压、进样时间等因素对电泳的影响.在优化的实验条件下40 mmol/L Tris -4 mmol/L H3BO3 (pH 8.0) 的缓冲溶液中加入0.30 mmol/L CTAB(溴化十六烷基三甲基铵),分离电压为15 kV,上述4组分在5 min内得到良好的分离.维生素B1,B12,B6和VC的线性范围分别为5.5～1.0 mg/mL; 15～1.5 mg/mL; 1.0～0.40 mg/mL和6.6～0.80 mg/mL; 检测限分别为0.80 μg/mL, 4.0 μg/mL, 0.50 μg/mL, 2.9 μg/mL; 5次测定峰高的相对标准偏差分别为2.2%, 1.6%, 3.9%, 2.8%.5次测定的平均回收率分别为99%, 94%, 100%, 97%.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...