高效液相色谱/蒸发光散射法测定多黏菌素类原料药中主成分含量

建立了高效液相色谱/蒸发光散射法测定多黏菌素B和多黏菌素E原料药中主成分含量的分析方法。采用Phenomenex Kinetex Biphenyl色谱柱(50 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,5μm)分离,甲醇和20 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液(含0.6%甲酸)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.5 mL/min;蒸发光散射检测器参数为:漂移管温度55℃,气体压力20 psi,增益250。结果表明,多黏菌素B和多黏菌素E在10～200μg/mL质量浓度范围内线性良好,检出限分别为0.8μg/mL和1.2μg/mL,定量下限分别为2.6μg/mL和4.0μg/mL。批内回收率分别为100%～104%和101%～103%,批内相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为0.90%～2.4%和0.90%～2.6%,批间回收率分别为101%～103%和101%～102%,批间RSD分别为1.1%～1.9%和1.3%～1.7%。与微生物检定法相比,该方法简便,能够更准确地反映原料药中目标分析物含量,精密度更高,可用于多黏菌素B和多黏菌素E两种原料药的质量控制。     

反相高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定安宫牛黄胶囊中的胆酸

应用反相高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法对安宫牛黄胶囊中的胆酸含量进行了测定。色谱柱用JASCO C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,5 μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%(体积分数)醋酸水溶液(体积比为9∶1),流速1.0 mL/min,柱温为室温;蒸发光散射检测器漂移管温度40 ℃,载气（N2)流速4.0 L/min。在上述条件下测得胆酸的进样量为0.50-5.02 μg时线性关系良好(r=0.999?3),最低检测限达到0.05 μg,平均加样回收率为97.1%。该方法快速简捷,精密度高,重现     

龙加通络胶囊多成分的定性及定量研究

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术(HPLC-MS/MS)对龙加通络胶囊多种成分进行定性分析,并建立了其中6种主要药效成分的高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测/蒸发光散射检测联用(HPLC-DAD/ELSD)定量分析方法。定性分析方法采用Kromasil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱进行分离,以乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。定性分析结果根据质谱信息对其中18种化合物进行了成分归属,其中7种为文献未报道的化合物。定量分析方法采用相同的色谱柱和流动相在不同的梯度程序下进行梯度洗脱。DAD采用双波长同时检测:紫丁香苷(254 nm)、异嗪皮啶(350 nm)和绿原酸(350 nm);ELSD检测薯蓣皂苷、原薯蓣皂苷和伪原薯蓣皂苷3种甾体皂苷成分,检测条件为漂移管温度:100℃,气体流速:1.8 L/min,雾化器温度:40℃。定量分析结果显示,6种成分在各自的检测范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)为0.999 6~0.999 9;6种成分的平均加标回收率为99.9%~100.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.90%~1.4%。精密度、重复性以及24 h稳定性考察中,6种成分的RSD均小于2%。该方法准确可靠、重复性好,可用于龙加通络胶囊多成分的质量控制。     

亲水色谱-蒸发光散射检测器定量分析白坚木皮醇含量

建立白坚木皮醇(Quebrachitol)含量的亲水作用色谱-蒸发光散射检测器(ZICHILIC-ELSD)测定方法。Merck ZIC-HILIC色谱柱(150×4.6mm,5μm);以乙腈-水(体积比为70∶30)为流动相,等度洗脱,流速为1.0mL/min;蒸发光散射检测器,蒸发温度为65℃,雾化温度为50℃,高纯氮压力9.9 MPa。结果表明,白坚木皮醇浓度与其色谱峰面积积分值呈很好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9997。检测限为0.08mg/mL;相对标准偏差为0.48%;加标回收率为100.3%。该方法快速、简便、准确,适合从复杂体系中快速检测白坚木皮醇的含量。     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定玉屏风胶囊中黄芪甲苷的含量

建立高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定玉屏风胶囊中黄芪甲苷的含量.采用Phenomenex C18(4. 6mm×250 mm i. d. ,5μm)色谱柱,柱温为35℃,以乙腈-水(35∶65)为流动相,以蒸发光散射检测器进行检测.以峰面积的常用对数(Y)对进样量的常用对数(X)进行线性回归,回归方程为Y=1. 6709 X+14. 2699(r=0. 9998),线性范围为1～19μg.加标回收率为86. 7%～96. 2%,测定结果的RSD为0. 22%(n=7).方法准确、可靠、重复性好,可有效控制玉屏风胶囊的质量.     

HPLC法测定党参中烟酸和党参炔苷的含量

建立HPLC法同时测定党参中烟酸及党参炔苷含量的方法。采用Syncronis AQ色谱柱(250 mm×4.6mm,5μm),以乙腈(A)–0.2%磷酸水溶液(B)作流动相进行梯度洗脱,流量为1 mL/min,紫外检测波长为285 nm,柱温为30℃,烟酸和党参炔苷可在24 min内实现与其它成分良好分离。烟酸的质量浓度在9.6~57.6μg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.999 2),检出限为0.94μg/mL,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.5%(n=6),平均加标回收率为99.5%;党参炔苷的质量浓度在9.92~59.52μg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.999 6),检出限为0.12μg/mL,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.9%(n=6),平均加标回收率为101.1%。该方法操作简便、快速、准确,具有良好的重复性,可作为党参中烟酸、党参炔苷测定的有效方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定桔梗中皂苷类物质

采用高效液相色谱法测定桔梗中10种主要的皂苷类物质,桔梗样品经甲醇(60+40)溶液超声振荡提取后,过Waters Spe-Pak-C18固相萃取柱富集浓缩,以10mL·min-1的流速,用甲醇(60+40)溶液将皂苷类物质从固相萃取柱上洗脱下来.以ZORBAX Stable Bound C18(4.6 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)为快速分离柱,水和乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,用蒸发光散射检测器检测.峰面积与10种皂苷类物质的质量浓度呈线性关系,方法检出限(3S/N)在0.3～0.8 mg·L-1之间.采用标准加入法做回收率试验,回收率在84%～106%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)小于5%.     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法在烟用香精料液中水溶性糖及山梨醇分析中的应用

建立了高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射(HPLC-ELSD)同时检测烟用香精料液中6种水溶性糖及山梨醇的分析方法。方法选用Isolute ENV+固相萃取(SPE)小柱净化样品提取液,以Prevail Carbohydrate ES高效糖柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)作为分析柱,以乙腈和水(75:25, v/v)作为流动相,在1.0 mL/min流速下实现目标物的良好分离;蒸发光散射检测器漂移管温度为79 ℃,载气流速为2.0 L/min。方法针对各目标物建立双对数工作曲线,线性范围约为0.06～1.2 g/L,检出限为12～26 mg/L,样品加标回收率为88%～109%。针对蒸发光散射检测器的双对数工作曲线,通过实验进行分析对比,并结合前人的工作,指出目标物的物理化学性质及其在色谱柱上的保留状态和流动相的洗脱能力等都是影响检测信号的因素。     

眼用硅油重均相对分子质量及其寡聚硅氧烷含量分析

采用凝胶渗透色谱与多角度激光光散射联用仪测定眼用硅油的重均相对分子质量,用气相色谱–质谱联用仪对其低聚物(寡聚硅氧烷类物质)进行定性定量分析。以八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)、十甲基环五硅氧烷(D5)作为寡聚硅氧烷代表进行检测研究。硅油的重均相对分子质量(M_w)为31 KD,相对分子质量分布系数M_w/M_n为2.9。D4,D5的质量浓度分别在1～50μg/mL,2～60μg/mL范围内与其色谱峰面积呈良好的线性,线性相关系数(r2)分别为0.999,0.998,检出限分别为0.10,0.23μg/mL,D4,D5的加标回收率分别为90.7%～96.7%,87.3%～94.1%。重均相对分子质量及D4,D5测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于5%(n=6)。该方法干扰少,准确度高,可用于眼用硅油质量控制。     

高效液相色谱法测定阿达帕林含量

建立了高效液相色谱法测定阿达帕林的含量。以Kromasil C_(18)(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为色谱柱,检测波长为234 nm,以甲醇–四氢呋喃–三氟乙酸–水(450∶25∶0.4∶24.6)为流动相,流量为1.0 mL/min,进样体积为10μL。阿达帕林的质量浓度在2.51～200.8μg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 9,方法检出限为0.120 8μg/mL。样品加标回收率为99.04%～100.20%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.12%～0.24%(n=6)。该方法简便,测定结果准确、可靠,耐用性较强,适用于阿达帕林含量的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.