几种天然植物提取物对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用

选择合适的溶剂体系,用维生素C(Vc)作为阳性对照物,采用分光光度法测定了不同浓度的茶多酚、丹皮酚及金银花叶子总黄酮提取物(乙酸乙酯相)对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用.结果表明:采用1%丙三醇和1%吐温-80(体积比1∶1)混合液作溶剂可显著增加丹皮酚和金银花叶子总黄酮提取物在水中的溶解度;茶多酚、丹皮酚、金银花叶子总黄酮提取物对酪氨酸酶的活性都有一定的抑制作用,其抑制作用从强到弱依次为Vc、Vc∶丹皮酚=1∶2(质量比)、Vc∶丹皮酚=1∶1(质量比)、茶多酚、茶多酚∶丹皮酚=2∶1(质量比)、丹皮酚、金银花叶子总黄酮提取物.     

酯类前药阿魏酸丹皮酚酯的合成

以阿魏酸和丹皮酚为起始原料，先将阿魏酸的羟基用乙酰基保护得乙酰阿魏酸（1）； 1与丹皮酚经酯化反应制得乙酰阿魏酸丹皮酚酯（2）； 2在水合肼催化下水解脱去保护基合成了酯类前药阿魏酸丹皮酚酯，总收率36.0%，其结构经过¹H NMR， ¹³C NMR和MS（ESI）确证。     

牡丹皮中有效成分丹皮酚的毛细管电泳快速检测新方法

采用毛细管电泳高频电导法对丹皮酚进行了快速分离检测。对电泳介质的种类及浓度、操作电压和进样时间等影响因素进行了优化。最佳条件为：分离介质1．0mmol／LH3BO3-3．0mmol／L三乙胺-10％CH，OH（pH=8．0），分离电压20．0kV，25．0cm位差虹吸进样8．0s。在该条件下。可在4min内实现对丹皮酚的分离检测。线性范围为2．0～105μg／mL，检出限为0．3μg／mL。成功测定了中药牡丹皮中的丹皮酚，回收率达94％～99％。方法简便、快速、灵敏，可用于药物分析。     

新型丹皮酚肟酯的高效合成

以丹皮酚为原料,与乙酸在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)和SOCl₂作用下反应制得乙酰丹皮酚酯（1）; 1中酮羰基与盐酸羟胺反应生成相应的丹皮酚肟（2）;在DMAc和CH₂Cl₂体系中,取代羧酸(3a～3l)与SOCl₂反应生成酰氯后随即与2反应合成了系列新型丹皮酚肟酯(4a～4l),产率80.9%～95.5%,其结构经¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、IR和MS表征。以苯甲酰丹皮酚肟酯（4a）的合成为例,对反应条件进了优化。最优反应条件为：以DMAc(2 mL)为催化剂,酰氯化反应时间为20 min,酯化反应时间为3 h,产率95.1%。并对DMAc促进丹皮酚肟酯合成反应的可能机理进行了探讨。     

丹皮酚在石墨烯修饰电极上的电化学行为及应用研究

利用电化学还原法制备了还原氧化石墨烯修饰电极(rGO/GCE)。采用循环伏安法研究了丹皮酚在rGO/GCE上的电化学行为。结果表明,rGO/GCE对丹皮酚有较好的电催化活性。考察了缓冲溶液pH值、扫描圈数、富集时间、扫速等对丹皮酚电化学响应的影响,建立了检测丹皮酚的标准曲线。丹皮酚峰电流与丹皮酚浓度在4.0×10~(-6)～8.0×10~(-5) mol·L~(-1)范围内有良好线性关系:I_(pa)=0.49 c(μmol·L~(-1))+8.46(R~(2 )=0.9786),检出限为1.0×10~(-6) mol·L~(-1)。将此方法应用于丹皮酚软膏样品中丹皮酚含量的测定,回收率为90.0%～108.6%。     

丹皮酚类化合物及其生物活性研究进展

丹皮酚,即2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯乙酮,为一种天然酚类化合物,分离于毛莨科植物牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa)的根皮和萝藦科植物徐长卿(Cynanchum paniculatum)的全株。由于丹皮酚特有的酚酮结构骨架,现代生物科学研究表明其具有广泛的生物活性。本文概述了丹皮酚的提取与合成及其生物活性,重点介绍了丹皮酚类衍生物及其生物活性。丹皮酚农用生物活性广谱,可作为开发新农药的先导结构。将丹皮酚研发成高效低风险小分子绿色农药符合社会发展需求,此方面研究值得重点关注。这对促进我国的新农药创制、农作物病虫害防治及提升现代农业的高科技含量均有积极的科学和实际意义。     

丹皮酚酯的高效合成

以N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为促进剂,CH₂Cl₂为溶剂,取代羧酸与SOCl₂于0 ℃反应20 min后,再与丹皮酚于25 ℃反应3 h,合成了一系列丹皮酚酯(2a～2l),产率83.7%～95.6%,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和MS（EI）确证。以苯甲酰丹皮酚酯（2a）的合成为例,考察了促进剂类型、促进剂用量、酰氯化时间和酯化时间对产率的影响。在最优反应条件(DMAc 2 mL,酰氯化反应时间为20 min,酯化反应时间为3 h)下, 2a产率94.0%。并提出了DMAc促进丹皮酚酯合成反应的可能机理。     

基于色谱–光谱联用和斜投影法分析丹皮酚含量

将色谱–光谱仪联用(HPLC–UV)法与斜投影法结合,建立了丹皮酚含量快速分析方法。通过色谱–光谱联用采集丹皮酚结晶母液的紫外多波长光谱三维数据,构建不含丹皮酚的背景数据库以及丹皮酚光谱数据库,基于斜投影法步骤测定了批量样本中丹皮酚含量。结果表明:该方法计算结果和高效液相色谱分析结果接近,相对误差小于5.0%。测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.4%~1.0%(n=5),回收率为98.8%~101.3%。该方法快速、准确,操作简单,可为丹皮酚结晶产品及各种制剂质量控制提供可行方案。     

丹皮酚腙类化合物的合成及其抗菌活性

根据拼接原理将活性基团腙引入中药活性成分丹皮酚中对其结构进行修饰,以丹皮酚为原料,与80%水合肼在乙醇中反应得到中间体丹皮酚腙(2),然后与芳香醛反应合成了10个芳甲叉基丹皮酚腙(3a-3j),其结构经IR、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和ESI-MS表征。采用二倍稀释法测定目标化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),结果表明:大部分化合物金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌表现出较好的抑菌活性,特别是化合物3i对金黄色葡萄球菌的的MIC为2μg·mL~(-1),优于阳性对照药环丙沙星。     

去甲丹皮酚衍生物的合成及其抗炎活性

去甲丹皮酚或丹皮酚分别与非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)阿司匹林、布洛芬和双氯芬酸偶联,合成了5个新的去甲丹皮酚衍生物(3a～3c,4b)和丹皮酚衍生物(5b),其结构经1H NMR,IR和HR-MS表征.二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀试验结果表明,3和5均有较强的抗炎活性,与阴性对照对CMC-Na相比,表现出显著性差异(P＜0.01).     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.