涂层阳极电氧化合成环氧环己烷

用廉价的涂层电极作为阳极，在Ｈ２Ｏ－ＮａＢｒ－ＭｅＣＮ（ＭｅＣＮ：Ｈ２Ｏ＝１：４）介质中，电流密度控制在０．４Ａ／ｄｍ＾２左右，由环己烯电化学氧化合成环氧环己烷，产率８２．６％。     

环己烯催化氧化产物的气相色谱-红外光谱联用分析

环己烯的催化双氧水氧化产物经气相色谱－红外光谱联用分析为２－环己烯－１－醇、２－环己烯－１－酮及２,３－环氧－１－环己酮３种产物。其中２,３－环氧－１－环己酮是首次检测到的产物,推测为２－环己烯－１－酮的深度氧化产物。     

8-羟基喹啉对V2O5催化氧化环己烯的调变作用

研究了8-羟基喹啉对丙酮中V2O5催化氧化环己烯合成环己烯酮的调变作用,考察了8-羟基喹啉的用量、反应温度、反应时间、溶剂和催化剂用量对环己烯氧化反应的影响,发现在该催化体系中生成的环己烯醇和环氧环己烷可转化成环己烯酮,在适当的反应条件下可抑制环己烯醇和环氧环己烷的生成.结果表明,当五氧化二钒的用量为1%,五氧化二钒与8-羟基喹啉之比为1∶2,在20℃以下反应时,过氧化氢几乎定向地将环己烯氧化成环己烯酮.认为是8-羟基喹啉与钒的配位作用促进了环己烯酮的生成.     

离子液体中Mn(salen)催化环己烯环氧化反应

 研究了离子液体中Mn(salen)络合物催化环己烯的环氧化反应,考察了反应介质、 Mn(salen)络合物催化剂结构和反应条件等对环氧化反应的影响. 在离子液体-CH2Cl2混合溶剂中,以相对廉价的H2O2为氧化剂,得到了高的环己烯转化率和环氧环己烷选择性. 当以邻苯二胺和水杨醛制备的Mn(salen)络合物为催化剂,反应温度为273 K时,在［bmim］BF4-CH2Cl2的混合溶剂中,环己烯的转化率和环氧环己烷选择性分别可达100%和94.0%. 此外,反应结束后,产物可以由正己烷萃取出来,解决了传统均相催化体系中催化剂与产物不易分离的问题.     

环氧化—6—豆甾酮的合成

以豆甾醇为原料，经Ａ／Ｂ环结构改造，所得双键化合和的用过苯甲酸氧化，可高选择性，高产率地合成出２ａ，３ａ－二乙酰基－２２Ｒ－环氧－６－豆甾酮和２ａ，３ａ－环氧－２２Ｒ，２３Ｒ－环氧－６－豆甾酮，由此二化合物可较方便地制得２ａ，３ａ，２２Ｒ，２３Ｒ－甲乙酰基－６－豆甾酮。     

聚苯乙烯负载席夫碱Mo(Ⅵ)配合物合成、表征及其在环己烯环氧化反应中的催化活性

合成了聚苯乙烯负载乙二胺缩水杨醛席夫碱与Mo(Ⅵ)的配合物,并对其结构进行了表征.该配合物催化环己烯环氧化反应与小分子配合物MoO₂(acac)₂相比,具有更优良的催化活性和选择性;建立了催化剂中Mo分析和环氧环己烷气相色谱分析新方法;探讨了配合物及环氧环己烷合成过程诸因素的影响;优化了环氧环己烷合成条件,即以n(t-BuOOH)=0.1mol计,n(C₆H₁₀)∶n(t-BuOOH)=3∶1,溶剂5mL,反应温度80℃,时间60min.在该条件下,环氧环己烷收率(以t-BuOOH计)99.2%以上,质量分数约99.5%(GC检测).催化剂循环使用5次后,未见活性明显下降,环氧环己烷收率(以t-BuOOH计)仍接近99%.     

磷酸镍纳米管的合成及其催化环己烯环氧化反应性能

 在不添加有机模板剂的情况下, 通过尿素缓慢分解调节局部 pH 值, 水热法合成了具有均一孔道直径的磷酸镍纳米管材料 (NiPO-NTs). 采用 N2 吸附-脱附、吡啶吸附红外光谱和氨程序升温脱附对材料进行了表征, 并将其用于催化 H2O2 氧化的环己烯反应中, 考察了反应条件对环氧化反应性能的影响. 结果表明, NiPO-NTs 具有狭窄的孔径分布, 比表面积为 96.6 m2/g, 其表面酸中心以弱 Lewis 酸为主. 该反应中以乙腈为溶剂较为适宜, 高温和高 H2O2/环己烯摩尔比有利于提高环己烯转化率; 而低温和高 H2O2/环己烯摩尔比有利于提高环氧环己烷选择性. 在 60 oC, H2O2/环己烯摩尔比为 3, 反应 6 h 时, 环己烯转化率可达 50.6%, 环氧环己烷选择性为 72.1%.     

环氧化－6－豆甾酮的合成

以豆甾醇为原料，经Ａ／Ｂ环结构改造，所得双键化合物用过苯甲酸氧化，可高选择性、高产率地合成出２ａ，３ａ－二乙酰基－２２Ｒ，２３Ｒ－环氧－６－豆甾酮和２ａ，３ａ－环氧－２２Ｒ，２３Ｒ－环氧－６－豆甾酮。由此二化合物可较方便地制得２ａ，３ａ，２２Ｒ，２３Ｒ－四乙酰基－６－豆甾酮。     

甲烷单加氧酶的化学模拟: 酚氧双羧酸根桥联Fe~2(III)和 Mn~2(III)配合物合 成、表征及催化性能

合成表征了酚氧、双羧基桥联双组氨酸的手性双铁核配合物和双锰核配合物,研究了它们催化亚碘酰苯对烯烃的环氧化反应和对环烷烃的羟化反应。结果表明这种Fe~2(III)和Mn~2(III)配合物均是有效的甲烷单加氧酶(MMO)模型化合物,其中Fe~2配合物能较好地再现MMO的某些性质,如电子光谱等。Fe~2配合物催化苯乙烯环氧化反应生成环氧苯乙烷的产率为840%(以催化剂计),且R-(+)-构型对映体过量(e.e.)达45.4%。相庆的Mn~2配合物则以7080%产率给出环氧苯乙烷,R-(+)-构型对映体过量51.6%。Mn~2配合物还能够催化环己烯和环己烷的氧化反应,产物及其分布分别为环氧环己烷3880、环乙烯醇603、环己烯酮189和环己醇1053、环己酮639%(以催化剂计)。EPR研究表明MM=O是反应的活性中间体。     

甲烷单加氧酶的化学模拟: 酚氧双羧酸根桥联Fe~2(III)和 Mn~2(III)配合物合 成、表征及催化性能

合成表征了酚氧、双羧基桥联双组氨酸的手性双铁核配合物和双锰核配合物,研究了它们催化亚碘酰苯对烯烃的环氧化反应和对环烷烃的羟化反应。结果表明这种Fe~2(III)和Mn~2(III)配合物均是有效的甲烷单加氧酶(MMO)模型化合物,其中Fe~2配合物能较好地再现MMO的某些性质,如电子光谱等。Fe~2配合物催化苯乙烯环氧化反应生成环氧苯乙烷的产率为840%(以催化剂计),且R-(+)-构型对映体过量(e.e.)达45.4%。相庆的Mn~2配合物则以7080%产率给出环氧苯乙烷,R-(+)-构型对映体过量51.6%。Mn~2配合物还能够催化环己烯和环己烷的氧化反应,产物及其分布分别为环氧环己烷3880、环乙烯醇603、环己烯酮189和环己醇1053、环己酮639%(以催化剂计)。EPR研究表明MM=O是反应的活性中间体。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.