萘及其衍生物荧光光谱的计算解析及同时测定

本文研究了pH12条件下, 萘、1-萘酚和2-萘酚的荧光、一阶导数荧光、同步荧光和一阶导数-同步荧光光谱。根据各谱性质, 结合多波长线性回归、双峰倍增配平和峰值系数等不同计算手段, 建立了6种新的同时测定混合物中萘、1-萘酚和2-萘酚的荧光分析方法。     

β-萘酚α位反应的研究进展

萘酚是有机合成中一种重要的合成子,其α位化学性质活泼,可参与多种化学反应,受到了化学家的广泛关注. β-萘酚的α位可以发生多种化学转化,如烷基化、芳基化、环化、胺化和卤化等,利用这些化学反应可以构建结构多样化且具有不同生物活性的萘酚衍生物.这些萘酚衍生物既可以作为天然活性药物的关键骨架,也可以用于制备化学合成中的重要中间体.基于近年来β-萘酚α位的化学反应层出不穷,主要从β-萘酚α位碳-碳键和碳-杂键(C—N,C—O, C—X, C—S, C—P)的构建来对β-萘酚α位的相关反应进行了综述.     

流动注射双安培法测定α-萘酚

在外加电压为0.2 V时,通过偶合α-萘酚在一支电极上的氧化和氧化铂在另一支电极上的还原两个不可逆电极过程,构建了双安培法直接检测α-萘酚的新方法。在pH5.33的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中,测得α-萘酚的氧化电流与其浓度在8.0×10-6~8.0×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9927,n=9),检出限为2.0×10-6mol/L。连续30次测定1.0×10-5mol/L的α-萘酚,其峰电流RSD为2.6%,常用药物赋形剂和无机离子均不干扰α-萘酚的测定。方法已用于摸拟样中α-萘酚含量的测定。     

pH值对α-萘酚、β-萘酚与β-环糊精包结常数影响的研究

利用荧光法研究了不同pH值条件下萘酚的荧光性质,并用双倒数法测定了α-萘酚、β-萘酚与β-环糊精包结物在不同pH值的包结常数.实验表明,随pH值由小到大的变化,两种萘酚的包合作用逐渐减弱,说明包合物形成过程中疏水作用和氢键起重要作用.     

高效液相色谱法测定染发剂中α-萘酚

在化妆品行业,α-萘酚作为着色剂被用于一些染发剂中。α-萘酚有致癌、致畸、致突变性等潜在危害性,也是环境污染物。人体接触后可引起烧灼感、咳嗽、头痛、眩晕、呕吐等症状,大量吸收后会引发肾炎、结膜炎、皮炎和血溶性贫血等疾病。我国规定α-萘酚在染发剂中最大浓度不应超过0.5%。因此,如何简便、准确、快速地检测α-萘酚尤为重要。已有相关文献报道了染发剂中α-萘酚的高效液相色谱-紫外检测的测定方法,但因为检测波长选择不当,导致分析方法的灵敏度     

分散液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水中α-萘酚和β-萘酚

以氯苯为萃取剂,丙酮为分散剂,采用分散液相微萃取-液相色谱联用技术对水体中的α-萘酚和β-萘酚进行分析,优化了实验条件。该方法对α-萘酚和β-萘酚的线性范围分别为1.5～50μg/L和1.0～50μg/L,检出限分别为0.9μg/L和0.5μg/L,6次重复测定的相对标准偏差分别为3.3%和1.5%。方法应用于自来水、地下水和湖水样品的分析测定,回收率在91.3%～101.0%之间。     

纳米TiO2光催化萘转化为α-萘酚

研究了共溶剂、电子受体和表面改性等因素对TiO2光催化萘直接合成α-萘酚反应的影响.纳米TiO2催化剂在紫外光照射下产生·OH,使得萘羟基化得到α-萘酚.在TiO2体系中加入Fe3+,Fe2+,Fe3++H2O2和Fe2++H2O2时,均可有效提高萘转化率和α-萘酚收率,其中以体系中加入Fe3++H2O2时,α-萘酚收...     

以分子印迹聚合物为固定相手性拆分1,1′-联-2-萘酚及其衍生物

以(R)-(+)-1,1′-联-2-萘酚为模板分子,4-乙烯基吡啶为功能单体合成了分子印迹聚合物,将其作为高效液相色谱的固定相,研究其手性识别特性。对该固定相的手性拆分的色谱条件进行了优化。实验结果表明,合成的印迹聚合物对(R)-(+)-1,1′-联-2-萘酚具有较强的亲和力和特定的选择性,能有效拆分1,1′-联-2-萘酚对映体,分离因子最高达到12.25。通过优化色谱条件,该分子印迹聚合物还能对与1,1′-联-2-萘酚结构相似的衍生物5,6,7,8,5′,6′,7′,8′-八氢-1,1′-联-2-萘酚和1,1′-联萘-2-氨基-2′-酚进行手性拆分,分离因子分别达到1.51和2.40。     

新型手性催化剂螯合手性硼酸酯的制备、性质与表征

在通过环硼酸酯法制备通用手性助剂对映纯1,1′-联-2-萘酚的过程中,我们制得了(S)-(-)-联萘酚硼酸-(S)-脯氨酸酐和(R)-(+)-联萘酚硼酸-(S)-脯氨酸酐[1].并且用单晶X射线衍射技术证明了它们是具有O3B←N构架的近似正四面体结构的螯合手性硼酸酯[2].     

金属卟啉催化萘酚过氧化氢氧化(Ⅱ)──制备2-羟基-1,4-萘醌的氧化机理研究

在低温碱性甲醇溶液中一氯化四苯基卟啉铁催化萘酚H₂O₂氧化高选择性地制取2-羟基-1,4-萘醌(HNQ),以2-萘酚和1-萘酚为底物时HNQ的最高产率分别为57%和40%(纯度>95%).根据金属卟啉催化氧化反应的特性,采用UV-Vis和EPR现场光谱监测催化剂和反应物的光谱变化,提出了羟基游离基加成反应机理.     

Substitution, cage functionalization, and oxidation of the charge-compensated triruthenium monocarbollide cluster complex [1-SMe2-2,2-(CO)2-7,11-(mu-H)2-2,7,11-{Ru2(CO)6}-closo-2,1-RuCB10H8

The compound [1-SMe2-2,2-(CO)2-7,11-(mu-H)2-2,7,11-{Ru2(CO)6}-closo-2,1-RuCB10H8] 1a reacts with PMe3 or PCy3(Cy = cyclo-C6H11) to give the structurally different species [1-SMe2-2,2-(CO)2-7,11-(mu-H)2-2,7,11-{Ru2(CO)5(PMe3)}-closo-2,1-RuCB10H8] 4 and [1-SMe2-2,2-(CO)2-11-(mu-H)-2,7,11-{Ru2(mu-H)(CO)5(PCy3)}-closo-2,1-RuCB10H8]5, respectively. A symmetrically disubstituted product [1-SMe2-2,2-(CO)2-7,11-(mu-H)2-2,7,11-{Ru2(CO)4(PMe3)2}-closo-2,1-RuCB10H8] 6 is obtained using an excess of PMe3. In contrast, the chelating diphosphines 1,1'-(PPh2)2-Fe(eta-C5H4)2 and 1,2-(PPh2)2-closo-1,2-C2B10H10 react with 1a to yield oxidative-insertion species [1-SMe2-2,2-(CO)2-11-(mu-H)-2,7,11-{Ru2(mu-H)(micro-[1',1'-(PPh2)2-Fe(eta-C5H4)2])(CO)4}-closo-2,1-RuCB10H8] 7 and [1-SMe2-2,2-(CO)2-11-(mu-H)-2,7,11-{Ru2(mu-H)(CO)4(1',2'-(PPh2)2-closo-1',2'-C2B10H10)}-closo-2,1-RuCB10H8] 8, respectively. In toluene at reflux temperatures, 1a with Bu(t)SSBu(t) gives [1-SMe2-2,2-(CO)2-7-(mu-SBu(t))-11-(mu-H)-2,7,11-{Ru2(mu-H)(mu-SBu(t))(CO)4}-closo-2,1-RuCB10H8] 9, and with Bu(t)C [triple bond] CH gives [1-SMe2-2,2-(CO)2-7-{mu:eta2-(E)-CH=C(H)Bu(t)}-11-{mu:eta2-(E)-CH=C(H)Bu(t)}-2,7,11-{Ru2(CO)5}-closo-2,1-RuCB10H8] 10. In the latter, two alkyne groups have inserted into cage B-H groups, with one of the resulting B-vinyl moieties involved in a C-H...Ru agostic bond. Oxidation of 1a with I2 or HgCl2 affords the mononuclear ruthenium complex [1-SMe2-2,2,2-(CO)3-closo-2,1-RuCB10H10] 11.     

Synthesis and acid-catalyzed transformations of solvomercuration adducts of 2-nitrobenzylcyclopropane. First stable metalated 1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2,1-benzoxazinium ions

Sovomercuration adducts of 2-nitrobenzyl-, 2-nitro-4,5-(ethylenedioxy)benzyl-, and 4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzylcyclopropanes were synthesized. The adducts reacted with sulfuric, fluorosulfonic, or chlorosulfonic acid to give 3-(2-chloromercurio)ethyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2,1-benzoxazinium ions whose stability depended on the nature of substituents in the aromatic ring. Unstable metalated 1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2,1-benzoxazinium ions underwent fast protodemercuration to form metal-free 3-ethyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2,1-benzoxazinium ions. Stable analogs in the above acids did not change to an appreciable extent over a period of 48–72 h. Hydrolysis of stable metalated 1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzoxazolium ions afforded only 4-chloromercurio-1-(2-nitroaryl)butan-2-ol.     

Heterocyclic Ions From N-Oxides of N-(4-Nitrobenzylidene)-2-cyclopropylaniline and N-(4-Nitrobenzylidene)-2-cyclopropylmethylniline: Formation, Isomerization, and Conversions

The N-oxide of N-(4-nitrobenzylidene)-2-cyclopropylaniline is converted by the action of strong acids into the corresponding 2,1-benzoxazinium derivative. Under identical conditions the N-oxide of N-(4-nitrobenzylidene)-2-cyclopropylmethylaniline forms the corresponding 2,1-benzoxazinium and 2,1-benzoxazepinium salts in a ratio of 1 : 2. The 2,1-benzoxazepinium ions are thermodynamically less stable and are isomerized with time into 2,1-benzoxazinium ions. Treatment of 2,1-benzoxazinium salts with hydrobromic acid solution and subsequent neutralization leads to o-(2-hydroxyalkyl)anilines and p-nitrobenzaldehyde. The effect of the nature of the ortho substituent on the direction of the conversions of the corresponding arylcyclopropanes is discussed.     

Synthesis, reactions and biological evaluation of some new naphtho[2,1-b]furan derivatives bearing a pyrazole nucleus

Vilsmeier formylation of 2-(1-phenylhydrazonoethyl)naphtho[2,1-b]furan (2) gave 3-naphtho[2,1-b]furan-2-yl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (3), which was reacted with C- and N-nucleophiles to afford naphthofuranpyrazol derivatives 4-8. Treatment of 2-[(3-(naphtho[2,1-b]furan-2-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene]-malononitrile (4a) with reactants having active hydrogen and Et?N gave the corresponding pyrazoline, pyran and chromene addition product derivatives 10, 12 and 13, consisting of three different connected heterocyclic moieties. Reaction of 1-((3-(naphtho[2,1-b]furan-2-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methylene)-2-phenylhydrazone (6b) with AcONa and ethyl bromoacetate or chloroacetone afforded the thiazolidinone and methylthiazole derivatives 14 and 15, respectively. In addition, intramolecular cyclization of 6d with Ac?O afford the corresponding 1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl acetamide derivative 16. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR/13C-NMR and mass spectral studies. Compound 14 showed promising effects against the tested Gram positive and negative bacteria and fungi.     

Novel heterocycles. Synthesis of 2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-2-phenyl-4H,6H-pyrano[3,2-c][2,1]benzothiazin-4-one 5,5-dioxide and related compounds

The reaction of 2-chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzoyl chloride ( 5 ) with 1-methyl-1H-2,1-benzothiazin-4-(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide ( 4 ) gave the O-benzoyl compound, 1-methyl-2,2-dioxido-1H-2,1-benzothiazin-4-yl 2-chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzoate ( 6 ), which rearranged to give the C-benzoyl isomer, [2-chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl] (4-hydroxy-1-mefhyl-2,2-dioxido-1H-2,1-benzothiazin-3-yl)methanone ( 7 ). The O-cinnamoyl compound 13 that resulted from the addition of 2,4-dichlorocinnamoyl chloride ( 11 ) to compound 4 rearranged to give the C-cinnamoyl compound, 3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-(4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2,2-dioxido-1H-2,1-benzothiazin-3yl)-2-propen-1-one ( 15 ). On the other hand, 1-methyl-2,2-dioxido-1H-2,1-benzothiazin-4-yl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate ( 19 ) (from cinnamoyl chloride ( 17 ) and compound 4 ) rearranged to give 2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-2-phenyl-4H,6H-pyrano[3,2-c][2,1]benzothiazin-4-one 5,5-dioxide ( 21 ), an example of a hitherto unknown ring system. Additional examples of this novel heterocycle were prepared from 1-methyl-7-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrido[2,3-c][1,2]thiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide ( 23 ) and 1-methyl-1H-thieno[3,2-c][1,2]thiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide ( 8 ).     

Alkylation of 2,3,6,11-tetrahydroanthra[2,1-d]isothiazole-3,6,11-trione and its S-oxide

The reactions of 2,3,6,11-tetrahydroanthra[2,1-d]isothiazole-3,6,11-trione with dimethyl sulfate, benzyl chloride, and allyl bromide afforded the corresponding 2-alkyl-2,3,6,11-tetrahydroanthra[2,1-d]isothiazole-3,6,11-triones and 3-(alkoxy)-6,11-dihydroanthra[2,1-d]isothiazole-6,11-diones. The reactions of 2,3,6,11-tetrahydroanthra[2,1-d]isothiazole-3,6,11-trione and its S-oxide with a formaldehyde—secondary amine system yielded 2-[(alkylamino)methyl]-2,3,6,11-tetrahydroanthra[2,1-d]isothiazole-3,6,11-triones and 2-[(alkylamino)methyl]-3,6,11-trioxo-2,3,6,11-tetrahydroanthra[2,1-d]isothiazole 1-oxides, respectively.     

Synthesis, molecular structure and reactivity of 5-methylidene-1,2,3,5-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b]quinazolines

Synthesis of novel 5-methylidene-1,2,3,5-tetrahydro[2,1-b]-quinazoline derivatives 2-4 with potential biological activities mediated by alpha-adrenergic and/or imidazoline receptors was performed by reacting 2-chloro-4,5-dihydroimidazole (1) with the corresponding 2-aminoacetophenones. Compound 2, which incorporates an enamine moiety, underwent a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with the appropriate nitrones 5-9 to give 1,2,3,5-tetrahydro-imidazo[2,1-b]quinazolin-5,5'-spiro-2',3'-diphenylisoxazol-idines 10-14. Reactions of the title compounds 2 and 4 with dimethyl acetylene-dicarboxylate (DMAD) afforded dimethyl 2-(2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]quinazolin-5(1H)-ylidenemethyl)but-2-enedioates 15, 16. Imidazo[2,1-b]quinazoline 2 was further treated with acetyl chloride, benzoyl chloride and mesyl chloride to give the 1-substituted derivatives 17, 18 and 19, respectively. The structures of all new compounds obtained were confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral data (IR, (1)H- and (13)C-NMR) as well asX-ray crystallographic analysis of 3 and 18.     

Synthesis of quaternary 3-(1,3-dioxo-1H-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-5,6-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazolium salts

The reaction of dihydroimidazole-2-thiol with N-(3-chloro-2-oxopropyl)phthalimide gave 2-[3-(4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-2-oxopropyl]-1,3-dioxo-1H-isoindole which underwent intramolecular heterocyclization to dihydroimidazothiazole system by the action of a dehydrating agent. Treatment of 3-(1,3-dioxo-1H-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-5,6-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole with concentrated hydrochloric acid led to the formation of dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-3-ylmethanamine. Water-soluble quaternary 3-(1,3-dioxo-1H-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-5,6-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazolium salts were obtained by alkylation of 3-(1,3-dioxo-1H-isoindol-2-ylmethyl)-5,6-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole with alkyl halides.     

A Facile Route to Indolo

Treatment of 1-(2'-bromobenzyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines 2 in the presence of K(2)CO(3) in boiling DMF efficiently provided a variety of alkoxy-substituted indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines 3. Application of this cyclization to 7-benzyloxyisoquinoline derivatives, followed by further elaboration of the resultant 2-benzyloxy-5,6-dihydroindolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines 16a,b, led to the formal synthesis of dibenzopyrrocoline alkaloids, (+/-)-cryptaustoline (1a) and (+/-)-cryptowoline (1b).     

A synthesis of pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines through the reaction of activated acetylenes and isoquinoline in the presence of ethyl bromopyruvate

Isoquinoline reacts with ethyl bromopyruvate in the presence of dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates or diaryloylacetylenes to produce dialkyl 1-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoacetyl)pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline-2,3-dicarboxylates or ethyl 2-[2,3-diaryloylpyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline-1-yl]-2-oxoacetates in good yields.