Ring-Opening Copolymerization of 2,2-Dimethyltrimethylene Carbonate and ε-Caprolactone Using Rare Earth Aryloxides Substituted by Various Alkyl Groups

A variety of single component rare earth aryloxides substituted by various alkyl groups [Ln(OAr)₃] such as methyl, isopropyl, tert‐butyl have been surveyed in the ring‐opening copolymerization of 2,2‐dimethyltrimethylene carbonate (DTC) and ε‐caprolactone (ε‐CL). It was worthwhile to note that activity of the catalyst varied with both the ligands' structure and the number of alkyl groups on phenyl ring. The stronger ability of electron‐donation of alkyl groups on phenyl ring, and the more numbers of alkyl groups on phenyl ring, the higher catalytic activity. The experimental results show that lanthanum tris(2,4,6‐tri‐tert‐butylphenolate) [La(OTTBP)₃] exhibits highest activity in all lanthanum aryloxides. ¹H NMR spectral data of copolymer obtained showed that the polymerization mechanism is in agreement with the coordination insertion mechanism.     

Ring-opening polymerization of 2,2-dimethyltrimethylene carbonate using rare earth aryl oxides substituted by alkyl groups

Single component rare earth aryl oxides substituted by various alkyl groups [Ln(OAr)3] such as methyl,isopropyl,and tertbutyl have been developed to initiate the ring-opening polymerization of 2,2-dimethyltrimethylene carbonate(DTC).The catalytic activity of rare earth aryl oxides,characteristics of the ring-opening polymerization as well as the polymerization kinetics and mechanism were intensively examined.The experimental results turn out that the catalytic activity of Ln(OAr)3 changes in good concordanc...     

芳氧基稀土化合物引发开环聚合的活性

综述了近十年来芳氧基稀土化合物在引发内酯、丙交酯和环碳酸酯开环聚合的研究进展,在整理聚合条件、聚合产物收率和分子量、聚合反应动力学和机理的基础上,比较了苯环上不同位置不同取代基的芳氧基配体对开环聚合反应活性的影响,得到以下结论:(1) 三(2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯氧基)稀土化合物[Ln(26B4M)3]的活性最高,无取代基芳氧基稀土化合物(La(P)3)没有活性;(2)邻位叔丁基能提高活性,一个叔丁基与两个甲基效果相近;(3)甲基影响作用相对叔丁基较小,甲基越多活性越大.     

肌酐乳酸胍催化L-丙交酯活性开环聚合反应研究

合成了一种新型有机胍化合物即肌酐乳酸胍(CGLA),并将其应用于L-丙交酯(LLA)的开环聚合反应.聚合反应动力学研究表明,CGLA引发的LLA开环聚合反应具有典型活性聚合反应特征,ln[M]0/[M]t-t、Mn-Conversion关系均呈准直线关系.同核去偶1H-NMR法对产物立构规整度的表征证明所合成PLLA具有较高等规度(76%).聚合反应的添加剂效应研究证明了大分子活性物种的非自由基及非离子性本质.以1H-NMR法对聚合反应的跟踪和增长大分子物种结构的表征证明了增长大分子活性端为肌酐胍-烷氧结构(CG-OR),在实验研究的基础上推断CGLA引发的丙交酯开环聚合反应遵循配位插入增长机理.     

杯[4]芳烃钛-Al(iBu)_3催化乙烯聚合

众所周知 ,茂金属催化剂用于烯烃聚合 ,不仅具有高的催化活性 ,而且能制得高规整度聚合物 ,在理论研究和工业应用中都有十分重要的意义 ,国际上已形成对茂金属催化剂的研究热潮 .人们在致力于研究茂金属催化剂的同时 ,并没有停止对非茂金属均相催化剂的研究 ,其中酚氧基钛、锆配合物的优良催化性能尤为引人注目 ,这类新型均相催化剂能高效地催化烯烃均聚[1 ] ,苯乙烯间规聚合[2 ] ,乙烯 苯乙烯共聚等[3] .杯芳烃是由若干个对叔丁基苯酚通过亚甲基经 2 ,6位连接而成的一类环状大分子 ,其结构与酚氧类配体相似 .李勇等曾发现杯芳烃钛化合物与…     

A STUDY OF POLYBUTADIENE SYNTHESIS WITH MoCl_n(OR)_(4-n)-(i-Bu)_2AlOPh AS A CATALYST

The catalytic effect of Mo Cl_n (OR)_(4_n)-(i-Bu)_2AlOPh on the polymerization of butadiene inhydrogenated gasoline is studied (R is alkyl, cycloheptyl, phenyl of C_(4_16)). In this system, the solu-bility and the catalytic activity of the catalyst do not depend on whether the number of carbon atomsin R group is odd or even. The R group with the primary and secondary carbon atom has a fairlygreat influence on the catalytic activity. When R is an alkyl, the catalytic activity increases and therange of Al/Mo values that keeps higher conversion of butadiene is broadened as the size of the Rgroup increases. The content of 1,2-units in the polymer hardly varies with the size of the R group.     

Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation in a Weak Ligand Field: Leveraging Open‐Shell First‐Row Transition‐Metal Catalysts

Unique features of earth‐abundant transition‐metal catalysts are reviewed in the context of catalytic carbon–carbon bond‐forming reactions. Aryl‐substituted bis(imino)pyridine iron and cobalt dihalide compounds, when activated with alkyl aluminum reagents, form highly active catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene. Open‐shell iron and cobalt alkyl complexes have been synthesized that serve as single‐component olefin polymerization catalysts. Reduced bis(imino)pyridine iron and cobalt dinitrogen compounds have also been discovered that promote the unique [2+2] cycloaddition of unactivated terminal alkenes. Studies of the electronic structure support open‐shell intermediates, a deviation from traditional strong‐field organometallic compounds that promote catalytic C−C bond formation.     

RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION OF ε-CAPROLACTONE USING LANTHANIDE TRIS（N-PHENYL-3,5-DI-T-BUTYLSALICYLALDIMINATO）S AS SINGLE COMPONENT CATALYST

Ring-opening polymerization ofε-caprolactone has been carried out by using rare earth Schiff base complexes: lanthanide tris(N-pheny1-3,5-di-t-butylsalicylaldiminato)s[Ln(OPBS)_3]as single component catalyst for the first time.The influences of different rare earth elements,monomer and catalyst concentration as well as reaction time on the polymerization were investigated.Mechanism studies showed that monomer inserts into the active site with the acyl-oxygen bond scission rather than the break of alkyl-oxygen bond.     

Homopolymerization and copolymerization kinetics of trimethylene carbonate bearing a methoxyethoxy side group

The polymerization kinetics of 5‐[2‐{2‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)ethyoxy}‐ethoxymethyl]‐5‐methyl‐trimethylene carbonate (TMCM‐MOE3OM) synthesized using the organocatalyst 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) were studied and compared to those with the commonly used catalyst/initiator for ring‐opening polymerization of cyclic carbonates and esters, stannous 2‐ethylhexanoate. Further, the utility of each of these catalysts in the copolymerization of TMCM‐MOE3OM with trimethylene carbonate (TMC) and l ‐lactide (LLA) was examined. Regardless of conditions with either catalyst, homopolymerization of TMCM‐MOE3OM yielded oligomers, having number average molecular weight less than 4000 Da. The resultant molecular weight was limited by ring‐chain equilibrium as well as through monomer autopolymerization. Interestingly, autopolymerization of TMC was also achieved with DBU as the catalyst. Copolymerization with TMC using stannous 2‐ethylhexanoate as the catalyst yielded random copolymers, while diblock copolymers were formed by copolymerization with LLA. With DBU as the catalyst, copolymers with LLA could not be formed, while blocky copolymers were formed with TMC. These findings should be useful in the incorporation of this monomer in the design of polymer biomaterials. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 544–552     

Schiff碱镧配合物的合成及其催化烷基异氰酸酯聚合

通过氯化镧与Schiff碱钠盐(NaSalen)的交换反应制备了4种镧的Schiff碱配合物La(HSalen1-4)3,对其中以3,5-二叔丁基水杨醛缩苯胺为配体的配合物La(HSalen2)3进行了X-射线单晶衍射分析,测定其单晶结构为五角双锥构型,七配位的镧金属中心与氮和氧原子相连.将所得的La(HSalen)3...     

配体骨架烷基取代基对α-二亚胺镍催化乙烯聚合的影响

合成了4种α-二亚胺镍催化剂Ar—NC(R1)C(R2)N—ArNiBr2[Ar=2,6-dimethylphenyl,R1=CnH2n+1,R2=CmH2m+1;其中Cat1:m=1,n=1;Cat2:m=2,n=1;Cat3:m=3,n=1;Cat4:m=2,n=2],考察了聚合温度、催化剂浓度和催化剂配体骨架碳原子上烷基取代基对乙烯聚合反应活性、聚合物链结构和结晶性能的影响.实验发现,当配体骨架上烷基取代基R1和R2不同时,催化剂具有较高的活性,且聚合物分子量也较高;其中,Cat2和Cat3在20℃,乙烯常压和5.8mmol/L催化剂用量下,乙烯聚合活性达1.86×103kgPE/(molNi.h)和1.92×103kgPE/(molNi.h),聚合物分子量(Mw)达6.82×105和1.019×105.聚乙烯链结构分析表明,甲基支链在聚乙烯支链中占主导地位,支化度主要受反应温度的影响;同时还发现,配体骨架碳原子上烷基取代基不同的二亚胺镍催化合成聚乙烯的长支链比例相对较高,特别是在较高反应温度40℃下,己基及以上长支链比例明显增加.     

茂型稀土金属有机配合物催化甲基丙烯酸酯类聚合研究进展

综述了茂型稀土金属有机配合物催化甲基丙烯酸酯类聚合的研究现状和最新进展。系统地介绍了不同的茂型稀土金属有机催化体系中温度、反应时间、溶剂等条件对催化甲基丙烯酸酯类聚合的影响规律,并研究其催化反应机理,最后展望茂型稀土金属有机化学今后的研究方向及前景。     

MoCl_n(OR)_(4_n)-(i-Bu)_2AlOPh 体系催化合成1,2-聚丁二烯的研究

<正> 在前报中,报道了用MoCl_n(OC_8H_17)_(4_a)-(i-Bu)_2AlOPh 催化体系合成1,2-聚丁二烯的工作,发现 MoC_n(OC-8H_17)_(4_n) 在加氢汽油中的溶解性高于MoCl_4~[2],且催化活性也有提高。本文在以前工作基础上,选用不同的OR基团,研究了MoCl_(OR)_(4_n)在加氢汽油中的溶解性及其催化行为与R基的关系,探讨了主、助催化剂用量及配比对聚合活     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NEWLY DESIGNED POLY[DI(ALKYL) VINYLTEREPHTHALATE]S

A series of newly designed monomers of 2-vinylterephthalates (VT) were synthesized. The monomers contain onephenylene group connected with two alkyl groups (carbon number varying from 1 to 6) via ester linkage. Their chemicalstructures were confirmed by mass spectroscopy (MS), ~1-H-NMR, and elemental analysis (EA). The corresponding polymers,poly[di(alkyl) vinylterephthalate]s (PDAVTs), were obtained using convenional free redical polymerization. The polymerswere found to be able to develop inio liquid crystalline phase when the size of the alkyl group in the side-chain increases tobe larger than the ethyl group.     

INFLUENCE OF DIALKYLZINC IN RARE-EARTH TERNARY CATALYST ON THE COPOLYMERIZATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND PROPYLENE OXIDE

Rare-earth ternary catalysts Y（CCl3COO）3-ZnR2-glycerin were prepared for the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and propylene oxide （PO）, where dialkylzincs （ZnR2） were diethylzinc, di（n-propyl）zinc, di（n-butyl）zinc, di（i-propyl）zinc, di（i-butyl）zinc, di（s-butyl）zinc,respectively. The Y（CCl3COO）3-ZnR2-glycerin catalysts displayed the highest catalytic activity at the molar ratio of Y（CCl3COO）3：ZnR2：glycerin = 1：20：10. In the same copolymerization condition, catalysts containing dialkylzincs with branched alkyl group showed lower catalytic activity than that with primary alkyl group. For those catalysts including dialkylzincs with primary alkyl group, their catalytic activity decreases with increasing number of carbon atom in the alkyl group with the following sequence： Y（CCl3COO）3-ZnEt2-glycerin 〉 Y（CCl3COO）3-Zn（n- Pr）2-glycerin〉Y（CCl3COO）3-Zn（n-Bu）2-glycerin. However, the alkyl group in the dialkylzinc does not influence the insertion of PO into the propagation chain end.     

茂钛均相催化剂丁二烯聚合研究

由五甲基单茂钛化合物Cp TiL3 和甲基铝氧烷 (MAO)组成的催化体系进行丁二烯聚合 .考察具有不同辅助配体L的主催化剂Cp TiL3 及外加三异丁基铝 (TIBA)对聚合的选择性 ;讨论了聚合温度、AlMAO Ti摩尔比和催化剂浓度对聚合反应的影响 .发现外加适量TIBA有助于提高催化活性 ,而且随着TIBA用量的增加聚丁二烯分子量增加 .结合钛氧化态分析 ,说明催化体系中Ti(Ⅲ )活性中心更有利于丁二烯聚合     

三氟甲磺酸稀土催化ε-己内酯开环聚合

采用三氟甲磺酸稀土(镧、钕、铒)作为单组分催化剂催化了ε-己内酯的本体开环聚合反应. 考察了稀土元素种类、催化剂浓度、聚合时间及温度对单体转化率和聚合产物分子量的影响. 该类催化剂在催化聚合过程中具有单一活性中心, 且催化活性较高. 此聚合反应可能是通过阳离子活性末端链聚合机理进行的.     

烷氧基氯化钛载体型催化体系用于丙烯聚合反应的研究——Ⅲ.不同烷氧基团对催化剂性能的影响

我们研究了烷氧基氯化钛Ti(OR)_nCl_(4-n)负载于MgCl_2-EB(EB为苯甲酸乙酯)做为丙烯定向聚合反应的催化剂。本文报告不同种类及不同数目的-OR基团对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明,它们能以高活性催化丙烯定向聚合并得到高等规度聚合物,其中以n-C_6H_(13)-OTiCl_3活性最好。由于空间位阻的缘故,-OR基团数目增多,对催化活性和等规度均不利。在钛活性组分中引入烷氧基团,聚合物分子量明显降低。     

亚胺膦亚胺型稀土双烷基配合物对丁二烯1,2-选择性聚合

以三烷基钪Sc(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2和胺基膦亚胺配体为原料,经烷基消去反应合成了胺基膦亚胺(NPN)型配体螯合钪烷基配合物。 其结构用1H NMR、13C NMR、元素分析和X射线衍射分析进行了表征。 在助催化剂有机硼盐和烷基铝的作用下,该配合物对丁二烯聚合表现出了较高的催化活性。 并且随着聚合温度的降低,催化剂的1,2-选择性也随之升高。 聚合温度为-75 ℃时,产物的1,2-结构含量高达98.0%,聚合物的分子量为2.95×104,分子量分布为1.65。     

超支化铬系催化剂的合成及乙烯齐聚性能研究

以不同端基烷基链长度的1.0G超支化大分子为桥联基,通过对其端基氨基进行催化功能改性,合成了系列具有不同桥联基长度的超支化PNP铬系催化剂。采用红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)、核磁共振磷谱(31P-NMR)、紫外光谱(UV)和质谱(MS)等表征方法证明合成催化剂的结构与理论结构相符。详细考察了溶剂种类、反应温度、Al/Cr摩尔比、反应压力、催化剂用量和催化剂结构对催化剂乙烯齐聚性能的影响。实验结果表明,当以甲苯为溶剂,甲基铝氧烷(MAO)为助催化剂时,超支化PNP铬系催化剂表现出良好的催化乙烯齐聚性能,产物以低碳烯烃为主。最佳条件下,催化活性最高可达到1.69×105g/mol Cr·h,己烯和辛烯的选择性为43.3%以上。相同聚合条件下,其催化活性随着端基烷基链长度的增加而下降。