改性纳米金富集-毛细管电泳法测定水产品中硝基呋喃类药物残留

建立了以巯基丁二酸改性纳米金新型富集技术-毛细管电泳法同时测定硝基呋喃类药物残留。在最优分离条件下,呋喃唑酮、呋喃它酮、呋喃妥因和呋喃西林能有效富集和分离。在7.5×10~(-7)~1.0×10~(-4)mol/L范围内,峰面积与浓度呈现良好的线性关系,4种硝基呋喃类药物最低检测限分别为3.7×10~(-7),4.2×10~(-7),2.2×10~(-7),4.3×10~(-7)mol/L。实验结果表明,改性金纳米粒子对样品的富集倍数可达92~146倍。该方法用于分析实际鳗鱼样品,回收率介于79.0%~96.4%之间,RSD为2.1%~5.5%。     

分散液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水中α-萘酚和β-萘酚

以氯苯为萃取剂,丙酮为分散剂,采用分散液相微萃取-液相色谱联用技术对水体中的α-萘酚和β-萘酚进行分析,优化了实验条件。该方法对α-萘酚和β-萘酚的线性范围分别为1.5～50μg/L和1.0～50μg/L,检出限分别为0.9μg/L和0.5μg/L,6次重复测定的相对标准偏差分别为3.3%和1.5%。方法应用于自来水、地下水和湖水样品的分析测定,回收率在91.3%～101.0%之间。     

浊点萃取–火焰原子吸收光谱法分析水样中铬的存在形态

将浊点萃取与火焰原子吸收光谱法联用对水样中铬的形态进行检测,在pH 7.7条件下,络合剂1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚(PAN)只与Cr(Ⅲ)络合而不与Cr(Ⅵ)反应,实现了环境水样品中Cr(Ⅲ)与Cr(Ⅵ)的分别测定。对影响浊点萃取效率的主要因素如酸度、试剂量、反应温度、时间等进行了研究,在最佳条件下,铬富集倍数为20倍。Cr(Ⅲ)的质量浓度在0.005~1.0 mg/L内与吸光度线性良好,线性相关系数r=0.999 8。用该方法对0.30 mg/L的Cr(Ⅲ)标准溶液平行测定11次,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.9%,检出限为5.74μg/L。将该法用于自来水、河水、三亚温泉水、工厂污水水中铬的形态分析并进行加标回收试验,回收率为90.0%~106.5%。该法富集倍数高、重现性好,测定结果准确可靠。     

聚多巴胺-氧化石墨烯修饰玻碳电极测定痕量Cu(Ⅱ)

采用吸附自聚法制备聚多巴胺-氧化石墨烯复合材料修饰玻碳电极(PDA-GO/GCE),并研究了该修饰电极的电化学性能。结果表明,在0.1mol/L的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,最优实验条件下,于-0.9V电位富集10min,溶出峰电流与Cu(Ⅱ)的浓度在0.1~1.0μg/L和1.0~30.0μg/L范围内呈良好线性关系,线性相关系数为0.991和0.995,检出限为0.02μg/L。采用标准加入法对水样中Cu(Ⅱ)进行测定,回收率达91.3%~96.9%,测量结果和电感耦合等离子体质谱法一致。PDA-GO/GCE具有良好选择性、稳定性和重现性,且制备简单、灵敏度高,可用于自来水和湖水中痕量Cu(Ⅱ)的检测。     

电化学发光-分子印迹传感器的制备及其在海洛因检测中的应用

利用掺杂多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)的Nafion膜在玻碳电极上固定联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)2+3),制得Ru(bpy)2+3/Nafion/MWCNT修饰电极。为了提高修饰电极的选择性,通过溶胶-凝胶技术,对该电极进一步修饰了溶胶-凝胶分子印迹膜,制得电化学发光-分子印迹传感器。优化了扫速、pH值、富集时间等检测条件,传感器显示出既具电化学发光技术的灵敏性和分子印迹技术的选择性。在优化条件下,即pH 7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,以100 mV/s扫速,富集5 min,对海洛因进行检测,在1.0×10!10~1.0×10!14mol/L范围内有良好线性关系,检出限可达到4.0×10!15mol/L(S/N=3)。传感器直接应用于唾液和尿液中海洛因的测定,回收率达到97%~104%。     

聚多巴胺-还原氧化石墨烯修饰电极同时测定邻苯二酚和对苯二酚

制备了聚多巴胺-还原氧化石墨烯修饰玻碳电极(PDA-rGO/GCE),以此修饰电极作为工作电极,采用循环伏安法(CV)对邻苯二酚(CC)和对苯二酚(HQ)的电化学行为进行了研究。结果表明CC和HQ在该修饰电极上的峰电流与氧化石墨烯修饰电极相比有了明显增高,并且它们的氧化峰电位差和还原峰电位差均超过110 mV,证明该修饰电极用于两种酚的同时检测是可行的。在优化实验条件下,采用微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)对CC和HQ同时进行检测,CC和HQ的峰电流与其浓度均在1.0×10~(-6)～4.0×10~(-3) mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)分别为2.0×10~(-7) mol/L和3.6×10~(-7) mol/L。以所制备的修饰电极对自来水水样和湖水水样进行了加标回收检测,回收率在97.6%～100.6%范围内。     

L-(8-羟基-5-甲基喹啉)半胱氨酸修饰电极的制备及其对汞离子选择性检测

利用Shifft碱反应将L-半胱氨酸和5-甲酰基-8-羟基喹啉一步合成L-(8-羟基-5-甲基喹啉)半胱氨酸,通过金-硫键将L-(8-羟基-5-甲基喹啉)半胱氨酸自组装到金电极表面制备L-(8-羟基-5-甲基喹啉)修饰金电极。L-(8-羟基-5-甲基喹啉)半胱氨酸分子中的羟基氧和氮可与Hg2+形成稳定的五元环配合物,因此该修饰电极能选择性吸附Hg2+,结合方波伏安法用于Hg2+电化学检测。在0.01mol/L HCl中,富集时间为160s,Hg2+浓度在1.0×10-9~1.0×10-8 mol/L、1.0×10-8~1.0×10-7 mol/L浓度范围内与方波伏安峰电流分段呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为0.92×10-9 mol/L。     

气相色谱-质谱联用对纺织品中16种含氯酚及邻苯基苯酚、β-萘酚残留量的测定

建立了气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)测定纺织品中16种含氯酚及邻苯基苯酚、β-萘酚残留量的方法.样品经甲醇超声提取、浓缩后,用0.1 mol/L硼砂溶液溶解,再经乙酸酐乙酰化后正己烷提取,用GC-MS测定,内标法定量.在0.025 ~1.0 mg/L范围内,方法的线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 3 ~0.999 9,添加回收率为83% ~112%,相对标准偏差为0.26% ~8.82%.该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,完全可满足进出口纺织品中16种含氯酚及邻苯基苯酚、β-萘酚残留量检测的要求.     

离子色谱分离-亚铁氰化钾-钙黄绿素偶合化学发光测定NO_2~-

利用NO2-在酸性介质中氧化亚铁氰化钾为铁氰化钾,然后在碱性条件下和钙黄绿素化学发光反应相偶合,结合离子色谱分离和流动注射技术间接测定了NO2-。结果发现当钙黄绿素浓度为1.0×10-4mol/L,亚铁氰化钾浓度为2.0×10-4mol/L时,NO2-在1.0×10-5～1.0×10-7g/L范围内,化学发光强度与NO2-浓度成良好的线性关系(R=0.9958),检出限(3σ)为5.1×10-8g/L,对质量浓度为1.0×10-6g/LNO2-溶液进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差为1.4%。将该方法用于蒸馏水和自来水中NO2-的测定,加标回收率分别为94.2%和107.1%。     

浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定环境样品中的痕量镉

研究了浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)测定痕量镉的新方法,利用表面活性剂Triton X-100和络合剂1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚(PAN)对镉进行浊点萃取。详细探讨了影响浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的因素。优化条件为:0.25 mL 30%NaC l,pH 8.5,0.50 mL、4.0×10-4mol/L PAN,0.2 mL 1.0%TritonX-100。在最佳条件下,镉的富集倍率为50倍,检出限为5.9 ng/L,RSD为2.1%。该方法用于环境样中痕量镉的富集和测定,结果令人满意。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.