CO／H2合成甲醇CuO—ZnO—ZrO2催化剂的研究

通过活性测定，ＸＲＤ、ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ表征，考察了共沉淀法制备的铜锌锆合成甲醇催化剂中ＺｒＯ２对物相结构、催化活性及热稳定性的影响。结果表明，ＺｒＯ２能显著提高ＣＯ／Ｈ２合成甲醇的催化活性和热稳定性。催化剂母体、氧化态和还原态的物相并未发生变化，仍分别为：Ｃｕ２（ＯＨ）３ＮＯ３，（Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ）５（ＣＯ３）２（ＯＨ）６，（Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ）２ＣＯ３（ＯＨ）２，Ｚｎ５（ＣＯ３）２（ＯＨ）６；ＣｕＯ、ＺｎＯ；Ｃｕ     

二氧化碳加氢合成甲醇铜基催化剂表面组成的研究

本文分别采用ＸＲＤ、ＥＳＲ、ＸＰＳ和ＸＡＥＳ等技术对于二氧化碳加氢低压合成甲醇用ＣｕＯ，ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ，ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３，ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－ＺｒＯ＿２催化剂在不同条件下表面Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ａｌ、Ｚｒ的存在价态进行了深入分析。实验发现催化剂在还原前Ｃｕ以Ｃｕ￣２＋存在，在还原后和反应状态下以Ｃｕ￣０存在；Ｚｎ在还原后和反应状态下有部分被还原为Ｚｎ￣（２－δ）（０＜δ＜２），Ｚｒ和Ａｌ仍保持其还原前价态。催化剂的表面化学组成为：Ｃｕ￣０／Ｚｎ（２－δ）￣＋／Ｚｒ￣４＋／Ａｌ￣３＋／Ｏ￣２－。     

CuO－ZnO基CO_2／H_2合成甲醇催化剂的反应活性中心

应用ＸＰＳ，ＸＡＥＳ和紫外漫反射光谱法研究了ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ／氧化物上ＣＯ２／Ｈ２合成甲醇的反应活性中心．ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ／氧化物催化剂上的反应活性中心是存在于ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ固溶体中的Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ｏ（＂□＂为氧空位），活性中心的Ｃｕ价态为Ｃｕ－和Ｃｕ０．反应活性中心在ＣｕＯＺｎＯ－ＺｒＯ２催化剂上比在其它ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ／氧化物催化剂如ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ，ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－ＭｇＯ，ＣｕＯＺｎＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＣｕＯ－ＺｎＯ－ｒ２Ｏ３上更加稳定．     

制备高碳醇用Cu-Zn-Zr催化剂的研究

研究了制备高碳醇用新的催化体系ＣｕＺｎＺｒ．ＣｕＺｎＺｒ催化剂可用Ｃｕ（ＮＯ３）２,Ｚｎ（ＮＯ３）２,ＺｒＯＣｌ２和Ｎａ２ＣＯ３为原料,采用并流共沉淀法制备．研究结果表明,ＣｕＺｎＺｒ催化剂对脂肪酸甲酯加氢制备高碳脂肪醇具有很高的活性．催化剂的活性测定结果及ＸＲＤ和ＴＰＲ表征结果表明,Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ都是该催化剂的活性组分,Ｃｕ０和ＺｎＯ是其活性物相,Ｚｒ组分以ＺｒＯ物相存在,对活性组分起着间隔分散作用．用ＡＳＡＰ２０００型物理吸附仪测定了催化剂的比表面积、比孔容、孔结构和孔径分布,揭示了在不同条件下制备的ＣｕＺｎＺｒ催化剂活性差异的原因     

氧化锆对铜基甲醇合成催化剂的促进作用(英文)

采用离子掺杂价态补偿原理,在Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ甲醇合成催化剂中添加适量氧化锆助剂研制Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ－Ｚｒ催化剂的特性。实验结果表明,最佳反应温度为２３０℃,比Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ约低１０℃。采用ＸＲＤ、ＵＶＤＲ、ＦＴＩＲ、ＴＰＤ和ＴＰＲ等谱学方法对２种催化剂进行表征显示,铜基催化剂的活性位可能是“Ｃｕ０－Ｃｕ＋－Ｏ－Ｚｎ２／Ａ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２”,工作态Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ－Ｚｒ催化剂表面上Ｃｕ／Ｃｕ０的比值、价态稳定性和对ＣＯ的吸附量均大于Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ,这与该催化剂具有较好的低温活性和较高的热稳定性密切相关。     

Cu，Zn─SOD酶模型化合物催化O_2~－歧化作用的研究

为了解Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ—ＳＯＤ酶结构和功能关系．尤其是Ｃｕ周围四位构型对催化歧化活性的影响，本文用ＮＢＴ法测定了Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ—ＳＯＤ酶和两个Ｃｕ—ｉｍ—Ｚｎ模型配合物及相应单核Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）配合物催化歧化的活性，结果表明不同咪唑桥联方式和不同配位构型的化合物催化歧化的活性明显不同．其中以咪唑桥在四方锥底平面位置的［（ｄｔｍａ）Ｃｕ（ｉｍ）Ｚｎ（ｄｔｍａ）ＣｌＯ４·２．５Ｈ２Ｏ及其相应单核ＣＵ（Ⅱ）化合物比对应的咪唑桥在四方锥锥顶位置的［（ｔｒｉｃｎ）Ｃｕ（ｉｍ）Ｚｎ（ｔｒｉｃｎ）］（ＣｌＯ４）３·Ｈ２Ｏ及其有关化合物有更高的催化活性．     

二氧化碳加氢合成二甲醚的研究——ZrO2含量对Cu—ZnO—SiO2—ZrO2催 …

考察了ＣＯ２加氢合成ＣＨ３ＯＣＨ３反应中ＺｒＯ２含量对Ｃｕ－ＺｎＯ－ＳｉＯ２－ＺｒＯ２催化剂的影响,采用ＴＰＲ,ＸＲＤ,ＢＥＴ和ＴＥＭ等技术对催化剂的结构形态、表面性质和ＺｒＯ２的作用进行了研究,结果表明,催化剂中加入ＺｒＯ２能提高催化剂的比表面积及ＣＯ２转化率和ＣＨ３ＯＣＨ３产率,降低最佳反应温度;ＺｒＯ２含量以２％～３％为佳,催化剂中的ＣｕＯ以种形式存在：小晶粒ＣｕＯ,聚集的无定形ＣｕＯ及均匀     

制备方法对超细Cu／ZnO／Al2O3催化剂上CO2＋H2合成甲醇的影响

制备方法对超细Ｃｕ／ＺｎＯ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３催化剂上ＣＯ_２＋Ｈ_２合成甲醇的影响张玉龙，王欢，邓景发（复旦大学化学系，上海，２００４３３）关键词超细粒子，合成甲醇，Ｃｕ／ＺｎＯ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３催化剂，ＣＯ_２＋Ｈ_２ＣＯ２＋Ｈ２合成甲醇是目前的热门课题［１～...     

稀土（Ⅲ）（4＇－溴－5＇－硝基苯并－15－冠－5）配合物的制备与表征

在乙腈和丙酮介质中合成了６种轻稀土硝酸盐与４＇－溴－５＇－硝基苯并－１５－冠－５（Ｌ）的固体配合物，经元素分析确定其组成为ＲＥ（ＮＯ＿３）＿３·Ｌ（ＲＥ＝－Ｌａ～Ｎｄ），Ｓｍ（ＮＯ＿３）＿３·Ｌ·Ｈ＿２Ｏ和Ｅｕ（ＮＯ＿３）＿３·Ｌ·ＣＨ＿３ＣＮ·４Ｈ＿２Ｏ，并进行了ＩＲ、ＵＶ、ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ、摩尔电导及Ｘ－射线粉末衍射物相分析等表征，探讨了冠醚苯基上引入双取代基（－Ｂｒ，－ＮＯ＿２）后对稀土离子配位作用的影响．     

Cu/ZnO/Al2O3/ZrO2催化剂上乙醇脱氢合成乙酸乙酯Ⅱ.催化剂的表征

采用ＸＲＤ，ＴＰＲ和ＴＰＤ／ＴＰＳＲ方法研究了ＣｕＯ／ＺｎＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＺｒＯ２（及还原态）催化剂的物相结构，还原状况，酸碱性质及吸附状况，并与其它催化剂作了比较，ＸＲＤ结果表明，此催化剂在还原臆有以晶相存在的ＣｕＯ，还原后以铜晶形式存在，而Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＺｎＯ，ＺｒＯ２在还原前后均以无定形形式存在，ＴＰＲ实验发现，共沉淀法制备的铜基催化剂只有一个耗氢峰，对应ＣｕＯ的一种分布状态，且催化剂中ＺｒＯ     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.