动物组织中粘杆菌素、杆菌肽及维吉尼霉素残留量的液相色谱-串联质谱检测

建立了动物组织(肌肉、肝脏、肾脏)中粘杆菌素、杆菌肽和维吉尼霉素等多肽类抗生素残留量的检测方法.样品经甲醇-0.1%甲酸提取,Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化后,利用液相色谱-串联质谱进行定性、定量分析.3种多肽类抗生素的检出限分别为粘杆菌素25 μg/kg,杆菌肽50 μg/kg,维吉尼霉素20 μg/kg;平均回收率分别为粘杆菌素89% ～98%,杆菌肽90% ～99%,维吉尼霉素92% ～100%;相对标准偏差为1.91% ～9.81%.方法具有快速简便、准确度和灵敏度高、重复性好等特点,适于动物组织中多肽类抗生素的测定.方法的技术指标满足国内外对多肽类抗生素残留量检测的要求.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定猪肝脏中恩拉霉素残留量

建立了快速测定猪肝脏中恩拉霉素残留量的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)分析方法。猪肝脏样品用0.1 mol/L盐酸-乙腈(3∶7,体积比)提取2次,离心收集上清液后,加入乙酸乙酯和正己烷液液萃取净化提取液,离心分层后吸取下层提取液经0.1%甲酸稀释定容后进行LC-MS/MS分析。采用Acquity BEH C_(18)柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)进行色谱分离,以0.1%甲酸溶液-甲醇为流动相梯度洗脱;质谱采用电喷雾正离子(ESI~+)模式电离,多反应监测(MRM)模式采集数据,基质校准外标法定量。恩拉霉素A和恩拉霉素B基质标准溶液在2.0～500μg/L质量浓度范围内与定量离子对峰面积呈良好的线性关系,方法检出限分别为3.0、4.0μg/kg,定量下限分别为10、12μg/kg,空白猪肝脏的加标回收率为80.8%～90.3%,批内相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.90%～4.5%,批间RSD为3.0%～4.3%。与已建立的方法比较,该方法简单快速,准确度和精密度均较好,能满足动物组织中恩拉霉素残留量分析的需要。     

液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱快速分析动物源性食品中多肽类药物残留

建立了液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(Q/Exactive)分析鸡肉、鸡肝、鸡肾、猪肉、猪肝、猪肾、牛奶和鸡蛋中粘杆菌素A、粘杆菌素B、多粘菌素B、杆菌肽A和维吉尼霉素M的方法。动物源性食品采用1%(体积分数)乙酸乙腈-水(体积比为8∶2)超声提取,提取液直接经C18液相色谱柱分离。在电喷雾正离子模式下,四极杆质谱在m/z 1.2隔离窗口下过滤一级带电离子,高分辨静电场轨道阱质谱在35 000分辨率下进行目标物子离子全扫描(targeted-MS2)。根据5种多肽类药物的高分辨分子离子峰、同位素分布、特征子离子信息建立数据库,采用Trace Finder 3.0软件实现定性检索。为解决多肽类药物残留测定结果重复性差的难题,系统地评价了5种多肽类药物的关键操作技术条件,发现导致该类药物降解的主要因素包括:提取时间、玻璃器皿、存放时间。该方法测定5种多肽类药物时,测定结果的质量精度均小于5×10-6,维吉尼霉素M的定量限(LOQ)为0.5μg/kg,另外4种多肽类药物的LOQ均为10μg/kg。在0.25~500μg/kg范围内,5种多肽类药物的峰面积与质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数R2≥0.993 1,方法回收率为67.4%~108.9%,相对标准偏差为4.5%~17.2%。该方法操作简单,测定结果准确,可用于动物源性食品中多肽类药物残留的高通量测定。     

反相液相色谱-串联质谱法检测猪肝中26种β2-受体激动剂类药物残留

建立了一种猪肝中26种β2-受体激动剂药物残留的反相液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品经β-葡萄糖苷酸酶/芳基硫酸酯酶酶解12 h后,加入HClO4调至pH 1,去除蛋白,残渣经过0.1 mol/L HClO4再次提取后,合并提取液,调节混合提取液至pH 4,过混合阳离子(MCX)固相萃取柱净化。采用0.1%甲酸(A)和0.1%甲酸-乙腈(B)作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱(ESI+)采用多离子检测模式(MRM)对β2-受体激动剂的定量离子和定性离子进行监测,本方法在15 min内完成26种目标化合物的分离分析。26种β2-受体激动剂在5、10和20μg/L添加水平的回收率为64.0%~112.7%,相对标准偏差小于15.2%,方法检出限为0.15~1.35μg/kg。     

液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法检测鸡组织中5种聚醚类药物残留

建立了鸡组织中聚醚类药物多残留检测的高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱方法。采用甲醇提取鸡组织中的拉沙洛菌素、盐霉素、莫能菌素、甲基盐霉素和马杜霉素,经硅胶柱净化,以乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)-0.1%甲酸水溶液(体积比为97:3)为流动相,Symmetry Shield RP18作为色谱分析柱,多反应监测(MRM)正离子扫描方式进行质谱检测。当5种聚醚类药物的添加水平为鸡肉0.1～1500 μg/kg、鸡肝0.2～4500 μg/kg时,平均回收率为71.6%～99.1%,日内测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)(n=5)为3.2%～10.7%,日间RSD(n=3)为4.6%～14.7%。2种鸡组织中5种聚醚类药物的定量限为0.1～1.0 μg/kg。该方法的灵敏度、准确度和精密度均符合兽药残留分析技术的要求,适用于鸡肉和鸡肝中5种聚醚类药物的多残留检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析化妆品中的常见抗生素及甲硝唑

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)测定化妆品中常见的6种抗生素(美满霉素、土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素、氯霉素)及甲硝唑的方法,并用于实际样品的分析。样品经甲醇-0.1 mol/L甲酸溶液(体积比为1∶1)超声提取后,以甲醇(含1%甲酸)-水(含1%甲酸)为流动相,经UPLC梯度洗脱分离后以多反应监测(MRM)模式质谱测定。方法的检出限为3～20 ng/g,回收率为87%～101%,工作曲线的线性相关系数大于0.995,线性范围为2～1000 μg/L (达3个数量级)。对11份市售化妆品进行分析检测,其中2份检出氯霉素,质量分数分别为0.37%和0.19%;1份检出甲硝唑,质量分数为1.02%;美满霉素、土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素未检出。     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱法检验全血中三种合成大麻素

建立了同时测定全血中合成大麻素JWH-018,JWH-250和AM-2201超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱(UPLC-TQ/MS)快速检验方法。分别考察了沉淀蛋白法,改良后的Qu ECh ERS方法和Oasis HLB固相萃取3种前处理方法,以回收率为考察标准,比较了3种前处理方法的优缺点。沉淀蛋白法使用乙腈沉淀血液中的蛋白质,振荡、离心、过膜后直接进样;改良后的Qu ECh ERS方法采用无水M g SO4平衡水相;固相萃取选用HLB柱,对p H、淋洗液、缓冲液等条件进行优化,选用p H 9的硼砂-硼酸(4:1,V/V)缓冲液,甲醇-水(5:95,V/V)溶液为淋洗液,0.1%甲酸-乙腈(1:4,V/V)为洗脱液。选用ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱,以A相0.1%甲酸水和B相0.1%甲酸-乙腈作为流动相,进行梯度洗脱。采用液相色谱-串联质谱仪的电喷雾电离,正离子模式扫描,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测合成大麻素JWH-018,JWH-250及AM-2201。结果表明,3种合成大麻素在其各自的浓度范围内线性关系良好(R20.999);3个添加水平(5,50,100 ng/m L)下,固相萃取方法回收率在70.1%~98.5%之间,改良后的Qu ECh ERS方法回收率在80.3%~108.6%之间,沉淀蛋白法回收率在62.0%~92.3%之间,3种合成大麻素检出限(S/N=3)在0.01~0.05 ng/m L范围内,定量限(S/N=10)在0.05~0.1 ng/m L范围内。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测花生中的黄曲霉毒素B_1

应用高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱联用系统(HPLC-MS/MS),在多反应离子检测方式(MRM)下,对花生中的黄曲霉毒素B1进行检测.对花生中黄曲霉毒素B1的提取、净化、液相分离及串联质谱等相关检测参数进行了优化研究.用V(甲醇):V(水)=6:4提取,OASIS HLB SPE小柱净化,定容过滤.采用V(甲醇):V(水)(含体积分数0.1%甲酸)=7:3为流动相,前级离子313.0,二级离子241.1、269.1,ESI正离子方式检测,在3.3 min出峰.结果表明,在ESI正离子模式下,黄曲霉毒素B1在其线性定量范围0.1～50μg/kg内,相关系数达到0.9999,检出限为0.03μg/kg,最低定量限为0.1μg/kg.低、中、高浓度添加回收率范围为93%～105%.     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱法快速筛查牛奶中的农药和兽药残留

利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)技术建立了牛奶中42种农药和兽药残留的快速检测方法。目标药物包括常用的13种农药和29种兽药,采用QuEChERS（Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe）方法进行样品前处理。牛奶样品经含1%甲酸的乙腈溶液提取,同时加入无水硫酸钠和氯化钾盐析,提取液经C18填料净化后直接测定。目标药物经ACQUITY UPLCTMBEH C18柱分离,以乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用正离子全信息串联质谱扫描模式(MSE)进行检测。结果表明,牛奶中42种农药和兽药的定量限(LOQ, S/N=10)为1～100 μg/kg; 3个加标水平的平均回收率为68.2%～129.1%,相对标准偏差为2.8%～30.8%。该方法快速简便、灵敏度较高,可用于牛奶中42种农兽药的快速筛查。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物源食品中粘杆菌素、多粘菌素B的残留量

建立了动物源食品中粘杆菌素和多粘菌素B残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定方法。样品用V(10%三氯乙酸水溶液):V(乙腈)=30:70提取,Oasis WCX SPE柱净化,LC-MS/MS电喷雾正离子多反应监测模式(ESI+-MRM)检测。分析物在0～250μg/kg的浓度范围内呈良好线性,线性相关系数>0.995。方法的定量限为10μg/kg。方法在三个添加水平的平均回收率在71.6%～78.9%之间,相对标准偏差在6.2%～12%之间。方法适用于动物源食品中粘杆菌素和多粘菌素B的定量及确证检测。     

液相色谱串联质谱法同时测定饲料中8种苯并咪唑类药物

建立了同时测定饲料中8种苯并咪唑类药物(噻苯咪唑、丙硫咪唑、硫苯咪唑、苯硫氧咪唑、氟苯咪唑、甲苯咪唑、丙氧苯唑和三氯苯唑)的液相色谱串联质谱分析方法。饲料样品用酸化乙腈直接提取,提取液用甲酸溶液稀释后进行分析。分析时用XBridgeTMC18色谱柱,以甲酸溶液-乙腈体系进行梯度洗脱,MRM方式测定,基质外标法定量。8种苯并咪唑类药物均在0.02~10.0 mg.L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)均不低于0.990,在饲料样品中的检出限为2.1~63.0μg.kg-1。饲料中苯并咪唑类药物在0.50、30、200 mg.kg-13种加标水平下的回收率为84%~104%,相对标准偏差均小于10.0%。方法分析单个样品约需30 min,该方法适合饲料中8种苯并咪唑类药物的同时分析。     

Determination of pharmaceutical compounds in aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Standard solutions of reserpine, dextromethorphan, imipramine and amitriptyline in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), DMSO containing 0.1% formic acid, and DMSO/H(2)O (1:1, v/v) containing 0.1% formic acid were analyzed by positive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). A triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with a TurboIonspray (TIS) interface was used for the ESI-MS analyses. The samples dissolved in the respective DMSO solution were infused directly into the mass spectrometer at 10 microL/min using an infusion pump. The positive Q1 full-scan (m/z 50-650) mass spectrum of DMSO (MW = 78) showed three main peaks at m/z 79, 101 and 179, corresponding to the protonated molecule [DMSO+H](+), and the sodiated adducts [DMSO+Na](+) and [2DMSO+Na](+), respectively. The ESI of the compounds in DMSO and DMSO containing 0.1% formic acid was promoted by using the TIS gas (GS2) combined with the nebulizer gas (GS1), and TIS source temperature set to 250 degrees C. In contrast, samples dissolved in DMSO/H(2)O (1:1, v/v) containing 0.1% formic were sprayed at a lower temperature (100 degrees C) using only the nebulizer gas. The TIS voltage (V) was optimized in order to establish the lowest voltage necessary to achieve optimum ESI of each pharmaceutical compound with the voltage maintained below the onset potential required to produce a corona discharge at the TIS probe (sprayer). Detection limits of 10 ng/mL were achieved for reserpine, dextromethorphan, imipramine and amitriptyline in each solvent composition.     

Simultaneous determination and tissue distribution studies of four phenolic acids in rat tissue by UFLC–MS/MS after intravenous administration of salvianolic acid for injection

A rapid, simple and sensitive ultra‐fast liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination and tissue distribution studies of rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid D, lithospermic acid and salvianolic acid B in rats after intravenous administration of salvianolic acid for injection. The tissue homogenate samples were pretreated by protein precipitation with pre‐cooled acetonitrile. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Cortecs UPLC C₁₈ column (1.6 μm, 2.1 × 100 mm) with a mobile phase composed of 0.1% formic acid–water and 0.1% formic acid–acetonitrile. Analytes were detected by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and quantitated using multiple reaction monitoring. The method was fully validated. The calibration curves for the four phenolic acids were linear in the given concentration ranges. The precisions (relative standard deviation) in the measurement of quality control samples were <10% and the accuracies (relative error) were in the range of 0.28–11.22%. The reliable method was successfully applied to the tissue distribution studies of the four phenolic acids. The results showed that rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid D, lithospermic acid and salvianolic acid B were rapidly distributed in tissues with the major amount found in kidney, and little crossed the blood–brain barrier. The developed method and the results provide a basis for further studies.     

杂质吸附型净化结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定谷物和动物饲料中37种霉菌毒素

建立了谷物和动物饲料中霉菌毒素的高效、快速前处理方法,可同时提取和净化样品中37种理化性质差异较大的霉菌毒素,并采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）进行定性和定量分析。样品粉碎处理后,经84%（体积分数,下同）乙腈水（含0.1%甲酸）溶液振荡提取20 min,MLJ-1杂质吸附型固相萃取柱净化。目标物在BEH RP18色谱柱上分离,以0.1 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液（含0.1%甲酸）和甲醇溶液（含0.1%甲酸）作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱采用电喷雾正、负离子模式和多反应监测模式进行定性和定量分析。结果表明,本方法可在1 min内完成样品净化处理,15 min内完成37种目标化合物的分离分析。37种目标物在各自线性范围内线性关系良好,基质匹配标准曲线的相关系数均大于0.98。除伏马毒素外的所有目标化合物在4个添加水平下的回收率介于80%~120%之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）<20%（n=5）,方法定量限为2~40 μg/kg,能够满足《饲料卫生标准》判定要求。该方法操作简单、快速、准确,适合谷物和动物饲料中多种霉菌毒素同步筛查和确证检测。     

固相萃取-超快速液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定血液中的4种苏丹染料

建立了血液样品中4种苏丹染料（苏丹Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ）的固相萃取-超快速液相色谱-串联质谱（UFLC-MS/MS）测定方法。样品经乙腈涡旋振荡提取,上清液加等体积水稀释混匀后移入C18固相萃取小柱净化,采用Agilent Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm）以0.1%（v/v）甲酸水溶液和0.1%（v/v）甲酸乙腈溶液为流动相梯度洗脱分离,电喷雾电离（ESI）正离子多反应监测模式进行定量分析。讨论了苏丹Ⅲ和苏丹Ⅳ的偶氮基团E-Z光学异构现象,并对影响因素进行了分析。结果4种苏丹染料在0.1~20.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999;在低、中、高3个加标水平的平均回收率为93.0%~108.2%,相对标准偏差为4.8%~9.5%;方法的检出限（LOD）为0.06 μg/L,定量限（LOQ）为0.2 μg/L。本方法准确、快速、灵敏,可用于血液样品中苏丹类染料的检测分析。     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法测定焙烤食品及其原料中11种真菌毒素

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-HRMS)测定焙烤食品及其原料中11种真菌毒素的检测分析方法。样品经20 mL含1%(体积分数)甲酸的乙腈-水(9∶1,v/v)溶液提取,经2.0 g无水硫酸、0.5 g氯化钠和300 mg C18盐析、净化后进行检测。采用CORTECS C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.6μm),以含0.1%(体积分数)甲酸的2 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和含0.1%(体积分数)甲酸的2 mmol/L乙酸铵甲醇溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。结果显示,11种真菌毒素在各自的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好(相关系数r2≥0.996 0),方法的定量限为0.15~20.00μg/kg,样品加标回收率为64.38%~122.61%,相对标准偏差为1.52%~12.99%(n=6)。该方法简单快速、灵敏度高、结果准确、可靠,利用该方法可有效测定焙烤食品及其原料中常见真菌毒素的含量。     

Development of sensitive and rapid analytical methodology for food analysis of 18 mycotoxins included in a total diet study

A rapid and sensitive method for the determination of 18 mycotoxins in 24 different food matrices has been developed and validated. With the exception of beverages and oil samples, a simple extraction with acetonitrile:water 80:20 (0.1% formic acid) was applied. Fruit juice, wine and beer samples were simply diluted with water containing 0.1% formic acid. Oil samples were partitioned with acetonitrile/hexane in order to remove fats. Analyses were made by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry with triple quadrupole. Validation was carried out in all selected matrices using blank samples spiked at two analyte concentrations. Extraction recoveries between 70 and 120% and relative standard deviations lower than 20% were obtained for the wide majority of analyte–matrix combinations. Matrix-matched calibration was used for a correct quantification in order to compensate for matrix effects. Limits of quantification were lower than maximum permitted levels for every regulated mycotoxin–matrix combination. The acquisition of three SRM transitions per compound allowed the unequivocal confirmation of positive samples, supported by the accomplishment of ion intensity ratios and retention time when compared with reference standards. The developed methodology was applied to the analysis of 240 samples within a total diet study performed at Comunidad Valenciana (Spain). The most frequently found mycotoxins were deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1, ochratoxin A and zearalenone at low μg kg⁻¹ levels, mainly in bread, breakfast cereals and beer.     

超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法测定生活饮用水中49种药物及5种代谢物

建立了超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(UPLC-ESI MS/MS)分析生活饮用水中54种药物的方法。采用HLB固相萃取柱对水样中的目标化合物进行富集净化,以5 mL甲醇洗脱;洗脱液用氮气吹至近干,用0.4 mL 0.1%甲酸水溶液定容,上机分析;ACQUITY UPLC^TMBEH C₁₈柱用作色谱分离,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱;多反应监测(MRM)模式进行检测;目标药物使用基质外标法定量。54种药物在自备井水、市政末梢水和地表水中的加标回收率分别为58.7%~104.4%、53.1%~109.5%和50.7%~118.8%,相对标准偏差(n=6)分别为0.3%~12.8%、1.0%~15.5%和0.4%~19.3%;方法定量限为0.002~5.000 ng/L。将建立的方法应用于北京部分自备井水、市政末梢水和地表水样品的分析,结果在自备井水样中检出26种药物。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测水果中6种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂及其质谱裂解规律

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定橙子、香蕉、苹果、菠萝中E-苯氧菌胺、嘧菌酯、醚菌酯、啶氧菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯和肟菌酯6种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂残留的方法。采用计算机辅助谱图解析软件ACD Lab/MS Fragmenter对质谱裂解路径进行了分析。样品经乙腈提取,氨基固相萃取柱(SupelClean LC-NH2)净化,采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)进行分离,以含0.1%(v/v)甲酸的10mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和含0.1%(v/v)甲酸的乙腈溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在电喷雾正离子模式下,采用多反应监测(MRM)模式监测,外标法定量。结果显示,6种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂在5~100μg/L(其中吡唑醚菌酯在1~20μg/L)范围内的相关系数(r2)均大于0.999。6种杀菌剂的加标回收率为60.4%~120%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.15%~15.1%(n=6)。该法能满足橙子、香蕉、苹果和菠萝中6种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂残留量的检测要求。     

Rapid Simultaneous Determination of Eight Benzimidazoles in Animal Feed by LC�CMS�CMS

A rapid, sensitive and reliable LC?CMS?CMS method for the determination of eight benzimidazoles in animal feed was developed and validated. Samples were extracted with acidic acetonitrile. The extract was diluted with 0.1% formic acid in water, and analyzed by LC?CMS?CMS on a Waters XBridge? C₁₈ column with acetonitrile/0.1% formic acid in water as mobile phase. The samples were quantified with the matrix standard calibration curve method. Good linearity was obtained for eight benzimidazoles at a concentration of 0.005?C2.5 ??g mL^?1 with a linear relative coefficient more than 0.990. Recoveries of 84.0?C104.0% with CVs of 2.50?C7.50% were obtained. Limit of detection was 2.1?C63.0 ??g kg^?1. The method demonstrated to be suitable for the determination of eight benzimidazoles in animal feed samples.