环境水样中百菌清残留的单滴微萃取-反相液相色谱测定

应用单滴微萃取(SDME)-反相液相色谱(RPLC)检测了环境水样中的百菌清残留.优化了单滴微萃取条件:环己烷萃取剂6 μL、单滴体积2 μL、搅拌速率350 r/min、萃取时间40 min、水溶液温度35 ℃、无盐度.水样经单滴微萃取后,使用Hypersil C18柱反相液相色谱分离测定百菌清.反相液相色谱条件:100%甲醇流动相、流速1.0 mL/min、柱温25 ℃、224 nm检测.方法的线性范围、检出限、相对标准偏差和富集倍数分别为1.0 ～50 μg/L、0.02 μg/L、6.1%和427倍.采用该法对环境水样中的百菌清残留进行了测定,环境水样的加标回收率为98% ～106%.     

固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定饮用水源中53种挥发性有机污染物

应用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定饮用水源中53种挥发性有机污染物的含量。优化的试验条件如下:1萃取纤维为DVB/CAR/PDMS;2萃取温度为25℃;3顶空体积为9mL;4萃取时间为10min;5解吸温度为200℃;6解吸时间为3min。在气相色谱分离中用VF-624MS柱为固定相,在质谱分析中采用全扫描模式。53种挥发性有机污染物在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.001~0.130μg·L-1之间。方法用于实际水样的分析,加标回收率在75.9%~107%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.5%~18%之间。     

顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定水中5种农药残留量

采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定水中三乙基硫代磷酸酯、阿特拉津、甲基对硫磷、对硫磷和脱叶磷等5种农药残留量。优化的试验条件如下:1聚丙烯酸酯萃取纤维头;2萃取温度为80℃;3萃取时间为40min;4解吸时间为5min。用DB-35MS色谱柱(30m×0.32mm,0.25μm)分离,氮磷检测器检测。5种农药在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.05~1.0μg·L-1之间。方法用于水库水样分析,加标回收率在37.0%~107%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在1.6%~25.0%之间。     

快速溶剂萃取–高效液相色谱法测定禽蛋中磺胺嘧啶

建立快速溶剂萃取–高效液相色谱法测定禽蛋中磺胺嘧啶残留的方法。用单因素和正交试验对禽蛋中磺胺嘧啶的萃取条件进行优化,确定了最佳萃取条件:以甲醇为萃取剂,在130℃循环萃取4次,冲洗体积分数为80%,萃取时间为25 min。色谱柱为Hypersil ODS2柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇–0.5%冰乙酸(25∶75),流量为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为265 nm。磺胺嘧啶的质量浓度在0.025~0.500 mg/m L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 5,检出限为0.5μg/kg。加标回收率在83.0%~88.2%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.2%(n=9)。方法的精密度、准确度和基质效应均符合禽蛋样品检测要求,可用于禽蛋中磺胺嘧啶含量的测定。     

HPLC法同时测定油橄榄叶中的5种多酚类化合物含量

建立了HPLC法同时测定油橄榄叶抗糖尿病有效部位中的5种多酚类化合物含量。优选的色谱条件为:色谱柱:Sinochrom ODS-BP柱(250×4.6 mm,5μm);DAD检测器;检测波长:230 nm;流速:1.0 mL/min;柱温:30℃;进样量:10μL;流动相:水(A)+甲醇(B),梯度洗脱:0~5 min,30%B;5~20 min,30%B~52%B;20~25 min,52%B~50%B。在优选的色谱条件下,5种多酚类化合物能够得到较好的分离。日内RSD为1.4%~2.6%,日间RSD为0.8%~2.8%,回收率为97.1%~113.2%。方法可用于测定油橄榄叶及其抗糖尿病有效部位中的5种多酚类化合物的含量。     

分散液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定尿样中2,5-己二酮、苯酚及邻甲酚

提出了分散液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定尿样中2,5-己二酮、苯酚及邻甲酚的含量。优化的试验条件如下:1衍生试剂为2,4-二硝基苯肼;2反应时间为20min;3反应温度为70℃;4萃取剂三氯甲烷的用量为0.3mL;5萃取时间为10min。以C18色谱柱为固定相,用不同比例的甲醇-水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,用紫外检测器测定。2,5-己二酮、苯酚及邻甲酚在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.3~0.7μg·L-1之间。加标回收率在89.1%~104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)在3.0%~4.6%之间。     

高效液相色谱法快速测定满山红中槲皮素和杜鹃素的研究

研究了用固相萃取预分离,高效液相色谱法测定满山红中槲皮素和杜鹃素。槲皮素和杜鹃素用90%甲醇加热回流提取,提取液用Waters Sep-Pak-C18固相萃取小柱预分离,然后用ZORBAX Stable Bound(50×4.6 mm i.d.,1.8μm)色谱柱,以0.2%的磷酸和甲醇(52∶48,V/V)为流动相,槲皮素和杜鹃素在1.0 min内可达到基线分离;用紫外二极管矩阵检测器检测。方法的加入标准回收率为98%~102%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~1.8%。本法可用于满山红样品中的槲皮素和杜鹃素的测定,结果满意。     

固相萃取富集/气相色谱法测定烟草中的9种有机酸

建立了用硫酸甲醇甲酯化衍生-固相萃取富集/气相色谱测定烟草中9种有机酸的方法,首次实现了强酸介质中有机酸酯的固相萃取。烟草样品用硫酸-甲醇进行甲酯化衍生,衍生生成的有机酸酯用MCIGEL反相树脂分离富集,萃取液用甲醇洗脱后进行气相色谱分析,采用DB-5毛细管色谱柱,进样量1.0μL,不分流进样;检测器温度250℃。方法可同时准确测定烟草样品中乳酸、草酸、丙二酸、乙酰丙酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、亚油酸的含量,各有机酸的加标回收率为92.2%~102.6%,相对标准偏差为2.4%~3.2%,定量下限为0.20~0.36 mg/L。该方法准确、灵敏度高,能够满足实际样品的测定要求。     

双水相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定酵母细胞中麦角固醇含量

建立了乙醇-水双水相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定酵母细胞中麦角固醇含量的分析方法。先使酵母细胞在KOH-乙醇溶液中于85℃~90℃回流皂化2 h,冷却后加入适量分相剂Na3PO4.12H2O使其形成双水相体系,经振摇萃取,麦角固醇进入乙醇相,萃取效率为95%~102%。用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定醇相中麦角固醇含量,采用DiamonsilTMC18色谱柱(200×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇,流速为1.0 mL/min;紫外检测波长为281 nm,进样量为20μL。方法线性范围为30.15~2010μg/mL,检出限为1.3μg/mL;用其测得酵母细胞中麦角固醇含量为2.74 mg/g,RSD为2.1%(n=5),加标回收率为91.6%~96.9%。     

固相萃取/气相色谱-质谱分析大米中氟草烟残留

试样采用NaOH-甲醇溶液提取,经EASY柱固相萃取净化后,以甲醇为衍生剂,浓硫酸为催化剂,在93~98℃水浴条件下酯化后,以DB-5 MS柱为分离柱,气相色谱-质谱联用测定。试验结果表明,氟草烟质量浓度为0.05~2 mg/L时,与相应的峰面积或丰度成良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 6;添加质量浓度为0.050 0~0.200 mg/kg时,回收率为81%~98%,该法检出限为0.01 mg/kg。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.