氟喹诺酮类抗生素与赤藓红的共振瑞利散射光谱研究及其分析应用

在Ph4.0～5.0的BR缓冲介质中,赤藓红(Ery)与莫西沙星(MXFX)和加替沙星(GTF)等氟喹诺酮类抗生素(FLQs)相互作用形成1:1离子缔合物,体系反应导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)显著增强并出现新的RRS光谱.两种药物的反应产物具有相似的光谱特征,最大散射波长位于568nm处,并在342nm和378nm处有2个较小的散射峰.在342nm处一定浓度的抗生素与散射增强成正比,两种氟喹诺酮类药物的线性范围分别是0.02～2.7μg/mL(MXFX)和0.06～10.2μg/mL(GTF).据此建立了测定氟喹诺酮类药物的新方法,已用于胶囊和人尿液中的FLQs测定,并对反应机理和RRS增强的原因作了讨论.     

Absorption Spectra and Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Spectra of Cu(Ⅱ)-Fluoroquinolone Chelates with Tetrachlorotetraiodo-fluoresceindisodium Salt System and Their Analytical Applications

在pH 4.2～4.8的B-R缓冲介质中,莫西沙星(MXFX)和加替沙星(GTF)等氟喹诺酮类抗生素(FLQs)能与铜(Ⅱ)形成螯合阳离子,进一步与虎红(Tf)阴离子通过静电引力和疏水作用形成FLQs∶Cu(Ⅱ)∶Tf为1∶1∶1的离子缔合物,体系反应导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)显著增强并出现新的RRS光谱.两种药物的反应产物具有相似的光谱特征,最大RRS峰位于373 nm处,并在590 nm处有1个较小的散射峰.在373 nm处一定浓度的抗生素与散射增强(△I)成正比,MXFX和GTF的线性范围分别为0.031 ～7.8 mg/L和0.029～9.0 mg/L.据此建立了测定氟喹诺酮类药物的新方法,方法用于胶囊和人尿液中FLQs的测定并取得满意结果.同时对反应机理及RRS增强原因进行了讨论.     

铜（Ⅱ)-氟喹诺酮类抗生素螯合物与虎红体系的吸收和共振瑞利散射光谱及其分析应用研究

在pH 4.2~4.8的B-R缓冲介质中,莫西沙星（MXFX)和加替沙星（GTF)等氟喹诺酮类抗生素（FLQs)能与铜（Ⅱ)形成螯合阳离子,进一步与虎红（Tf)阴离子通过静电引力和疏水作用形成FLQs∶Cu（Ⅱ)∶Tf为1∶1∶1的离子缔合物,体系反应导致共振瑞利散射（RRS)显著增强并出现新的RRS光谱。两种药物的反应产物具有相似的光谱特征,最大RRS峰位于373 nm处,并在590 nm处有1个较小的散射峰。在373 nm处一定浓度的抗生素与散射增强（ΔI)成正比,MXFX和GTF的线性范围分别为0.031~7.8 mg/L和0.029~9.0 mg/L。据此建立了测定氟喹诺酮类药物的新方法,方法用于胶囊和人尿液中FLQs的测定并取得满意结果。同时对反应机理及RRS增强原因进行了讨论。     

氟喹诺酮类抗生素与磷钨酸体系的共振瑞利散射光谱研究及其分析应用

在5.0 mol/L的HCl缓冲介质中,磷钨酸（Pwa）与莫西沙星(MXFX)和加替沙星（GTF）等氟喹诺酮类抗生素(FLQs)相互作用形成摩尔比1∶1离子缔合物,导致体系的共振瑞利散射(RRS)显著增强并出现新的RRS光谱。 MXFX和GTF的反应产物具有相似的光谱特征,最大散射波长位于320 nm附近,且药物浓度与散射增强(ΔI)成正比,2种氟喹诺酮类药物的线性范围分别为0.025~6.0 mg/L（MXFX）和0.023~9.0 mg/L（GTF）。 据此可建立用于测定氟喹诺酮类药物的简捷快速灵敏的新方法,方法用于胶囊和人尿液中的FLQs测定并取得满意结果。 并对反应机理和RRS增强的原因进行了讨论。     

阿苯达唑与12-磷钨酸相互作用的共振瑞利散射、二级散射和倍频散射光谱及其分析应用

在pH=1.5的HCl介质中,阿苯达唑(ABZ)与12-磷钨酸(TPA)形成摩尔比为3∶1的离子缔合物,从而引起共振瑞利散射(RRS)、二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)光谱显著增强,其最大散射波长分别位于372nm、726nm和392nm。在一定范围内,三种散射信号的增强(△IRRS、△ISOS和△IFDS)均与ABZ的浓度呈线性关系。方法具有较高的灵敏度,RRS、SOS和FDS法对ABZ的检出限(3σ)分别为1.0ng/mL、3.7ng/mL和2.5ng/mL。考察了适宜的反应条件和共存物质的影响,结果表明该方法选择性良好。据此,提出了简便、快速、准确且高灵敏度的测定痕量ABZ的光散射新方法,并应用于片剂和尿样中ABZ的测定。     

汞(Ⅱ)-邻菲啰啉-刚果红缔合体系的共振瑞利散射和共振非线性散射光谱及分析应用

在pH=9.0的弱碱性环境中,Hg2+与邻菲啰啉(phen)反应形成无色螯合物[Hg(phen)3]2+,再与刚果红(CR)反应,形成三元离子缔合物Hg(phen)3CR,其摩尔比为1∶1。 此时引起共振瑞利散射(RRS)、二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)光谱显著增强,最大的散射波长分别位于578 nm(RRS法)、612 nm(SOS法)和352 nm(FDS法)。 在一定条件下,散射增强(ΔI)与Hg2+浓度呈良好的线性关系,检出限分别为2.32 μg/L(RRS法)、3.20 μg/L(SOS法)和1.56 μg/L(FDS法),考察了最佳实验条件和影响因素,表明本方法具有良好的选择性,并以RRS法为例研究了共存物质的影响。 据此建立了灵敏度高、选择性好、快速准确测定Hg2+的光散射新方法,该方法用于环境水样中Hg2+的测定取得满意结果。 并对RRS增强的原因和反应机理进行了讨论。     

某些蒽环类抗癌药物与刚果红相互作用的吸收、荧光和共振瑞利散射光谱研究

在pH 2.5左右的酸性介质中, 刚果红与表柔比星、柔红霉素和米托蒽醌等蒽环类抗生素反应形成离子缔合物时, 仅能引起吸收光谱和荧光光谱的微小变化, 但却能导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)的显著增强并产生新的RRS光谱, 与此同时也观察到二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)的增强. 最大RRS峰位于370 nm附近, 并在280 nm附近有另一散射峰. 而它们的SOS峰均在530 nm附近, 最大FDS峰均位于353 nm处. 其中RRS法灵敏度最高, 它对表柔比星、柔红霉素和米托蒽醌的检出限分别为0.054, 0.058和0.033 μg/mL, 而其线性范围分别为0.05～12.0, 0.05～12.0和0.04～7.5 μg/mL. 文中研究了反应产物的吸收、荧光和RRS光谱特征, 适宜的反应条件及分析化学性质, 据此发展了一种用RRS技术灵敏、简便、快速测定蒽环类抗癌药物的新方法.     

氟喹诺酮类抗生素与钴(Ⅱ)和刚果红三元配合物的共振瑞利散射光谱研究及其分析应用

在pH 4.5～6.5的Bdtton-Robinson缓冲溶液中,钴(Ⅱ)与环丙沙星(CIP)、诺氟沙星(NOR)、氧氟沙星(OF)和左氧氟沙星(LEV)等氟喹诺酮类抗生素(FLQs)能形成螯合阳离子,它们能通过静电引力和疏水作用与刚果红(CR)阴离子反应,形成1:2:1(Co2 :FLQs:CR)三元离了缔合配合物.此时将引起溶液的共振瑞利散射(RRS)显著增强,并出现新的RRS光谱.不同抗生素具有相似的光谱特征,其最大散射波长均位于560 nm处,并在382和278 nm处有2个较小的散射峰.一定浓度的抗生素与散射增强(△成正比,对不同氟喹诺酮类药物的线性范围和检出限(3σ)分别是0.026～2.64 μg·mL-1和7.68 μg·mL-1(CIP),0.045～3.20 μg·mL-1和13.00 ng·mL-1(NOR),0.037～4.00μg·mL-1和11.24 ng·mL-1(OF),0.039～4.00 μg·mL-1和11.80 ng·mL-1(LEV),据此提出了一种以RRS技术测定氟喹诺酮抗牛素的新方法.方法不仅灵敏度高,而且简单、快速,并有良好的选择性和重复性,可用于片剂、针剂、滴眼液和人尿液中氟喹诺酮类药物的测定.文中还对反应机理和RRS增强的原因作了讨论.     

健那绿作光谱探针共振瑞利散射法测定藻酸钠

本文提出了共振瑞利散射法测定藻酸钠的新方法。研究发现在pH=4.0的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中,藻酸钠或健那绿单独存在时共振瑞利散射(RRS)强度非常弱,当两者反应形成复合物时,RRS大大增强并产生新的RRS光谱,其最大RRS峰位于560nm,另在328nm和397nm处产生两个强度较低的散射峰。在560nm处,藻酸钠的浓度在0.015～1.0μg/mL范围内与RRS强度有良好的线性关系,检出限(3σ/k)为5ng/mL。方法灵敏度高,选择性好,可用于面条和海带提取液中的藻酸钠测定。     

Hg(Ⅱ)与法莫替丁和阴离子表面活性剂三元混配物的共振瑞利散射、二级散射和倍频散射光谱及其分析应用

在pH 5.9 NaAc-HAc的缓冲溶液中,法莫替丁(FMTD)与Hg(II)形成五元环螯合阳离子([Hg(FMTD)]2+),再进一步与十二烷基硫酸钠(SLS),十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)等阴离子表面活性剂(AS)反应形成1: 1: 2的三元混配物([Hg(FMTD)(AS)2]). 此时,引起体系共振瑞利散射(RRS)、二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)的显著增强. 最大的散射波长位于345~352 nm (RRS法)、544 nm (SOS法) 和352 nm (FDS法),3种散射强度(?I)的顺序均为SLS>SDS>SDBS,在一定范围内?I与FMTD的浓度成良好的线性关系,检出限为3.3~3.9 ng/mL (RRS法)、14.6 ~ 16.3 ng/mL (SOS法)和7.0 ~ 8.5 ng/mL (FDS法). 据此提出了灵敏度高、选择性好、快速准确测定FMTD的光散射新方法. 适用于注射液、血清和尿样中FMTD含量的测定. 文中探讨了[Hg(FMTD)(AS)2]的形成对吸收和RRS光谱的影响及引起RRS增强的原因.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.