云南红景天化学成分的研究

红景天是生长在海拔3 500m以上高寒、低氧环境中的高山植物,具有强壮、抗缺氧、抗寒冷、抗疲劳、抗微波辐射及兴奋大脑和脊髓作用,可以提高体力和脑力劳动的工作效率,延缓机体衰老,防治疾病等功能.红景天的主要化学成分有酚类、黄酮及二者的甙类,此外还有香豆精、有机酸、蒽醌、甾类、萜类、生物碱等.红景天挥发油具有特殊的香气,我们采用气-质联用法对云南红景天挥发油的化学成分进行了分析,从挥发油中分离出90个峰,经分析鉴定了其中44种成分,所鉴定成分占挥发油色谱峰总面积的87.93%.     

高效液相色谱法分析红景天根中红景天甙

红景天属多年生草本或亚灌木，以肉质根及根茎入药，具有抗寒冷、抗缺氧、抗疲劳、抗微波辐射、抗衰老、抗肿瘤及抗毒、强心、增强免疫力等生理药理作用。目前，已知红景天的主要成分为红景天甙（分子式为C14H20O7）、甙元以及二苯甲基氢吡啶，其中红景天甙是研究最多的化学成分。测定方法主要有高效液相色谱法、气相色谱法、薄层色谱法等。气相色谱法测定红景天甙的含量，需要将样品衍生化，操作繁琐，     

水蒸汽蒸馏-气相色谱/质谱法分析7种竹叶挥发油的香气成分

利用水蒸汽蒸馏法(HD)和气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定了斑苦竹等7种竹叶挥发油的化学成分,并确定了7种竹叶挥发油中的主要香气成分。其中共有香气成分有8种,分别为苯甲醛、庚二烯醛、藏红花醛、大马士酮、α-紫罗兰酮、香叶基丙酮、β-紫罗兰酮和六氢法呢基丙酮。不同竹叶挥发油具有不同的香味,而且发现了某些高应用价值的化合物存在于竹叶挥发油中,如α-古巴烯、α-红没药醇、角鲨烯等,为以后进一步开发利用竹叶挥发油提供科学依据。     

蛇床子挥发油的提取方法及其化学成分的气相色谱分析

中药药材蛇床子为伞形科植物蛇床子的干燥成熟果实，别名蛇米、野胡萝卜子、野茴香。果皮松脆，种子细小，灰棕色，显油性；气香，味辛凉，有麻舌感。蛇床子的挥发油在临床上具有止咳、平喘、祛痰、发汗、解表、祛风、镇痛、解热、利尿、健胃、抗菌、消毒、杀虫等功效；还用于治疗阳萎、宫冷、寒湿带下、湿痹腰疼等，可抗诱变与抗癌、抗变态反应、提高免疫力、延缓衰老、美肤美容等不同的功能；工业还用于制造香料和指示剂等。文献对于蛇床子中挥发油的成分已有报道，但因蛇床子挥发油的成分复杂，且产地不同，因此结果也有明显的差异。采用水蒸气蒸馏法和挥发油提取器提取法来提取蛇床子中的挥发油，得到最佳的提取蛇床子挥发油的方法。对蛇床子挥发油深入研究不仅可以揭示该植物的生长环境和化学成分的关系，还为进一步开发和利用新药资源提供了科学依据。     

固相微萃取气-质联用分析黑龙江百里香的挥发性成分

黑龙江百里香属(Thymus)植物,具有百里香草或麝香草的特殊气味,其挥发油具有抗细菌、真菌、防腐等药用作用,还可作为芳香物质添加于化妆品中。国内外对百里香属某些植物挥发性成分已有研究,但黑龙江百里香化学成分目前尚未见文献报道。固相微萃取法是近年来发展起来的新型样品预处理技术,具有无溶剂污染、操作便捷及灵敏度高等优     

大叶冬青挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析

采用气相色谱-质谱联用法对大叶冬青挥发油的化学成分进行研究,鉴定出大叶冬青挥发油中含醇、酮、酰胺及含氧萜类等71个化学成分,运用峰面积归一化法测定各化学成分的相对百分含量,已鉴定的化学成分占挥发油总量的96.16%.     

万寿菊不同部位挥发性化学成分比较研究

通过分析不同部位万寿菊挥发性化学成分,为万寿菊的开发利用提供实验依据.采用同时蒸馏.萃取法(SDE)提取不同部位万寿菊挥发油,气相色谱法分离,质谱法鉴定结构.结果表明万寿菊花、叶、茎挥发油的含量分别为3.7%、3.5%和2.9%.在花、叶和茎挥发油中分别鉴定出40、33和35种化学成分.万寿菊不同部位挥发油的含量及其化学成分存在一定的差异,其中万寿菊花挥发油的含量最高,万寿菊花、叶、茎挥发油中柠檬烯、3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯.3-醇、1-环己基-2.甲基-丙烯-2-酮和3-甲基-6-(1-甲乙基)-2-环己烯-1-酮含量较高.     

微波提取对挥发油化学成分的影响

采用无溶剂微波辅助提取与微波水蒸气蒸馏法提取薄荷叶和花椒挥发油,气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析挥发油化学成分,与传统的水蒸气蒸馏对比,考察了微波对挥发油化学成分的影响.结果表明,微波促使薄荷叶挥发油中的薄荷醇氧化,转变为长叶薄荷酮和少量的薄荷呋喃酮.花椒挥发油中的按油素等化合物受质子的催化,在长时间温度较高的提取条件...     

望春玉兰花蕾挥发油的化学成分分析

望春玉兰(magnaolia biondii Pampan.)属木兰科落叶乔木，全国各地均有栽培。木兰科植物的花提制浸膏作香精，花蕾作药用，通称辛夷，具有明显的抗急性炎症效应，是我国传统的中药材之一。关于辛夷挥发油化学成分目前已有报道。但作为组成辛夷正品的不同地域的望春玉兰花蕾，其挥发油化学成分是否相同，为了评价药物质量，我们对甘肃产     

大叶黄杨叶、茎、果挥发油成分及抗病毒作用

研究了大叶黄杨叶、茎、果挥发油的化学成分及抗病毒活性。 采用超临界二氧化碳萃取,应用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS) 法鉴定挥发油化学成分,考察体外抗病毒作用。 共鉴定133个化合物,大叶黄杨叶挥发油中主要有2-乙氧丙烷(41.92%)、(E)-2-己烯-1-醇(17.8%)、 (E)-香叶醇(7.86%)、甲基环己烷(6.60%)等;大叶黄杨茎挥发油中主要有甲氧基苯基肟(33.10%)、二十八烷(14.34%)、α-甲基-α-[4-甲基-3-戊烯基]环氧乙烷甲醇(12.48%)、甲苯(11.88%)、二十一烷(7.74%) 等;大叶黄杨果挥发油中主要有苯甲醛(15.52%)、甲苯(15.03%)、甲基环己烷(14.76%)、(Z)-3-己烯-1-醇(10.98%)等。 大叶黄杨叶、茎、果的环己烷、乙醚萃取挥发油对特定病毒有显著抑制效果。 大叶黄杨叶、茎、果中挥发油萃取部位成分差异明显,有特定抗病毒活性。     

红景天挥发油的GC／MS／DS和GC／IR／DS研究

红景天挥发油的ＧＣ／ＭＳ／ＤＳ和ＧＣ／ＩＲ／ＤＳ研究阎吉昌，张宏徐少敏卫永弟，阎雪（东北师范大学测试中心，长春，１３００２４）（吉林省石油化工研究院，白求恩医科大学）关键词红景天，色谱／质谱，色谱／红外，复杂有机混合物应用色谱／质谱／计算机（ＧＣ／Ｍ...     

天然和人工培植红景天挥发油的对比研究

应用ＧＣ－ＭＳ和ＧＣ－ＩＲ两种联机法对比研究了天然和人工培植红景天挥发油、分别鉴定出２７个和２４个化合物。ＭＳ给出结构信息和ＩＲ给出官能团信息相结合，提高了分析测试复杂样品的可靠性。     

Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhodiola quadrifida</Emphasis> from Xinjiang,China

The chemical composition of a hydrodistilled oil of Rhodiola quadrifida (Pall.) Fisch. et Mey. growing wild in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China was analyzed by GC/MS. Twenty-three constituents were identified. The major components of the oil were hexadecanoic acid (45.39%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (33.38%), 9-hexadecenoic acid (3.08%), myristic acid (1.95%), a-terpineol (1.74%), and octadecanoic acid (1.07%). __________ Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 337–338, July–August, 2005.     

Authentication of Rhodiola rosea,Rhodiola quadrifida and Rhodiola rosea liquid extract from the Ukrainian market using HPTLC chromatographic profiles

Abstract

Rhodiola rosea and Rhodiola quadrifida are widely distributed and sold in Eastern Europe. The purpose of this paper was to identify R.rosea, R.quadrifida and Rhodiola rosea liquid extract (RRLE) in the Ukrainian market and bring out adulteration cases using chromatographic characterisation by HPTLC. The multiple samples of R.rosea, R.quadrifida and RRLE were compared; the optimal chromatographic conditions for identification of R.rosea and RRLE based on the presence of rosavins and salidroside as well as for identification of R.quadrifida based on the presence of salidroside were proposed; the specific HPTLC fingerprints were obtained; the acceptance criteria for each product were set. The adulteration cases for R.rosea and RRLE samples were established. The dependence on handling R.rosea and presence of rosavins was determined. It was assumed that low-quality raw materials or inefficient technology process were used for RRLE. The consistency of HPTLC fingerprints for R.quadrifida samples was established.     

玫瑰红景天药用历史及功能简介

玫瑰红景天具有上千年的药用历史,是我国传统中药中的瑰宝。大量研究表明,玫瑰红景天提取物对人体中枢神经系统、心血管系统以及内分泌系统具有保护和调节作用,尤其在抗疲劳、抗抑郁、抗肿瘤及提高人体免疫力等方面具有独特的药效。本文介绍了玫瑰红景天的药用开发历史及其特征活性成分的功能,以期提高人们对这种传统中药的认识,为进一步开发玫瑰红景天的药用功能提供借鉴和参考。     

Brain metabolomics study for the protective effects of Rhodiola crenulata extract on Alzheimer's disease by HPLC coupled with Fourier transform‐ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

In order to investigate the protective effects of Rhodiola crenulata extract on Alzheimer's disease, a brain metabolomics study in rats was conducted by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Rat model was constructed by bilateral hippocampal injection of amyloid‐β peptide and immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the pharmacological effect of Rhodiola crenulata extract. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to discover potential biomarkers in rat brain and related metabolic pathways analysis was conducted to elucidate the action mechanism of Rhodiola crenulata extract. As a result, a total of 19 metabolites contributing to Alzheimer's disease progress were identified and nine of them were restored to the normal levels after drug administration. Pathway analysis revealed that the protective effects of Rhodiola crenulata extract are related to the regulation of glutathione metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism in rat brain. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that the developed metabolomics method is useful to investigate the protective effects of Rhodiola crenulata extract against Alzheimer's disease. These outcomes may further provide reliable evidence to illuminate the intervention mechanism of other traditional Chinese medicines on Alzheimer's disease.     

Characterization of the chemical constituents in Hongjingtian injection by liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Hongjingtian injection is made from Rhodiola wallichiana and used in the treatment of stable angina pectoris associated with coronary heart disease. In this study, the chemical constituents in Hongjingtian injection were comprehensively studied using liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. A total of 49 compounds were identified or assumed, including 10 organic acids, nine phenylethanoids, 10 phenylpropanoids, two flavonoid glycosides, seven monoterpene glycosides, seven octylglycosides and four other types of compounds. The structures of seven compounds were confirmed by comparing their retention times, MS and UV spectra with the corresponding authentic standards. Amongst the 49 compounds, 35 were firstly found in R. wallichiana, while they have been reported in other species of the genus Rhodiola, including Rhodiola crenulata, Rhodiola sacra, Rhodiola rosea and Rhodiola kirilowii. The possible fragmentation pathways in the mass spectrometry of the major types of compounds are proposed and summarized. Our study demonstrates a rapid method for characterizing the chemical constituents present in the Hongjingtian injection, which could also be applied to the identification of chemical constituents in other TCM formulae containing R. wallichiana.     

Extraction and Purification of Depigmenting Agents from Chinese Plants

Introduction Melaninisaheterogeneousbiopolymerproduced bytheskincells,melanocytes,whichdetermine,mostly,thecoloroftheskin.Excessiveproductionof melaninanditsaccumulationintheskincancausepig mentingdisordersincludingmelasma,solarlentigoand postinflammatory…     

Preparative purification of salidroside from Rhodiola rosea by two‐step adsorption chromatography on resins

Salidroside is an effective adaptogenic drug extracted from Rhodiola species. In the present study, a simple and efficient method for preparative separation and purification of salidroside from the Chinese medicinal plant Rhodiola rosesa was developed by adsorption chromatography on macroporous resins. The static adsorption isotherms and kinetics of some resins have been determined and compared for preparative separation of salidroside. According to our results, HPD‐200 resin is the most appropriate medium for the separation of salidroside and its adsorption data fit the Langmuir isotherm well. Dynamic adsorption and desorption were carried out in glass columns packed with HPD‐200 to optimize the separation process. After two adsorption and desorption runs, a product with a salidroside content of 92.21% and an overall recovery of 48.82% was achieved. In addition, pure lamellar crystals of salidroside with a purity of 99.00% could be obtained from this product. Its molecular weight was determined by an ESI‐MS method. The simple purification scheme avoids toxic organic solvents used in silica gel and high‐speed counter‐current chromatographic separation processes and thus increases the safety of the process and can be helpful for large‐scale salidroside production from Rhodiola rosea or other plant extracts.     

LC/MS/MS identification of glycosides produced by biotransformation of cinnamyl alcohol in Rhodiola rosea compact callus aggregates

Cinnamyl alcohol was added to the media of compact callus aggregates (CCA) of Rhodiola rosea for stimulating the production of cinnamyl glycosides. The biotransformation reaction produced high amounts of rosin, while only a very low amount of rosavin was produced. As the consumption rate of cinnamyl alcohol was much higher than production of rosin, the aqueous methanol extracts of compact callus aggregates were studied by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric methods and four new unexpected biotransformation products of cinnamyl alcohol were identified.