超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法同时测定猪肝中非甾体类抗炎药残留

采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆串联质谱仪(UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定了猪肝中18种非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)的残留量.对NSAIDs多残留同时提取、净化技术进行了研究,对UPLC-MS/MS检测参数进行了优化.均质后的猪肝样品采用酸化乙腈提取,正己烷液-液分配(LLP)脱脂,经硅胶固相萃取(SPE)柱净化后,采用UPLC-MS/MS电喷雾电离(ESI),多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,以保留时间和子离子比定性,外标法定量.方法检出限(LOD)为0.2～10 μg/kg;定量限(LOQ)为1.0～50 μg/kg.在添加浓度在1.0～200 μg/kg范围内,NSAIDs的回收率在53.8%～92.7%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于10.3%.方法操作简便,对动物肌肉、内脏、鸡蛋及牛奶中NSAIDs残留的检测具有普遍适用性.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法研究阿维菌素在苹果和土壤中的残留消解动态

建立了苹果和土壤中阿维菌素残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)检测方法,并且应用本方法研究产自泰安、西安及北京的苹果和土壤中阿维菌素的代谢规律.样品经乙腈萃取后,用饱和NaCl盐析分层,静置30 min后,旋转蒸发浓缩,氨基柱净化,应用UPLC-MS/MS选择多反应监测(MRM)正离子模式扫描测定.本方法最低检出浓度(LOQ)为1.0 μg/kg(S/N=10);在2.0～100.0 μg/L范围内阿维菌素的峰强度与质量浓度的线性关系良好(r=0.9994).3个添加水平(1.0, 10和100 μg/kg)的平均回收率在79.2%～96.1%,相对标准偏差3.18%～9.14%.田间测定试验结果表明:阿维菌素在苹果中的原始沉积量为11.8～18.4 μg/kg,在土壤中的原始沉积量为44.7～54.8 μg/kg,代谢速率快,在苹果中的半衰期为2.35～3.84 d,在土壤中的半衰期为4.58～6.45 d.     

UPLC-MS/MS法对动物源性食品中12种大环内酯类抗生素残留的测定

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法测定动物源性食品中12种大环内酯类抗生素(林可霉素、阿奇霉素、螺旋霉素、替米考星、竹桃霉素、红霉素、泰乐霉素、吉他霉素、罗红霉素、克拉霉素、麦迪霉素、交沙霉素)的方法.样品均质后,用乙腈提取,正己烷净化,无水硫酸钠脱水.乙腈提取液减压浓缩后,氮气流吹干,甲醇溶解定容;采用UPLC-MS/MS电喷雾多反应监测模式检测,基质匹配标准曲线定量.实验结果表明,12种大环内酯化合物在5 ～100 μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,检出限均为5.0 μg/kg,定量下限为10 μg/kg.5种空白基质样品中,10、25、50 μg/kg加标水平的平均回收率为60% ～117%,相对标准偏差均在20%以内.该方法灵敏度高、重复性好,各项技术指标均满足国内外相关法规要求,可用于动物源性食品中12种大环内酯类抗生素残留的检测.     

QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定3种叶菜中矮壮素和丙环唑残留

建立了菜心、芥蓝和小白菜中矮壮素和丙环唑残留的分析方法.以QuEChERS法进行样品前处理,采用含1％ HAc的乙腈溶液提取,无水MgSO4、C18及PSA吸附剂净化,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法测定.对提取溶剂、吸附剂和色谱柱的选择进行了研究探讨.结果表明矮壮素在1～1 000 μg/L、丙环唑在1～500 μg/L浓度范围内均有良好的线性关系.矮壮素和丙环唑的检出限分别为0.1 μg/kg和0.01 μg/kg;在0.010、0.10和0.50 mg/kg 3个添加浓度水平下,菜心、芥蓝和小白菜中矮壮素和丙环唑回收率为75.0％～96.2％;相对标准偏差为0.9％～8.3％;方法定量限为最低添加浓度0.010 mg/kg.该方法快速、简便、准确,满足叶菜中矮壮素和丙环唑残留分析的要求.     

超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱联用分析鸭蛋黄中的苏丹红Ⅰ～Ⅳ

建立了鸭蛋黄中苏丹红Ⅰ～Ⅳ号的超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱联用（UPLC-MS/MS）的分析方法。采用乙腈提取样品中的苏丹红,加水反沉淀除去蛋白质和脂肪等杂质,冷冻后高速离心,取上层清液供UPLC-MS/MS分析。经Waters Acquity BHE C18超高效液相色谱柱分离,串联四极杆质谱多反应监测模式检测,4种物质的检出限均为0.05 μg/L,实际样品中4种物质的检出限为10 μg/kg。采用标准添加法测定苏丹红的回收率,100.0,200.0,300.0 μg/kg 3个不同添加水平的回收率为50.2%～101.3%。实验结果表明该方法灵敏度高,检出限低,确证能力强,分析时间短,可满足高通量食品样品中苏丹红的日常检测。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定动物源性食品中24种磺胺类药物残留

利用高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)联用技术,建立了一种在28 min内快速分离和测定鸡肉、猪肉、牛肉、羊肉、蜂蜜、牛奶中24种磺胺类药物残留的方法.方法检出限(LOD)为0.27～7.45μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)0.957～9.89 μg/kg;在5～300μg/L范围内线性关系良好,在10、20、50μg/kg 3个添加浓度上回收率为60.8%～122.9%,相对标准偏差(PSD)为0.01%～19%.     

液相色谱串联质谱法测定猪肉和猪肝中9种磺胺类药物的残留

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC/MS/MS)同时测定猪肉及猪肝中9种磺胺类药物残留的检测方法.样品经10％的Na2SO4溶液和乙腈-氯仿(10:1)提取,乙腈饱和正己烷去脂,使用乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷(PSA)和十八烷基键合相硅胶(ODS C18-N)两种基质分散净化剂净化,采用LC-MS/MS多反应监测(MRM)正离子模式测定,内标法定量.9种磺胺检出限为0.1 ～0.8 μg/kg,在5,10,20μg/kg 3个浓度添加水平,回收率为74.1％ ～ 115.8％,相对标准偏差均小于6.2％(n=6).     

超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱法检测牛奶中22种喹诺酮类抗菌素

应用液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱仪,检测牛奶中的喹诺酮类(QNs)抗菌素.样品经柠檬酸磷酸盐缓冲液(Mcllvaine)超声提取,采用固相萃取(SPE)方法净化提取液并对目标物质进行富集,用UPLC-MS/MS检测.实验通过空白基质溶液稀释标准,建立校正的标准曲线,可以降低基质对离子化的干扰.结果表明:吡哌酸、依诺沙星、西诺沙星、奥索利酸在3～300 μg/kg,帕珠沙星在5～500 μg/kg,氧氟沙星、加替沙星、司帕沙星在0 5～50 μg/kg,其余14种喹诺酮类化合物在1～100 μg/kg的线性范围内均具有良好的线性关系,相关系数在0 9851～0 9997之间,定量限(LOQ)为0 008～0 339 μg/kg.除了氟甲喹、萘啶酸、那氟沙星的回收率小于60%外,其它喹诺酮的回收率均在63.1%～94.6%之间,相对标准偏差为0 86%～13.12%.     

超高压液相色谱串联质谱法测定小油菜中3种农药残留EI北大核心CSCD

建立了小油菜中阿维菌素、氯虫苯甲酰胺和苯醚甲环唑3种农药残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。样品经乙腈提取,SPE氨基固相萃取柱净化,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)同时进行检测。3种农药在小油菜样品中均存在程度不同的基质效应,因此,采用空白基质匹配的校准曲线外标法定量。3种农药均在0.5~500μg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.9996。在0.02~0.2 mg/kg范围内,平均添加回收率为84.0%~110.0%,相对标准偏差为1.2%~1.5%。阿维菌素、氯虫苯甲酰胺和苯醚甲环唑的检出限(LOD)分别为1.87,0.0115和0.0110μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)分别为6.24,0.0384和0.0366μg/kg。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定鱼制品中残留的7种性激素

以电喷雾离子源(ESI)为电离源,在正离子采集模式下建立了鱼制品中7种性激素（甲基炔诺酮、甲基睾酮、丙酸睾酮、醋酸甲羟孕酮、醋酸甲地孕酮、醋酸氯地孕酮、诺龙）的超高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品被酶解后用甲醇提取,提取液经氯化锌(ZnCl2)去脂、LC-C18和LC-NH2固相萃取柱净化、Waters ACQUITYTM UPLC BEH-C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)分离,在多反应监测模式下进行UPLC-MS/MS分析。7种性激素的方法检出限(S/N=3)为0.08～0.17 μg/kg,定量限(S/N=10)为0.24～0.58 μg/kg。考察了内标法和基质匹配外标法对7种性激素进行定量的回收率与精密度: 添加水平为1, 4 μg/kg时,以内标法定量,7种性激素的平均回收率为76%～118%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为5.0%～11.3%;以基质匹配外标法定量,7种性激素的平均回收率为66%～94%,RSD为4.5%～10.7%。该结果表明两种方法均能够满足鱼制品中7种性激素的多残留检测要求。应用建立的方法对市售脱脂大黄鱼及烤鱼片进行检测,未发现7种目标违禁性激素。     

离子交换固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定动物组织中的8类非甾体抗炎药残留

采用离子交换固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定了动物组织中的8类14种非甾体抗炎药(Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAIDs)残留。动物组织样品经乙腈-乙酸乙酯(1∶1,V/V)提取、乙腈饱和正己烷除脂、Oasis MCX阳离子交换固相萃取柱除杂后,用液相色谱-质谱联用仪电喷雾电离,多反应监测模式检测。本方法的检出限为3.0～10.0μg/kg;定量限为10.0～25.0μg/kg;添加浓度在10.0～1000.0μg/kg范围内,牛肉组织中的回收率为62.9%～108.4%,相对标准偏差小于10%;猪肉组织中的回收率为63.4%～117.0%,相对标准偏差小于9%。     

Residual level of dimethachlon in rice‐paddy field system and cooked rice determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detector

In this study, a modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe method coupled with gas chromatography with electron capture detection was established to determine dimethachlon residues in paddy soil, rice husk, rice straw, brown rice and cooked rice. The limits of quantification of dimethachlon were 0.01 mg/kg for paddy soil, brown rice and cooked rice and 0.02 mg/kg for rice straw and rice husk. The mean recoveries were in the range 78.59–104.7% with relative standard deviation values of <10% for dimethachlon in the five matrices. For field experiments, the final residues of dimethachlon in paddy soil were < 0.05 mg/kg and were < 1.21 mg/kg in rice straw from six sites. The final residues of dimethachlon in the brown rice at 21, 28 and 35 days after spraying from six sites were 0.08–7.58 mg/kg, and 0.16–30.1 mg/kg in rice husk. Our six test sites covered the main rice–producing areas of China. The routine rice cooking process of a Chinese family could apparently increase the removal of dimethachlon in rice compared with brown rice, and the reduction ratios were > 96%.     

Stereoselective separation and determination of triadimefon and triadimenol in wheat, straw, and soil by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A sensitive and rapid analytical method was developed for simultaneous determination of triadimefon (TF) and triadimenol (TN) stereoisomers in wheat, straw, and soil by liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The direct enantioseparation of TF and TN was performed on a Lux cellulose-1 column packed with cellulose-tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate). The effects of mobile-phase composition on the separation were investigated and stereoisomeric elution orders were confirmed with a polarimeter detector. The pesticides were extracted from samples with acetonitrile and cleaned up by solid-phase extraction or activated carbon. Based on the developed stereoselective LC-MS/MS method, for TF and TN stereoisomers, good linearities were obtained over the concentration range of 0.003-4 mg/L; recoveries were 84.2-102.7% in wheat, 84.0-104.0% in straw, and 85.2-106.8% in soil at spiked concentrations of 0.007-2.0 mg/kg; intra-day and inter-day assay precisions were below 12.2%. Limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) in wheat, straw, and soil were 0.001-0.005 mg/kg and 0.007-0.02 mg/kg, respectively. Finally, the method was successfully applied to detect TF and TN stereoisomers in wheat, straw, and soil samples from residual trials in farm.     

超高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离串联质谱联用法检测茶叶中阿维菌素类药物残留

建立了采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离串联质谱同时检测茶叶中爱比菌素、甲胺基阿维菌素、乙酰胺基阿维菌素、伊维菌素、多拉菌素、莫西丁克残留的方法。试样经饱和氯化钠溶液浸润后,用乙腈提取,C18固相萃取小柱净化,超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法(UPLC/ESI-MS/MS)测定。对流动相、监测离子、校正曲线等进行了优化和探讨。6种分析物在2.0～50 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9920。莫西丁克在5,10,20 μg/kg,其余分析物在2,5,10 μg/kg加标水平的平均回收率为61.7%～85.4%,相对标准偏差为9.37%～17.19%。该方法可靠、稳定,可满足茶叶中阿维菌素类药物残留检测与确证的需要。     

Residues and dissipation of guadipyr in rice ecological system

A modified QuEChERs method with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for analysis of guadipyr residue and dissipation in rice matrices, paddy soil and paddy water was developed and validated. Mean recoveries and relative standard deviations in paddy soil, paddy water, rice plant, rice straw, rice hull and husked rice matrices at three spiking levels were 83.1–116.5% and 1.6–9.5%, respectively. The half-life of guadipyr was determined in 2 years at three different field sites in China via a dissipation experiment. The half-lives of guadipyr in paddy water were 0.22–0.37 days, 0.24–3.33 days in paddy soil and 0.44–1.90 days in rice plant. The terminal residues of guadipyr ranged from ND (concentrations of guadipyr were below limit of detection) to 50 μg kg^?1 in paddy soil, 10–470 μg kg^?1 in rice hull, ND70 μg kg^?1 in husked rice and ND to 110 μg kg^?1 in rice straw. The results would be helpful in fixing maximum residue limit of guadipyr, a new insecticide, in rice.     

气相色谱-质谱法测定植物源性食品中残留的联苯菊酯

建立了气相色谱-质谱检测8种植物源性食品中联苯菊酯残留量的方法。粮谷类样品采用乙腈提取、凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）结合Florisil固相萃取柱净化;蔬菜类样品采用乙酸乙酯提取、Florisil固相萃取柱净化,然后采用气相色谱-质谱测定,选择离子监测模式检测。方法的检出限为5 μg/kg（S/N=10）;在0.005～0.5 mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9999;在0.005,0.04和0.1 mg/kg 3个添加水平下,联苯菊酯的添加回收率在74%～99%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于13%。该方法灵敏度高,净化效果良好,能有效地消除复杂基质带来的干扰,可以作为日常样品中联苯菊酯残留量的检测和确证方法。     

通过式固相萃取净化-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定豆芽中10种喹诺酮类抗生素

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-Ms/Ms)快速检测豆芽中10种喹诺酮类抗生素(QNs)的方法。样品用乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液提取后,经PRiME HLB快速净化,氮吹浓缩后,用电喷雾离子源正离子-多反应监测(MRM)模式串联质谱进行检测。在0.25~100μg/L范围内,10种目标物的线性关系良好,其相关系数均大于0.997。方法对两种豆芽基质进行前处理并测定,检出限为1.0μg/kg和2.0μg/kg,定量限为3.0μg/kg和6.0μg/kg。回收率实验结果表明:10种目标物回收率范围为78.1%~106.4%,RSD<8.1%。方法能有效地避免杂质的干扰。     

Determination of RH‐5849 and indoxacarb in rice straw,rice husk,brown rice and soil using liquid chromatography–tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry following extraction with QuEChERS method

A fast and simple analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of RH‐5849 and indoxacarb in soil, rice straw, rice husk and brown rice. QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method was used for extraction, and liquid chromatography with tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was used for quantification. The matrix‐matched calibration plots were linear in the range between 25 and 5000 μg/L for soil, rice straw, rice husk and brown rice samples. All determination coefficients (R²) were ≥0.9962. The limits of detection and quantification were 1.5 and 5 μg/kg, respectively. Recoveries at three fortification levels ranged between 79.5 and 97.9% with relative standard deviations <11%. The developed method was validated and applied for the analysis of dissipation study samples. For field experiments, the half‐lives of RH‐5849 and indoxacarb in rice straw were 11.93 and 5.83 days, respectively. The method was demonstrated to be reliable for the routine monitoring of RH‐5849 and indoxacarb in rice samples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定环境样品中溴嘧氯草醚残留及其在土壤中降解特性的研究

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)测定土壤、沉积物和水中溴嘧氯草醚残留量的方法,研究了溴嘧氯草醚在3种不同类型土壤中的降解特性.样品经乙腈提取后,以C18固相萃取柱净化,采用梯度洗脱程序、BEH C18色谱分离柱、应用UPLC-MS/MS多反应监测模式测定溴嘧氯草醚.对0.005、0.05和2.0 mg/kg添加浓度样品进行回收实验,溴嘧氯草醚在土壤、沉积物和水中的平均回收率为87%~106%,变异系数为2.8%~8.0%.溴嘧氯草醚在0.5~20μg/L浓度范围内相关系数R2>0.9999,溴嘧氯草醚在土壤(沉积物)和水中的定量限分别为0.2μg/kg和0.2μg/L.应用建立的溴嘧氯草醚残留分析方法检测了土壤降解样品,结果表明,溴嘧氯草醚在3种不同土壤中好氧降解的半衰期为1.72~28.2 d,厌氧降解的半衰期为2.93~31.4 d;在同一种土壤样品中,好氧条件下溴嘧氯草醚降解快于厌氧条件;土壤中溴嘧氯草醚降解的快慢与土壤的pH值、阳离子交换量和土壤质地有关.     

Determination of acetanilide herbicides in cereal crops using accelerated solvent extraction, solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-electron capture detector

A method was developed to determine eight acetanilide herbicides from cereal crops based on accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD) analysis. During the ASE process, the effect of four parameters (temperature, static time, static cycles and solvent) on the extraction efficiency was considered and compared with shake-flask extraction method. After extraction with ASE, four SPE tubes (graphitic carbon black/primary secondary amine (GCB/PSA), GCB, Florisil and alumina-N) were assayed for comparison to obtain the best clean-up efficiency. The results show that GCB/PSA cartridge gave the best recoveries and cleanest chromatograms. The analytical process was validated by the analysis of spiked blank samples. Performance characteristics such as linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), precision and recovery were studied. At 0.05 mg/kg spiked level, recoveries and precision values for rice, wheat and maize were 82.3-115.8 and 1.1-13.6%, respectively. For all the herbicides, LOD and LOQ ranged from 0.8 to 1.7 μg/kg and from 2.4 to 5.3 μg/kg, respectively. The proposed analytical methodology was applied for the analysis of the targets in samples; only three herbicides, propyzamid, metolachlor and diflufenican, were detected in two samples.