手性胺膦配体在不对称催化中的应用

利用邻二苯基膦苯甲醛分别与多种手性二胺的缩合反应,设计合成了一系列新型手性四齿胺膦配体.这类多齿胺膦配体含有两个软的磷原子和两个硬的氮原子,具有丰富的配位化学性能和优秀的不对称诱导能力.本文综述了手性胺膦金属络合物催化剂在不对称转移氢化反应、氧化动力学拆分反应、烯烃的不对称环氧化反应和不对称环丙烷化反应、不对称D-A反应中的应用.     

金属催化的不对称氢化反应研究进展与展望

手性过渡金属络合物催化的不对称氢化反应是合成光学活性化合物的重要方法. 本文从手性配体及手性催化剂、不对称催化新反应、新方法和新策略三个方面简要评述新世纪以来过渡金属催化的不对称氢化反应研究领域的新进展. 从新世纪初至今, 手性单磷配体得到了复兴, 出现了如MonoPhos、SiPhos、DpenPhos等高效单齿亚磷酰胺酯配体; 磷原子手性(P-手性)配体也得到了快速发展, 如BenzP*、ZhanPhos、TriFer等已成为新的高效手性双膦配体; 螺环骨架手性配体成为新世纪手性配体设计合成的亮点, 除了SiPhos、SIPHOX、SpinPHOX等高效手性螺环配体外, 手性螺环吡啶胺基磷配体SpiroPAP的铱催化剂成为目前最高效的分子催化剂. 不对称催化氢化新反应研究也取得了突破, 如非保护烯胺、杂芳环化合物及N-H亚胺的氢化等反应都实现了高对映选择性. 自组装手性催化剂、树枝状手性催化剂、铁磁性纳米负载的可回收手性催化剂, 以及“混合”配体手性催化剂等新方法和新策略也在不对称催化氢化反应中得到了应用. 然而, 手性过渡金属络合物催化的不对称氢化研究仍然充满挑战, 也期待新的突破.     

非对称杂化的手性膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体在不对称催化反应中的应用进展

非对称杂化的手性膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体因其合成简便、易于调控、结构稳定等优点,被广泛应用于不对称催化反应中,如:不对称氢化、不对称氢甲酰化、不对称烯丙基烷基化、不对称氢膦酰化、不对称[3+2]-环加成、不对称1,4-加成和1,4-还原反应等.综述了手性膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体的种类、合成及其在不对称催化反应中的应用.     

新型手性胺膦-铱体系催化芳香酮的不对称转移氢化

合成了含-CH_3取代基的PNNP型手性双胺双膦配体, 并采用核磁共振、质谱、红外光谱及圆二色光谱等方法对其进行了表征. 在异丙醇溶液中, 考察了该配体与[IrHCI_2(COD)]_2组成的手性胺膦-铱体系对多种芳香酮的不对称转移氢化性能. 结果表明, 该手性胺膦-铱体系是催化多种芳香酮不对称氢转移氢化的优秀催化剂. 在室温下, 用该体系催化1,1-二苯基丙酮时, 可得到99%的转化率和99% ee的对映选择性.     

光学活性胺膦配体的合成与在不对称催化中的应用

用邻二苯基膦苯甲醛与不同的手性二胺缩合,高产率地制备了一系列手性双胺双膦配体。这些配体分别与Ru(DMSO)4Cl2或[Rh(COD)Cl]2等反应,可制备相应的手性双胺双膦钌、铑配合物。在异丙醇溶液中,该C2-对称的手性双胺双膦钌、铑配合物是多种芳香酮不对称转移氢化的优化催化剂,反应产物手性芳香醇的转华裔经和对映选择性分别高达99%和98ee。     

铜催化α-重氮酮对硼氢键的不对称插入反应

手性有机硼化合物在有机合成、医药、材料等诸多领域中有广泛的应用,发展该类化合物的高效合成方法一直广受关注.此前,我们发展了过渡金属催化卡宾对硼氢键(B—H)的插入反应,并实现了α-重氮酯对B—H键的不对称插入反应.本文以手性螺环双噁唑啉配体和铜的络合物作为催化剂,首次实现了α-重氮酮对膦-硼烷加合物的B—H键不对称插入反应,获得了较高的收率和高达83%ee的对映选择性.该研究成果是为数不多的以α-重氮酮作为卡宾前体的不对称杂原子氢键插入反应,为手性α-硼取代酮化合物这类新的有机硼化合物的合成提供了有效方法.     

新型手性双膦配体的合成及其催化性能考察

以苯乙烯为原料,通过Sharpless不对称二羟基化反应合成高对映体纯的苯基乙二醇,经环化、亲核开环和取代反应转化为手性碳膦-氧膦型双膦配体.后者与[Rh(COD)Cl]2及NH4PF6作用生成手性膦-铑阳离子催化剂.在α-脱氢氨基酸衍生物的不对称氢化反应中,化学转化率为100%,对映选择性最高达到77?.     

手性胺盐催化的α,β-不饱和酮的不对称环氧化反应

以手性胺衍生的有机催化剂催化α,β-不饱和酮的不对称环氧化反应, 考察了手性胺的结构、氧化剂的种类和溶剂对反应立体选择性的影响. 结果表明金鸡纳碱衍生9-氨基(9-脱氧)表辛可宁(A6)催化α,β-不饱和酮的不对称环氧化反应时, 其光学产率可达84% ee. 通过共价键负载于β-环糊精的手性胺在查尔酮的不对称环氧化反应中也显示出立体诱导作用.     

新的手性双膦配体的合成及其在苯乙烯不对称氢酯基化中的应用

以甘露醇和山梨醇为原料,合成了2个新的手性膦配体,并用这些新的手性膦配体与钯原位生成的催化剂体系催化苯乙烯的不对称氢酯基化反应,得到R构型的2－苯基丙酸甲酯,其ee值分别为28.5%和13.6%。     

过渡金属催化的不对称氢化反应的国内研究进展

手性过渡金属催化剂催化的不对称氢化反应是制备光学纯手性氨基酸、 手性醇、 手性胺和手性酸等手性化合物的重要手段和途径. 本文主要概括了近20年内中国科学家在手性膦配体及其过渡金属催化剂的设计合成及不对称催化氢化新反应两方面的研究进展, 并展望了该领域的发展前景.     

Cover Picture: Axis-Unfixed Biphenylphosphine-Oxazoline Ligands: Design and Applications in Asymmetric Catalytic Reactions (Chem. Rec. 10/2023)

The design and synthesis of chiral ligands plays an important role in asymmetric catalytic reactions. Over the past decades, various types of chiral phosphine-oxazolines (PHOX ligands) have been developed and have greatly advanced the field of asymmetric catalysis. Novel chiral PHOX ligand with an axis-unfixed biphenyl backbone, developed by our group, have shown interesting coordination behavior and excellent chiral inducing ability in various transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions. This personal account focuses on our developed axis-unfixed biphenylphosphine-oxazoline ligand (BiphPHOX), including an overview of its design and applications, which will provide inspiration for the exploration of novel ligands and related reactions.     

Synthesis of New Chiral Phosphine Ligands and Their Application in Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Ketones

The design of new chiral ligands is the key in the development of transition metal catalyzed asymmetric synthesis. Many chiral diphosphine ligands have been prepared and applied in asymmetric catalytic reactions with excellent enantioselectivities. Among the chiral diphosphine ligands that have been reported, the atropisomeric C2-symmetric phosphines with a biaryl scaffold initiated by Noyori and co-workers with BINAP were found to have the widest application in the transition metal catalyze…     

Rh(I) complexes with new C2‐symmetric chiral diphosphoramidite ligands: Catalytic activity for asymmetric hydrogenation of olefins

The design and synthesis of three new C ₂‐symmetric chiral diphosphoramidite ligands starting from simple and cheap building blocks have been developed. Rhodium(I) cationic complexes bearing these chelate ligands have been prepared and applied in asymmetric hydrogenation of model olefins. A rhodium complex with a diphosphoramidite containing a chiral diamine configurationally stable and two fluxional chiral biphenyl units gave higher enantioselectivity with increasing hydrogen pressure (87% ee) in the hydrogenation of dimethyl itaconate.     

过渡金属/磷配体催化不对称氢化反应研究进展

正手性过渡金属配合物催化的不对称氢化是合成手性药物、农药和精细化工中间体的重要方法.到目前为止,已经有一些过渡金属/配体配合物催化的不对称氢化反应得到工业化应用,典型的实例如孟山都公司采用手性双齿膦配体DIPAMP生产L     

Asymmetric Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of 2,6‐Disubstituted 1,5‐Naphthyridines: Access to Chiral 1,5‐Diaza‐cis‐Decalins

The first asymmetric hydrogenation (AH) of 2,6‐disubstituted and 2,3,6‐trisubstituted 1,5‐naphthyridines, catalyzed by chiral cationic ruthenium diamine complexes, has been developed. A wide range of 1,5‐naphthyridine derivatives were efficiently hydrogenated to give 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐1,5‐naphthyridines with up to 99 % ee and full conversions. This facile and green protocol is applicable to the scaled‐up synthesis of optically pure 1,5‐diaza‐cis‐decalins, which have been used as rigid chelating diamine ligands for asymmetric synthesis.     

Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones catalyzed by nickel complex with new PNO-type ligands

The new polydentate mixed-N,P,O chiral ligands have been synthesized by the condensation of bis（o-formylphenyl）- phenylphosphane and R-phenylglycinol in CHCl₃,and fully characterized by IR,NMR and EIMS spectra.These ligands were employed with a simple Ni complex Ni（PPh_s）₂Cl₂ in situ as catalytic systems for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones,and the corresponding optical alcohols were obtained with up to 84%ee under mild conditions.     

含二茂铁和吡啶单元的手性席夫碱配体在钌催化的不对称氢转移反应中的应用

Chiral Schiff base complexes are very efficient for a wide range of reactions, including expoxidation[1], epoxide ring opening[2], Diels-Alder reaction[3], aldol reaction[4], etc. However, there are only few examples of P-N chelate Schiff bases being used as the chiral ligands in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones. Recently, Gao et al[5] reported a series of P,N,N,P Schiff base ligands that have relatively low enantioselectivity in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones.