AlSi-ZSM-48沸石分子筛的合成及其催化性能

 考察了以廉价的1，6－己二胺为模板剂合成AlSi－ZSM－48沸石分子筛的条件及其在醚化碳四烯烃裂解生成丙烯和乙烯反应中的催化性能．结果表明，合成体系的碱度和盐类的加入对AlSi－ZSM－48沸石的合成影响极大，n（OH－）／n（Si）大于0．15时得不到AlSi－ZSM－48沸石，盐类如NaF和NaCl等的加入会抑制AlSi－ZSM－48的生成，而更利于ZSM－5等杂晶的产生．在醚化碳四烯烃的裂解反应中，AlSi－ZSM－48表现出优越的催化性能，可以得到高收率的丙烯和乙烯，两种烯烃的总收率可达40％以上     

静态水热晶化法高效合成MCM-22分子筛

 采用静态水热晶化法，在Na2O－Al2O3－SiO2－HMI－H2O（HMI：六亚甲基亚胺）体系中，在HMI／SiO2摩尔比为0．09，H2O／SiO2摩尔比为12，晶化时间为60～80h的条件下，合成了MCM－22分子筛．利用固体硅胶表面的吸附性能提高模板剂的局部浓度，从而实现了分子筛的高效合成．对合成条件的研究结果表明，以比表面积（486m2／g）大、反应性能好的硅胶为硅源是静态水热晶化法高效合成MCM－22分子筛的关键，而成胶老化方式对MCM－22分子筛的晶化影响不大．产物的晶相和转晶的类型取决于合成凝胶的初始硅铝比．当SiO2／Al2O3摩尔比＝18～80时可以合成出MCM－22，当SiO2／Al2O3＝13～17时可以合成出MCM－49．硅铝比较低（如SiO2／Al2O3＝20）时，MCM－22分子筛易转晶为MOR分子筛，而在硅铝比较高（如SiO2／Al2O3＝50）时，可转晶为ZSM－5分子筛．     

高硅ZSM-5分子筛和二次合成Ti-ZSM-5分子筛的结构

运用度角旋转（MAS）和交叉极化（CP）等核磁共振波谱和红外光谱技术，分别对采用不同模板剂制备的高硅ZSM－5分子筛和以此为母体，经气固同晶取代法得到Ti－ZSM－5分子筛的结构特性进行了研究．结果表明：在水热法合成高硅ZSM-5分子筛过程中，模板剂明显制约着所制得的分子筛的结构特性．通过选用合适的模板剂，可直接获得具有正交晶系结构的高硅ZSM－5分子筛．在随后的气固相同晶取代过程中，钛原子通过占据分子筛骨架中的缺陷位进入骨架，形成具有一定Ti／Si比例的钛硅分子筛（Ti－ZSM－5）。骨架结构中缺陷位的含量直接影响分子筛的载钛量。     

ZSM－5（核）／AlPO4－5（壳）双结构分子筛的合成与催化裂化性能

 采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、X射线能量散射谱、红外光谱和核磁共振等多种物化方法对合成的ZSM－5（核）／AlPO4－5（壳）双结构分子筛进行了表征，证明这种材料具有以ZSM－5为核层、以AlPO4－5为壳层的双结构特征．考察了合成条件对ZSM－5（核）／AlPO4－5（壳）分子筛形貌的影响，发现ZSM－5分子筛的加入方式对产物的形貌有较大影响．重油裂化反应结果表明，ZSM－5（核）／AlPO4－5（壳）双结构分子筛的催化性能比ZSM－5和ZSM－5／AlPO4－5机械混合分子筛样品好，表现为原油转化率和低碳烯烃、汽油及柴油收率提高．     

几种分子筛的转晶和混晶的控制及单一晶体的优化合成

 以六亚甲基亚胺作模板剂，在配料比一定的情况下，详细考察了反应温度和反应时间对MCM－22，ZSM－5，ZSM－35和丝光沸石分子筛成晶的影响．结果表明，MCM－22的最佳合成温度在低温区，ZSM－35易在提高反应温度或延长反应时间时形成，而作为中间相的ZSM－5和丝光沸石则在反应温度与反应时间合理匹配时才能以单一相生成．同时，探讨了晶种的加入对产物晶相的影响．在特定的温度和时间区间，能够合成出比例可控的ZSM－35＋MCM－22混晶，ZSM－5＋ZSM－35混晶和ZSM－35＋丝光沸石混晶，并从分子筛孔道和结构单元的特点出发，就转晶发生对温度和时间的依赖性作了解释．     

以环己胺为模板剂的ZSM－35分子筛的合成及其催化性能

 采用环己胺为有机模板剂成功地合成出ZSM－35分子筛．反应釜的转速对ZSM－35的晶化过程有明显的影响．NH3－TPD结果显示ZSM－35的酸性分布与ZSM－5分子筛类似，但ZSM－35具有强于ZSM－5的酸性中心．酸碱浸泡试验及热分析结果表明ZSM－35具有良好的耐酸碱性和热稳定性．在连续流动的固定床反应装置上，将担载少量镍的ZSM－35分子筛催化剂用于催化裂化汽油的加氢异构化反应，结果表明，Ni／ZSM－35催化剂可降低汽油中的烯烃含量，增加异构烷烃和芳烃的含量，从而提高汽油的质量．     

Cu－HMS分子筛的合成条件及其催化性能

 以十二胺（DDA）为模板剂，正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为硅源，在中性介质中于室温条件下合成了含Cu的中孔杂原子分子筛Cu－HMS．在85℃及常压下，以异丙苯氧化（O2为氧化剂）为探针反应考察了Cu源、Cu／Si摩尔比、DDA／TEOS摩尔比和晶化时间等合成条件对分子筛催化氧化性能的影响．实验结果发现，在Cu／Si摩尔比为0．02～0．03，DDA／TEOS摩尔比为0．1～0．3，晶化时间为1h以上，Cu源为Cu（NO3）2的条件下得到的Cu－HMS分子筛催化活性最高．用XRD，29SiMASNMR，FT－IR，低温N2吸附和原子发射光谱（ICP）等手段对催化活性最高的分子筛样品的结构及表面性质进行了表征，证明该分子筛具有典型的HMS结构，同时发现Cu元素已进入分子筛骨架结构．     

中孔分子筛HMS负载钴催化剂在费-托合成中的应用:载体HMS的孔径对钴基催化剂性能的影响

 用不同链长度的十二胺，十四胺，十六胺和十八胺等伯胺为模板\r\n剂合成了具有不同孔径大小的HMS中孔分子筛．XRD和低温氮吸附测定表\r\n明，HMS具有典型的中孔分子筛特征，且其孔径大小随HMS合成中所用模\r\n板剂链长度的增加而增加．以HMS为载体，采用孔体积浸渍法制备了负\r\n载量为7．5％的钴催化剂，在接近工业试验条件下（n（H2）／n（CO）\r\n＝2．1，GHSV＝500h－1，p＝2．0MPa，θ＝227℃）考察了载体孔径大\r\n小对费－托合成反应性能的影响．结果表明，与常规的SiO2载体相比，\r\nHMS负载钴催化剂具有更高的催化活性和C5＋选择性；而且，CO转化率\r\n，C5＋选择性及产物中的蜡油比均随着HMS载体孔径的增大而升高．以\r\n7．5％Co／HMS－18为催化剂，CO转化率为78．0％，C5＋选择性为80．\r\n8％，蜡油比为11．1．     

四乙基溴化铵-氟化物复合模板剂合成β沸石 Ⅲ.结晶动力学及其影响因素

 考察了用四乙基溴化铵－氟化钠复合模板剂合成β沸石的结晶动\r\n力学．结果表明：其晶化曲线为典型的S形曲线；成核活化能En＝65．\r\n79kJ／mol，生长活化能Ec＝91．49kJ／mol；与单纯的四乙基溴化铵模\r\n板剂体系相比，本体系成核诱导期较短，生长速率较快；n（NaF）／n\r\n（SiO2）值增大时，晶化诱导期缩短，成核速率加快，但氟化钠量过高\r\n时，成核速率反而降低，n（NaF）／n（SiO2）最佳值为0．10～0．17\r\n；较高的OH－／SiO2比有利于缩短晶化诱导期．     

环己烯水合制备环己醇的研究 I．分子筛结构及晶粒大小的影响

考察了三种不同结构的分子筛（ZSM－5，MCM－22及-β）以及不同晶粒大小的ZSM－5分子筛对环己烯水合反应的催化活性。结果表明，具有12元环孔道体系的β分子筛对环己烯的转化率（9．6％）最高，但对环己醇的选择性（35．4％）最差。MCM－22分子筛的活性很低，其环己烯转化率只有0．8％。而孔口为10元环结构的ZSM－5分子筛则具有较高的活性环己烯转化率7．5％）和产物选择性（99．2％），因此是较好的水合催化剂。ZSM－5分子筛的晶粒大小对其环己烯水合反应活性有明显的影响，分子筛晶粒越细，则水合反应活性越高，其原因大于晶粒变细增大了分子筛的外比表面积，从而增加了接近孔口处的活性中心的数量。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.